The New Materials Science Diffractometer STRESS-SPEC at FRM-II

2006 ◽  
Vol 524-525 ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hofmann ◽  
Günther A. Seidl ◽  
Joana Rebelo-Kornmeier ◽  
Ulf Garbe ◽  
Rainer Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Gauge Volume ◽  
Destructive Analysis ◽  
Non Destructive

In response to the development of new materials and the application of materials and components in new technologies the direct measurement, calculation and evaluation of textures and residual stresses has gained worldwide significance in recent years. Non-destructive analysis for phase specific residual stresses and textures is only possible by means of diffraction methods. In order to cater for the development of these analytical techniques the new Materials Science Diffractometer STRESS-SPEC at FRM-II is designed to be equally applied to texture and residual stress analyses by virtue of its flexible configuration. The system compromises a highly flexible monochromator setup using three different monochromators: Ge (511), bent silicon (400) and pyrolitic graphite (PG). This range of monochromators and the possibility to vary the take-off angles from 2θM = 35º to 110º allows wavelength adjustment such that measurements can be performed around a scattering angle of 2θS ~ 90º. This is important in order to optimise neutron flux and resolution, especially for stress analysis on components, since the gauge volume element in that case is cubic and large vertical divergences due to focusing monochromators do not affect the spatial resolution. The instrument is now available for routine operation and here we will present details of recent experiments and instrument performance.

Texture and Strain Experiments at OPAL

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 2823-2828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Garbe ◽  
Oliver Kirstein ◽  
Andrew Studer ◽  
Vladimir Luzin ◽  
Klaus Dieter Liss
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Inhomogeneous Deformation ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Destructive Analysis ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Non Destructive

In response to the development of new materials and the application of materials and components in new technologies the direct measurement, calculation and evaluation of textures and residual stresses has gained worldwide significance in recent years. Non-destructive analysis for phase specific residual stresses and textures is only possible by means of diffraction methods. The determination of global texture and the local variation of texture for example by inhomogeneous deformation are very important due to the coherence between the texture and the physical and mechanical properties of materials.

The New Materials Science Diffractometer RSD at CIAE

2014 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Jun Hong Li ◽  
Yun Tao Liu ◽  
Jian Bo Gao ◽  
Rui Hu ◽  
Rong Deng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Reactor ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Neutron Wavelength ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Double Focusing ◽  
Non Destructive

China Advanced Research Reactor (CARR) is a 60 MW tank-in-pool inverse neutron trap type reactor at CIAE. In order to use the non-destructive analytical techniques for phase specific residual stresses research, the new materials science diffractometer RSD was designed at CARR, which is one of the first commissioned instruments to meet the demand of industrial applications. The system comprises two types of monochromator, mosaic flat copper (220) and perfect double focusing silicon (311). The take-off angle of monochromator could change continuously from 41 to 109 degree. Therefore the neutron wavelength varies from 0.895 and 2.666 angstrom. The detector is a one dimension position sensitive detector. Various affiliated equipments enable it to do texture and tensional experiments. The best resolution could reach 0.2% using double focusing Si (311) monochromator. When RSD is available for routine operation, some research work in the field of nuclear industrial and aviatic engineering materials will be carried out using the beam of CARR.

scholarly journals STRESS-SPEC: Materials science diffractometer

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hofmann ◽  
Weimin Gan ◽  
Joana Rebelo-Kornmeier
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Strain Measurements ◽  
Beam Port ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering

In response to the development of new materials and the application of materials and components in new technologies the direct measurement, calculation and evaluation of textures and residual stresses has gained worldwide significance in recent years. STRESS-SPEC, the materials science diffractometer, which is jointly operated by the Technische Universität München, the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Technische Universität Clausthal and by GEMS, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, is located at the thermal beam port SR-3 of the FRM II and can easily be configured either for texture analysis or strain measurements.

scholarly journals Polychromy on the Antonine Wall Distance Sculptures: Non-destructive Identification of Pigments on Roman Reliefs

Britannia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 175-201
Author(s):  
Louisa Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wall Distance ◽  
Depositional Processes ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRACTNon-destructive analytical techniques are now widely and successfully employed in the fields of materials science and conservation. Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) and portable Raman spectrometry have proven particularly valuable for the rapid in-situ analysis of samples, but their applicability for the analysis of archaeological artefacts for which survival of surface treatments can be negatively impacted by post-depositional processes has been underexplored. Roman relief-sculpted monumental inscriptions from the Antonine Wall, commonly referred to as ‘Distance Slabs’, have offered an excellent opportunity to deploy these non-destructive techniques to determine whether they were originally adorned with pigments and, if so, to identify the colours used. This is a revolutionary approach to identifying colours on ancient sandstone sculpture that transforms our understanding of these unique monuments. Elemental composition analysis by pXRF has confirmed evidence for pigments and this is supported by the Raman results, making it possible to develop and reconstruct a palette of colours that originally brought these monuments to life in vibrant polychrome. The research offers a new methodology for identifying pigments on sandstone sculpture and opens new avenues for investigating other classes of material culture alongside the development of bespoke analytical equipment.

Evaluation of Welding Residual Stresses in Power Plant Facilities by Using a Newly Developed Indentation Technique

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-il Jang ◽  
Dongil Son ◽  
Yeol Choi ◽  
Yun-Hee Lee ◽  
Won-Jae Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Welding Residual Stress ◽  
Large Scatter ◽  
Indentation Technique ◽  
Cutting Test ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

It is well known that residual stress is one of the important problems in welding design/fabrications and sound maintenance of welded structures. Thus, the demand for quantitative evaluation of welding residual stress has been increased. However, conventional non-destructive techniques for welding residual stress measurement have many difficulties in in-field applications according to poor repeatability, large scatter of obtained data, complex procedures, inaccurate results, and etc. To overcome these difficulties, a newly developed indentation technique was proposed in this study, and applied to evaluate the welding residual stress in electric power plant facilities. By comparing with the stress values obtained from the destructive saw-cutting test, it could be concluded that the new indentation technique is very useful for quantitative/non-destructive evaluation of welding residual stresses in industrial fields such as power plant facilities.

Study on the Performance and Process of Materials for Special Gas Cylinder

2012 ◽  
Vol 619 ◽  
pp. 577-583
Author(s):  
Shan Ren ◽  
Chang Chun Yu
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Component Part ◽  
Fire Extinguisher ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Explosion Suppression ◽  
Gas Cylinder ◽  
Ordinary Steel

The explosion suppression fire extinguisher is an important component part of fire extinguishing and explosion suppression system of special equipment. Because of particularity and specificity of the place where it is used, the explosion suppression fire extinguisher’s body itself is commonly called the special gas cylinder. The material for special gas cylinder selected and used in the earliest design is mainly the ordinary steel gas cylinders such as the carbon structural steel gas cylinder. Because of the following characteristics: being rich in their resources, the prices are low and the process is simple, they can meet the requirements for the use in many kinds of places, and up to now, there are still used widely. But with the continuous development of special equipment in the fields of land, seas and oceans, aviation and aerospace and so on, the single material for the ordinary steel gas cylinder is unable to meet the special requirements of some special equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to research and manufacture new materials whose performance is different from the performance of steel gas cylinder and replace steel gas cylinder with the new materials, in order to meet the different demand in every field. With the continuous development of materials science of our country, some new materials and new technologies are researched and applied continuously. To design the rational manufacturing process by analyzing and researching the performance and technology of these new materials can meet the new requirements of new type of special equipment for explosion suppression fire extinguisher and improve the protective ability of special equipment.

Residual Stress Analysis of Austenitic Steel Designed for Nuclear Energetics in Surface Layers

2016 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Czan ◽  
Michal Sajgalik ◽  
Anton Martikan ◽  
Viktor Kuzdak
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Steel Sample ◽  
Stainless Steel Sample ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Measured Sample ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Monitoring of residual stresses in components can be useful in predicting damage incidences caused by workload over lifetime of components. Non-destructive measuring and evaluation of residual stresses and chemical properties of stainless steel sample and its possibility to affect functional properties of the material by using the X-ray diffraction has some advantages. Measured sample or part does not require special preparation or destruction and so it is capable to operate after measuring. This method also determines orientation of residual stress, so it is possible to identify absolute values of shear and normal stress with high accuracy.

scholarly journals Triaxial Measurement Method for Analysis of Residual Stress after High Feed Milling by X-Ray Diffraction

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Andrej Czan ◽  
Lucia Zauskova ◽  
Michal Sajgalik ◽  
Mario Drbul
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Cartesian Coordinate ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract Surface integrity is a broad term which includes various quality factors affecting the functional properties of parts. Residual stress is one of these factors. Machining generates residual stresses in the surface and subsurface layers of the structural elements. X-ray diffractometry is a non-destructive method applicable for the measurement of residual stresses in surface and subsurface layers of components. The article is focused on the non-destructive progressive method of triaxial measurement of residual stress after machining the surface of sample by high feed milling technology. Significance of triaxial measuring is the capability of measuring in different angles so it is possible to acquire stress tensor containing normal and shear stress components acting in the spot of measuring, using a Cartesian coordinate system.

scholarly journals A Review on Measurement Methods for Machining Induced Residual Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saptaji ◽  
S. N. Afiqah ◽  
R. D. Ramdan
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Mechanical Machining ◽  
Non Destructive

The chip formation in mechanical machining / cutting process involves thermal loading and mechanical loading in the form of large plastic deformations, high strain, strain rates and high temperatures in the cutting zone. These loadings usually induce plastic deformation in the form of residual stresses in the surface and sub-surface of the machined workpiece. Residual stress issue is essential to be studied in order to control the quality and fatigue life of a component or part produced by machining process. Therefore, the magnitude and depth of the residual stresses into the workpiece sub-surface is important and necessary to be measured. The objective of this paper is to discuss various study on the effects of machining parameters on residual stress and residual stress measurement methods for machined workpiece namely non-destructive, semi-destructive and destructive methods. In addition, the effect of machining process into the metallurgical conditions of the workpiece in the form of microstructural changes is also discussed.

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