Coffee Husks Characterization for the Fast Pyrolysis Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Lucas Tibola ◽  
Tiago José Pires de Oliveira ◽  
Wender Santana Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Henrique Ataíde ◽  
Cássia Regina Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Added Value ◽  
True Density ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Analytical Pyrolysis ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Bio Oil

The lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable alternative for fossil fuels. The extensive cultivation of coffee grounds in Brazil generates a large amount of residues, as coffee husks. The work aimed at performing the coffee husks characterization, investigating the viability for fast pyrolysis application. Coffee husks were dried, grinded in a knives mill and sieved using a mechanical sieving; different vibration frequencies and times were used to evaluate the effect of these variables in the size distribution. The true density was inferred for three distinct size ranges of the coffee husks, using a helium pycnometer. Proximate and ultimate analyses were performed. The analytical pyrolysis was realized at 550°C, using a micro pyrolyzer (CDS 5200), vapors was identified by a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer (GC-MS QP 2010 plus, Shimadzu). The influence of the particles irregular shape was evidenced in the results of size distribution. The values of true density were around 1.5 g/cm3. The smaller the particle size, the higher the true density of the sample. Coffee husks can be used to generate high added value compounds: 1,3 pentadiene, limonene and n-hexadecanoic acid. Considering the use of coffee husks bio-oil as a fuel, results indicated that the bio-oil will present high calorific value, important acidity and smaller increases in viscosity and molecular weight if compared to the bio-oil of other lignocellulosic materials.

Steam Reforming of Biomass Pyrolysis Oil: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adewale George Adeniyi ◽  
Kevin Shegun Otoikhian ◽  
Joshua O. Ighalo
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Process Variable ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Economic Analyses

Abstract The steam reforming of biomass pyrolysis oil is a well-established means of producing the more useful bio-hydrogen. Bio-oil has a comparatively low heating value, incomplete volatility and acidity, hence upgrading to a more useful product is required. Over the years, the experimental conditions of the process have been studied extensively in the domain of catalysis and process variable optimisation. Sorption enhancement is now being applied to the system to improve the purity of the hydrogen stream. Lifecycle analyses has revealed that bio-hydrogen offers considerable reductions in energy consumption compared to fossil fuel-derived hydrogen. Also, green-house-gas savings from the process can also be as high as 54.5 %. Unfortunately, techno-economic analyses have elucidated that bio-hydrogen production is still hampered by high production costs. Research endeavours in steam reforming of biomass bio-oil is done with an eye for developing added value products that can complement, substitute (and one day replace) fossil fuels whilst ameliorating the global warming menace.

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of the Bio-Oil Obtained by the Fast Pyrolysis of Spent Coffee Grounds of the Soluble Coffee Industry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Krause ◽  
Adriana Moitinho ◽  
Luiz Fernando Ferreira ◽  
Ranyere de Souza ◽  
Laiza Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Soluble Coffee

scholarly journals Energy Utilization of Spent Coffee Grounds in the Form of Pellets

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radovan Nosek ◽  
Maw Maw Tun ◽  
Dagmar Juchelkova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Conservation Of Natural Resources

Nowadays it is important to limit the use and combustion of fossil fuels such as oil and coal. There is a need to create environmentally acceptable projects that can reduce or even stop greenhouse gas emissions. In this article, we dealt with the objectives of energy policy with regard to environmental protection, waste utilization, and conservation of natural resources. The main objective of the research was to assess the possibility of the use of spent coffee grounds (SCG) as fuel. As a part of the solution, the processing of coffee waste in the form of pellets, analysis of calorific value and combustion in the boiler were proposed. The experiments were done with four samples of pellets. These samples were made from a mixture of wood sawdust and spent coffee grounds with ratio 30:70 (wood sawdust: spent coffee grounds), 40:60, 50:50 and 100% of spent coffee grounds. The calorific values were compared with wood sawdust pellets (17.15 MJ.kg−1) and the best lower calorific value of 21.08 MJ.kg−1 was measured for 100% of spent coffee grounds. This sample did not achieve the desired performance during the combustion in the boiler due to the low strength of the sample.

scholarly journals Thermo-Catalytic Reforming of spent coffee grounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elmously ◽  
Nils Jäger ◽  
Andreas Apfelbacher ◽  
Robert Daschner ◽  
Andreas Hornung
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Catalytic Reforming ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Intermediate Pyrolysis

AbstractConversion of spent coffee grounds through the Thermo-Catalytic Reforming system (TCR®) is evaluated in this study. While, the TCR® is a technology that has been developed by Fraunhofer UMSICHT, which combines an intermediate pyrolysis and a catalytic reforming. The temperature of the catalytic reformer is varied between 500 and 700 °C to achieve an optimum yield quantities and qualities of the products. The hydrogen concentration is maximized at a reforming temperature of 700 °C, and a gas yield up to 52 wt% is achieved. The thermal stable bio-oil produced at 700 °C has the highest calorific value of 36.8 MJ/kg with significantly low oxygen and water content, low viscosity and low TAN (total acid number). Furthermore, the maximum bio-oil and char yields are obtained at the lowest reforming temperature of 500 °C. Overall spent coffee grounds show a great potential as feedstock in the Thermo-Catalytic Reforming for energy and bio-chemicals production.

Insecticidal and bactericidal characteristics of the bio-oil from the fast pyrolysis of coffee grounds

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Bedmutha ◽  
Christina J. Booker ◽  
Lorenzo Ferrante ◽  
Cedric Briens ◽  
Franco Berruti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Bio Oil

scholarly journals Advances in the Pyrolysis Process and the Generation of Bioenergy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittor Rodrigues Santos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Thermochemical Process ◽  
Agroindustrial Waste ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Reactor Types

The reduction of environmental impacts caused by emissions of greenhouse gases has become an internationalized goal. In this context the development of technologies capable of producing energy from clean or renewable sources has gained broad prominence, among them the fast pyrolysis is a type of thermochemical process capable of converting biomass and agroindustrial waste into a liquid product called bio-oil that has a wide range of applications in the bioenergy scenario. For this type of technology to be consolidated as an alternative source of renewable energy, economic, political and environmental incentives are necessary, as well as research development to improve the conversion processes, such as reactor types, logistics in obtaining and pre-treating potential biomass, improvement and conversion routes for bio-oil obtained in renewable biofuels or chemicals with higher added value. This chapter covers the fundamentals of thermal conversion of biomass into bio-oil and the most studied processes to convert bio-oil into a product with better properties, such as deoxygenation and energy densification.

Biomass fast pyrolysis in screw reactors: Prediction of spent coffee grounds bio-oil production through a monodimensional model

2018 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Codignole Luz ◽  
Stefano Cordiner ◽  
Alessandro Manni ◽  
Vincenzo Mulone ◽  
Vittorio Rocco
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Biomass Fast Pyrolysis

Recent Development of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Technology and Bio-Oil Upgrading: An Overview

2014 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Suhada Ab Rasid ◽  
M. Asadullah
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Current Status ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass ◽  
Biomass Fast Pyrolysis

The increasing demand of energy has led to the development of renewable energy in order to mitigate the dependency of fossil fuels. Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of the most anticipated renewable energy technologies since it has a huge potential to become the efficient, environmentally sustainable, and cost effective technology for energy. Fast pyrolysis process produces liquid bio-oil as a main product, along with solid char and combustible gas. Bio-oil can be utilized for heat and power generation as well as it can be used as a feedstock for pure chemicals production. Over the last decades, numerous researches have been conducted in order to develop the process in terms of reactor design and process optimization in order to achieve the high yield of liquid with high organics and less water content. The aim of this review is to provide the state of the art on fast pyrolysis of biomass with some suggestions presented on upgrading the bio-oil. Based on the recent reactor configurations, current status of biomass fast pyrolysis in commercial scale around the world, the fuel and chemical characteristic of bio-oil compared to the conventional fossil fuels, and the potential application of bio-oil in the future, some recommendations are proposed.

scholarly journals Using Waste Heat to Dry RDF: a Technical and Environmental Assessment of the Low Temperature Belt Dryer Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Sandro Conceição ◽  
João Rolim
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cement Plant ◽  
Main Burner

In 2015, the Portuguese cement production company Cimpor modified the alternative fuel supply operation of refuse derived fuel (RDF) co-processing in the main burner of one of its cement kilns in Souselas. This modification resulted in the installation of an RDF drying unit with low temperature belt dryer (LTBD) technology that uses cascading energy available in Souselas cement plant. Implementation of the dryer project improves production and efficiency of the industrial process, while also resulting in environmental benefits as it decreases moisture and increases the lower calorific value of RDF, improving its quality. This paper intended to determine these environmental benefits and the added value that the project brings to the industry by presenting an energy balance and environmental assessment. This methodology allowed to compare the use of available heat as an energy source for the dryer instead of fossil fuels, such as natural gas or coal, which concluded that the waste heat available at the cement plant for the dryer would allow the saving of 75 to 84 kg of CO2-eq per tonne of wet RDF to be dried. Projects such as this one may greatly help address the main barriers of using RDF from municipal solid waste and other waste streams with high moisture content. 

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