scholarly journals Advances in the Pyrolysis Process and the Generation of Bioenergy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittor Rodrigues Santos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Thermochemical Process ◽  
Agroindustrial Waste ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Reactor Types

The reduction of environmental impacts caused by emissions of greenhouse gases has become an internationalized goal. In this context the development of technologies capable of producing energy from clean or renewable sources has gained broad prominence, among them the fast pyrolysis is a type of thermochemical process capable of converting biomass and agroindustrial waste into a liquid product called bio-oil that has a wide range of applications in the bioenergy scenario. For this type of technology to be consolidated as an alternative source of renewable energy, economic, political and environmental incentives are necessary, as well as research development to improve the conversion processes, such as reactor types, logistics in obtaining and pre-treating potential biomass, improvement and conversion routes for bio-oil obtained in renewable biofuels or chemicals with higher added value. This chapter covers the fundamentals of thermal conversion of biomass into bio-oil and the most studied processes to convert bio-oil into a product with better properties, such as deoxygenation and energy densification.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FAST PYROLYSIS WITH TEMPERATURE ON GAS, CHAR AND BIO-OIL PRODUCTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (26) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Marcos Antônio KLUNK ◽  
Sudipta DASGUPTA ◽  
Mohuli DAS
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heat Transfer ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Rice husk is among the products that stand out in use, and it is used as an alternative source of energy. The use of rice husk as biomass in the feeding of pyrolytic reactors for power generation and chemical products can reduce the environmental problem destination of this waste. The advantages of this process are in the proper disposal of this waste and energy generation. Fast pyrolysis of the rice husk was carried out in temperatures of 400-600°C. This work aims to evaluate the influence of temperature on yield and product composition of the gas, bio-oil, and char. The yield of bio-oil proved to be efficient (62 wt.% at 450°C) due to the high heat transfer and mass, as well as the residence time in the reactor. In addition, bio-oil production decreases slightly due to increased gas yield (1 to 15 wt.%) as the temperature increases in the range of 400-600°C, with the composition being severely affected, i.e., The concentration of CO increases and that of CO2 decreases. In addition, a slight increase in the concentration of CH4 and C2-C4 hydrocarbons occurs with increasing temperature. The yield of char at 400°C and 600°C was 41.14-34.77 wt.%, respectively, corresponding to a decrease of 16 wt.%. The char obtained is of low heating value but has good features for the production of active carbons and amorphous silica. These results demonstrate the efficiency and optimization of the fast pyrolysis of rice husk, in order to obtain biooil and char.

scholarly journals Biomass fast pyrolysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Bridgewater
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Financial Cost ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Energy Processes

Bioenergy is now accepted as having the potential to provide the major part of the projected renewable energy provisions of the future. Fast pyrolysis is one of the three main thermal routes, with gasification and combustion, to providing a useful and valuable biofuel. It is one of the most recent renewable energy processes to have been introduced and offers the advantages of a liquid product bio-oil that can be readily stored and trans ported, and used as a fuel, an energy carrier and a source of chemicals. Fast pyrolysis has now achieved commercial success for production of some chemicals, liquid fuel and electricity. Bio-oils have been success fully tested in engines turbines and boilers, and have been upgraded to high quality hydrocarbon fuels although at a presently unacceptable energetic and financial cost. This review concentrates on the technology of pyrolysis and applications for the liquid product. The basic pyrolysis process and the characteristics of the main liquid product bio-oil are first summarized followed by a review of applications for bio-oil. The main technical and non-technical barriers to implementation are identified.

A Review of Bio-Oil Upgrading by Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nga Tran ◽  
Yoshimitsu Uemura ◽  
Sujan Chowdhury ◽  
Anita Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Catalyst Efficiency

Fast pyrolysis is an attractive thermal conversion process to generate the alternative liquid fuel. However, the bio-oil obtained from biomass pyrolysis has polarity, instability and low energy density due to contained oxygenated compound. Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) process is the most promising route for bio-oil upgrading through oxygen elimination. The products are suitable for co-feeding into the existing refineries. Metal catalyst and operating conditions play an important role in HDO efficiency. A summary of HDO process has been conducted with various metal catalysts, type of reactors, and reaction mechanisms. It also raises some challenges in improving catalyst efficiency, reducing hydrogen consumption, and effort to understand the HDO kinetics.

Catalysts in Biomass Pyrolysis: A Brief Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 428-432
Author(s):  
Shun Tan ◽  
Zhi Jun Zhang ◽  
Jian Ping Sun ◽  
Qing Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals

Biomass can be converted to a variety of fuels and chemicals by different technologies, one of them is fast pyrolysis which offers a convenient way to convert biomass mainly into a liquid product known as bio-oil. Bio-oils must be upgraded if they are to be used as a replacement for diesel and gasoline fuels. This review presents a summary of recent research in catalysts which were used in biomass pyrolysis, focusing on the catalysts applied, upgrading methods and reaction mechanisms.

scholarly journals Production of Bio-oil through Fast Pyrolysis of Baobab Waste Shells

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Asmaa Ali Mohammed Ali ◽  
Mustafa Abbas Mustafa ◽  
Kamal Eldin Eltayeb Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquid Yield

The increasing demand for transportation fuel, due to increased urbanization, is now compounded by depleting and unstable crude oil reserves. Furthermore, the volatile market and the negative environmental impact of fossil fuels have driven the usage of biomass as a potential energy source. Of particular interest are biomass waste and baobab shells present an interesting option. The objective of this study is to produce bio oil by a fast pyrolysis process from baobab shells. The effect of reaction temperature, biomass particle size and fluidizing gas flow rate on the liquid product yield are investigated. The maximum liquid yield obtained was 36.6% at 500 OC at a N2 gas flowrate of 11.6 l/min and a particle size of less than 0.5 mm.

scholarly journals Perspective Use of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil (FPBO) in Maritime Transport: The Case of Brazil

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4779
Author(s):  
Luís Cortez ◽  
Telma Teixeira Franco ◽  
Gustavo Valença ◽  
Frank Rosillo-Calle
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
Diesel Cycle ◽  
Reduce Emissions

The maritime transportation sector (MTS) is undertaking a major global effort to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), e.g., sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and the concentration of particulates in suspension. Substantial investment is necessary to develop alternative sustainable fuels, engines, and fuel modifications. The alternative fuels considered in this study include liquified natural gas, nuclear energy, hydrogen, electricity, and biofuels. This paper focuses on biofuels, in particular fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO), a serious partial alternative in MTS. There are some drawbacks, e.g., biofuels usually require land necessary to produce the feedstock and the chemical compatibility of the resulting biofuel with current engines in MTS. The demand for sustainable feedstock production for MTS can be overcome by using cellulose-based and agroforestry residues, which do not compete with food production and can be obtained in large quantities and at a reasonably low cost. The compatibility of biofuels with either bunker fuel or diesel cycle engines can also be solved by upgrading biofuels, adjusting the refining process, or modifying the engine itself. The paper examines the possibilities presented by biofuels, focusing on FPBO in Brazil, for MTS. The key issues investigated include FPBO, production, and end use of feedstocks and the most promising alternatives; thermal conversion technologies; potential applications of FPBO in Brazil; sustainability; biofuels properties; fuels under consideration in MTS, challenges, and opportunities in a rapidly changing maritime fuel sector. Although the focus is on Brazil, the findings of this paper can be replicated in many other parts of the world.

Efficient utilization of crude bio-oil: synthesizing of nitrogen-doped hierarchically porous carbons as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahuan Xu ◽  
Beichen Xue ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Chunlin Xia ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Product ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Porous Carbons ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Efficient Utilization ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Hierarchically Porous ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Bio Oil

Bio-oil, the unavoidable liquid product of the thermal conversion of biomass, shows high carbon content and aromatic compounds to be a promising carbon precursor. Herein, nitrogen-doped hierarchically porous carbons (NHPCs)...

Energia da Biomassa: termoconversão e seus produtos

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisiane dos Santos Freitas ◽  
Roberta Menezes Santos ◽  
Diego Fonseca Bispo ◽  
Thainara Bovo Massa ◽  
Thiago Vinícius Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Thermochemical Process ◽  
Bio Oil

In this book, the authors briefly present a description of the main pyrolysis process, the pretreatment of biomass, the characteristics of biomass, and pyrolysis products through an upgraded methods and its application. The book is divided into ten chapters dedicated to showing the potential of the thermochemical process to convert biomass into biogas, bio-oil, pyrolysis water, and biochar, which are products that can be used as intermediates in the chemical industry, in agriculture, or as biofuels. The critical knowledge of the characteristics of the biomass and possible pretreatment methods before pyrolysis can be used to help determine the routes to obtain products with superior economic value. The main types of thermal conversion, the technologies, reactors, and catalyst used to upgrade the bio-oil into biofuels, is presented is a didactic form. The characterization of classic and new techniques is addressed in order to clarify the main information obtained about the chemical characteristics of biomass and pyrolysis products. The content also shows the importance and main applications of pyrolysis products for the economy and the environment.

Coffee Husks Characterization for the Fast Pyrolysis Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Lucas Tibola ◽  
Tiago José Pires de Oliveira ◽  
Wender Santana Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Henrique Ataíde ◽  
Cássia Regina Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Added Value ◽  
True Density ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Analytical Pyrolysis ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Bio Oil

The lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable alternative for fossil fuels. The extensive cultivation of coffee grounds in Brazil generates a large amount of residues, as coffee husks. The work aimed at performing the coffee husks characterization, investigating the viability for fast pyrolysis application. Coffee husks were dried, grinded in a knives mill and sieved using a mechanical sieving; different vibration frequencies and times were used to evaluate the effect of these variables in the size distribution. The true density was inferred for three distinct size ranges of the coffee husks, using a helium pycnometer. Proximate and ultimate analyses were performed. The analytical pyrolysis was realized at 550°C, using a micro pyrolyzer (CDS 5200), vapors was identified by a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer (GC-MS QP 2010 plus, Shimadzu). The influence of the particles irregular shape was evidenced in the results of size distribution. The values of true density were around 1.5 g/cm3. The smaller the particle size, the higher the true density of the sample. Coffee husks can be used to generate high added value compounds: 1,3 pentadiene, limonene and n-hexadecanoic acid. Considering the use of coffee husks bio-oil as a fuel, results indicated that the bio-oil will present high calorific value, important acidity and smaller increases in viscosity and molecular weight if compared to the bio-oil of other lignocellulosic materials.

Fuel Characterization of Bio-oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Tectona grandis in a Fixed Bed Reactor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pious Okekunle ◽  
Akinola Ogunsola ◽  
Oluwapelumi Babayemi ◽  
Emmanuel Abodunrin ◽  
Olanrewaju Daramola
Keyword(s):  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Fuel Characterization
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document