Steam Reforming of Biomass Pyrolysis Oil: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adewale George Adeniyi ◽  
Kevin Shegun Otoikhian ◽  
Joshua O. Ighalo
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Process Variable ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Economic Analyses

Abstract The steam reforming of biomass pyrolysis oil is a well-established means of producing the more useful bio-hydrogen. Bio-oil has a comparatively low heating value, incomplete volatility and acidity, hence upgrading to a more useful product is required. Over the years, the experimental conditions of the process have been studied extensively in the domain of catalysis and process variable optimisation. Sorption enhancement is now being applied to the system to improve the purity of the hydrogen stream. Lifecycle analyses has revealed that bio-hydrogen offers considerable reductions in energy consumption compared to fossil fuel-derived hydrogen. Also, green-house-gas savings from the process can also be as high as 54.5 %. Unfortunately, techno-economic analyses have elucidated that bio-hydrogen production is still hampered by high production costs. Research endeavours in steam reforming of biomass bio-oil is done with an eye for developing added value products that can complement, substitute (and one day replace) fossil fuels whilst ameliorating the global warming menace.

scholarly journals Comparative study on the catalytic steam reforming of biomass pyrolysis oil and its derivatives for hydrogen production

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 12721-12729
Author(s):  
Peng Fu ◽  
Andong Zhang ◽  
Shan Luo ◽  
Weiming Yi ◽  
Yuchun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming

Evolution of H2, CO, CO2 and CH4 during catalytic steam reforming of the bio-oil and its different derivatives was revealed.

scholarly journals Performance of bitumen coating sheet using biomass pyrolysis oil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanru Ren ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Wenfeng Duan ◽  
Jia Guo ◽  
Zhongqiang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Good Adhesion ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Green Production ◽  
Hot Melt

ABSTRACTThe “green” production of bitumen has raised increasing interest in recent years to reduce the environmental, energy and petro-based concerns. Bio-oil, prepared by biomass pyrolysis, can be used as substitute for petro-based bitumen in bitumen or bitumen-based coatings, for its similar properties of good adhesion and anti-corrosion characteristics. Although biomass is a renewable and widespread chemicals resource, its value-added utilization is still difficult. Several studies have qualitatively demonstrated the use of bio-bitumen in practical applications. The present study investigates the effects and properties and the incorporation of bio-bitumen shown to improve the performance of traditional petro-bitumen to some extent. Bio-bitumen was prepared from biomass pyrolysis oil and applied to self-adhesive and doped hot-melt sheets. Resulting physical properties demonstrate that bio-bitumen is a potential substitute in bitumen coating sheet.IMPLICATIONSThis paper is intended to verify the effect of pyrolyzed bio-oil from wheat straw on the performance of bitumen, as well as the feasibility of application in the coating sheet. Up to now, the research on bio-bitumen is mainly in pavement bitumen. In the present research, bio-bitumen was applied to the coating sheet in different proportions. Interestingly, the prepared coating sheet exhibited higher adhesion. Other performances, such as temperature stability, mechanical strength and temperature flexibility of coating sheet showed improvement in the presence of bio- oil, which indicated the suitability of bio-oil in coating sheet bitumen.

scholarly journals Techno-Economical Evaluation of Bio-Oil Production via Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Process: A Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrar Inayat ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmed ◽  
Rumaisa Tariq ◽  
Ammara Waris ◽  
Farrukh Jamil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Energy Integration ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Integration Strategy ◽  
Economical Evaluation ◽  
Bio Oil

Biomass pyrolysis is one of the beneficial sources of the production of sustainable bio-oil. Currently, marketable bio-oil plants are scarce because of the complex operations and lower profits. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehend the relationship between technological parameters and economic practicality. This review outlines the technical and economical routine to produce bio-oils from various biomass by fast pyrolysis. Explicit pointers were compared, such as production cost, capacity, and biomass type for bio-oil production. The bio-oil production cost is crucial for evaluating the market compatibility with other biofuels available. Different pretreatments, upgrades and recycling processes influenced production costs. Using an energy integration strategy, it is possible to produce bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis. The findings of this study might lead to bio-oil industry-related research aimed at commercializing the product.

scholarly journals Steam Reforming of Model Bio-Oil Aqueous Fraction Using Ni-(Cu, Co, Cr)/SBA-15 Catalysts

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 512 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Calles ◽  
Alicia Carrero ◽  
Arturo J. Vizcaíno ◽  
Lourdes García-Moreno ◽  
Pedro J. Megía
Keyword(s):  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Coke Deposition ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Carbon Filaments

Hydrogen obtained from biomass derivatives is considered a promising alternative to fossil fuels. The aim of this work is to test the viability of Ni-M/SBA-15 (M: Co, Cu, Cr) catalysts for the hydrogen production from bio-oil aqueous fraction reforming. Tests were performed in a fixed-bed reactor at 600 °C and atmospheric pressure. Firstly, the steam reforming (SR) of acetic acid, hydroxyacetone, furfural and phenol, as representative constituents of the bio-oil aqueous fraction, was carried out. Lower reactivity with increasing carbon number and decreasing steam-to-carbon ratio was observed. Coking rate during SR is a consequence of carbon number and aromaticity of the reactant, as well as the steam-to-carbon ratio. However, deactivation also depends on the graphitization degree of carbon filaments, higher in the case of coke formed from phenol. Then, the performance of the Ni-M/SBA-15 catalysts was studied in the reforming of a bio-oil aqueous fraction surrogate containing the four model compounds. Ni-Co/SBA-15 and Ni-Cr/SBA-15 samples were the most active because Co also catalyze the steam reforming reactions and Cr promotes the formation of very small Ni crystallites accounting for high conversion and the low coke deposition (~8 times lower than Ni/SBA-15) in the form of poorly condensed carbon filaments.

scholarly journals Upgrading of Oils from Biomass and Waste: Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1381
Author(s):  
Mai Attia ◽  
Sherif Farag ◽  
Jamal Chaouki
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Bio Oil

The continuous demand for fossil fuels has directed significant attention to developing new fuel sources to replace nonrenewable fossil fuels. Biomass and waste are suitable resources to produce proper alternative fuels instead of nonrenewable fuels. Upgrading bio-oil produced from biomass and waste pyrolysis is essential to be used as an alternative to nonrenewable fuel. The high oxygen content in the biomass and waste pyrolysis oil creates several undesirable properties in the oil, such as low energy density, instability that leads to polymerization, high viscosity, and corrosion on contact surfaces during storage and transportation. Therefore, various upgrading techniques have been developed for bio-oil upgrading, and several are introduced herein, with a focus on the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) technique. Different oxygenated compounds were collected in this review, and the main issue caused by the high oxygen contents is discussed. Different groups of catalysts that have been applied in the literature for the HDO are presented. The HDO of various lignin-derived oxygenates and carbohydrate-derived oxygenates from the literature is summarized, and their mechanisms are presented. The catalyst’s deactivation and coke formation are discussed, and the techno-economic analysis of HDO is summarized. A promising technique for the HDO process using the microwave heating technique is proposed. A comparison between microwave heating versus conventional heating shows the benefits of applying the microwave heating technique. Finally, how the microwave can work to enhance the HDO process is presented.

Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Steam Reforming of Model Compounds of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Oil

2010 ◽  
Vol 1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lan ◽  
Q. L. Xu ◽  
L. H. Lan ◽  
Y. J. Yan ◽  
J. A. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Liquid Hourly Space Velocity ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming

AbstractA Ni/MgO-La2O3-Al2O3 catalyst with Ni as active component, Al2O3 as support, MgO and La2O3 as additives was prepared and its catalytic activity was evaluated in the process of hydrogen production from catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil. In the catalytic evaluation, some typical components present in bio-oil such as acetic acid, butanol, furfural, cyclopentanone and m-cresol were mixed following a certain proportion as model compounds. Reaction parameters like temperature, steam to carbon molar ratio and liquid hourly space velocity were studied with hydrogen yield as index. The optimal reaction conditions were obtained as follows: temperature 750-850 °C, steam to carbon molar ratio 5-9, liquid hourly space velocity 1.5-2.5 h-1. The maximum hydrogen yield was 88.14%. The carbon deposits were formed on the catalyst surface but its content decreased as reaction temperature increased in the bio-oil steam reforming process.

scholarly journals Production and characterization of bio-oil from catalytic biomass pyrolysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Antonakou ◽  
Vasilios Dimitropoulos ◽  
Angelos Lappas
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Inert Material ◽  
Biomass Pyrolysis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Flash Pyrolysis ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Riser Reactor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bio Oil

Biomass flash pyrolysis is a very promising thermochemical process for the production of bio-fuels and/or chemicals. However, large-scale applications are still under careful consideration, because of the high bio-liquid upgrading cost. In this paper the production of bio-liquids from biomass flash pyrolysis in a single stage catalytic process is being investigated using a novel once through fluid bed reactor. This biomass pyrolysis unit was constructed in Chemical Process Engineering Research Institute and comprises of a catalyst regenerator, a biomass-vibrating hopper, a fluidization reactor (that consists of an injector and a riser reactor), a product stripper along with a hot cyclone and a filter housing and finally a product condensation/recovery section. The unit can process up to 20 g/min. of biomass (50-800 mm) and can circulate up to 300 g/min. of catalyst or inert material. The experiments performed in the pilot plant showed that the unit operates without problems and with satisfactory mass balances in a wide range of experimental conditions both in the absence and presence of catalyst. With the incorporation of an FCC catalyst in the pyrolysis, the physical properties of the bio-oil produced changed, while more stable bio-oil was produced. .

scholarly journals Techno-economic analysis: Preliminary assessment of pyrolysis oil production costs and material energy balance associated with a transportable fast pyrolysis system

BioResources ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Phil Badger ◽  
Scott Badger ◽  
Maureen Puettmann ◽  
Philip Steele ◽  
Jerome Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pine Wood Chips ◽  
The Cost

A techno-economic analysis was performed for a 100 dry-ton/day (90,719 kg/day) fast pyrolysis transportable plant. Renewable Oil International® LLC provided the life cycle cost of operating a 100 dry-ton/day fast pyrolysis system using southern pine wood chips as feedstock. Since data was not available from an actual large-scale plant, the study examined data obtained from an actual 15 dry-ton/day pilot plant and from several smaller plants. These data were used to obtain base figures to aid in the development of models to generate scaled-up costs for a larger 100 dry-ton/day facility. Bio-oil represented 60% of mass of product yield. The cost for the bio-oil from fast pyrolysis was valued at $0.94/gal. Energy cost bio-oil and char was valued at $6.35/MMBTU. Costs associated with purchasing feedstocks can drastically influence the final cost of the bio-oil. The assumed cost of feedstocks was $25/wet ton or $50/dry ton. This paper is part of a larger study investigating the economic and environmental impacts for producing bio-oil / biocide wood preservatives.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document