Parametric Studies on TIG Welding of 316L Stainless Steel by RSM and TLBO

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 744-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhash Chandra Moi ◽  
Ramesh Rudrapati ◽  
Asish Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Pradip Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Welding Operation ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Contour Plots

Present study is planned to analyze the effects of welding process parameters on quality characteristics of TIG welded 316L austenitic stainless steels (ASS). The input parameters considered in the study are: welding current, speed and gas flow rate. Butt-joints of ASS sheets have been made as per Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology (RSM). After welding operation, tensile tests have been conducted on welded samples and observations of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) has been noted. Mathematical modeling has been made to relate the input parameters and output response by RSM. Teaching leaning-based optimization (TLBO) approach has been used to optimize the UTS. The influences of input welding parameters on UTS has been studied and analyzed through contour plots. Confirmatory tests have been conducted to validate the predicted parametric condition obtained by integrated RSM and TLBO. From the study, it is found that RSM and TLBO is efficient to maximize UTS in TIG welding operation.

INVESTIGATION OF TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF TIG WELDED 316 STAINLESS STEEL USING TAGUCHI TECHNIQUES

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthimani T ◽  
Babu N
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Taguchi Technique

This works aims at the analysis and optimization of joining similar grades of stainless steel by TIG welding. TIG welding may use a filler material. There is a variant in the process which does not require filler material. Such process is known as Autogenous TIG welding process. The parameters like current, welding speed and gas flow rate are the variables in the study. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of various welding parameters on the weld bead of 316 SS by using Taguchi technique. A plan of experiments based on Taguchi technique method has been carried out. Orthogonal array, signal to noise (S/N) Ratio, Analysis of variance (ANOVA) are employed for studying the welding characteristics of material & to optimize the weld parameters. The result obtained are the output from each parameter, through which optimal parameters are found out for maximum tensile strength. It is found that -welding current followed by welding speed are major parameters influencing mechanical properties of welded joint

scholarly journals Comparison between PCA analysis and Grey based Taguchi analysis of TIG welding process parameters on Duplex stainless steel

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Sandip Mondal ◽  
Goutam Nandi ◽  
Pradip Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Welding Quality

Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding on Duplex stainless steel (DSS) is more easy, comfortable and useful, if the process is precisely understood and controlled through development of the science & technology. TIG welding on DSS has been performed with the help of specific controlled welding process parameters. Welding quality has been strongly depended on these process parameters. In this study, some valuable welding parameters are chosen. These are welding current, shielding gas flow rate and speed of welding. These process parameters of TIG welding for ASTM/UNS 2205 DSS welds are optimized by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method and Grey based Taguchi’s L9 Orthogonal array (OA) experimental plan with the conception of signal to noise ratio (N/S). After that, compression results of above mentioned two analyses of TIG welding process parameters have been calculated. The quality of the TIG welding on DSS has been evaluated in term of ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and percentage of elongation. Compression results of both analyses indicate application feasibility for continuous improvement of welding quality on DSS in different components of chemical, oil and gas industries.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of TIG Welded Inconel–718 Alloy for Different Heat Input Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.6) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
P Jerold Jose ◽  
M Dev Anand
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Inconel 718 Alloy ◽  
Weld Joints ◽  
Welding Heat Input

In this research, the effects of heat input on tensile properties and microstructure were investigated for super alloy Inconel-718 sheets weld by Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding process. The tensile properties and microstructure of weld joints were evaluated. The experiment was conducted with six different combinations of welding parameters like welding current, voltage and welding speed, which were give in six different welding heat input combinations of welding parameters. The experimental results shows that the welding joints weld with low welding heat input was yield higher tensile properties. From the experimentation it was understand that the tensile properties increases when the welding heat input decrease. Drastic grain coarsening was evidenced when the heat input was increases. For the weld joints experimented in this research it was also observed that amount of laves phase was increased with increase in the welding heat input which is the major fact for noticeable variation in the ultimate tensile strength of the weld joints welded by TIG welding process with different welding heat input. 

Effects of the Process Parameters on Beads by Plasma Arc Welding of the Membrane for LNG Ships

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Kim ◽  
Y.R. Son ◽  
J.O. Yun ◽  
Jeong Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Plasma Welding ◽  
Lap Welding ◽  
Etched Surface ◽  
Membrane Sheet

The membrane, which forms the primary barrier of the cargo tank onboard LNG carrier, is made of corrugated sheets, angle pieces and sealing caps and so on. These components are manufactured from SUS 304L sheets of 1.2mm thickness and assembled by the plasma welding. There are several welding defects such as overlap, excessive convexity, excessive concavity of weld and incomplete inclusion in the plasma welding. These unacceptable portions of the weld should be removed and repaired in order to prevent propagation of the defects. So a study is undertaken to determine the optimum process parameters such as the welding current, traveling speed, gas flow rates and frequency in the plasma lap welding process for LNG ships in order to prevent these defects. The polished and etched surface of the welded membrane sheet is examined if the cross section shows a properly made weld. And the tensile tests are conducted to consider if the tensile strength is less than the minimum required for the parent metal of the membrane sheet.

scholarly journals Effect of welding sequence and welding current on distortion, mechanical properties and metallurgical observations of orbital pipe welding on SS 316L

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (12 (110)) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Agus Widyianto ◽  
Ario Sunar Baskoro ◽  
Gandjar Kiswanto ◽  
Muhamad Fathin Ginanjar Ganeswara
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
Welding Sequence ◽  
Pipe Welding

Orbital pipe welding was often used to manufacture piping systems. In orbital pipe welding, a major challenge is the welding torch’s position during the welding process, so that additional methods are needed to overcome these challenges. This paper discusses the influence of welding sequence and welding current on distortion, mechanical properties and metallurgical observations in orbital pipe welding with SS 316L pipe square butt joints. The variation of the orbital pipe welding parameters used is welding current and welding sequence. The welding current used is 100 A, 110 A, and 120 A, while the welding sequence used is one sequence, two sequences, three sequences, and four sequences. The welding results will be analyzed from distortion measurement, mechanical properties test and metallurgical observations. Distortion measurements are made on the pipe before welding and after welding. Testing of mechanical properties includes tensile tests and microhardness tests, while metallurgical observations include macrostructure and microstructural observations. The results show that maximum axial distortion, transverse distortion, ovality, and taper occurred at a welding current of 120 A with four sequences of 445 µm, 300 µm, 195 µm, and 275 µm, respectively. The decrease in ultimate tensile strength is 51 % compared to the base metal’s ultimate tensile strength. Horizontal and vertical microhardness tests show that welding with one sequence produces the greatest microhardness value, but there is a decrease in the microhardness value using welding with two to four sequences. Orbital pipe welding results in different depths of penetration at each pipe position. The largest and smallest depth of penetration was 4.11 mm and 1.60 mm, respectively

scholarly journals Optimization of TIG Welding Parameters for the 202 Stainless Steel Using NSGA-II

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Sharma ◽  
◽  
Wathiq Sleam Abduallah ◽  
Manish Garg ◽  
Rahul Dev Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Shielding Gas ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Electrode Diameter ◽  
Weld Region

Tungsten Inert Gas welding is a fusion welding process having very wide industrial applicability. In the present study, an attempt has been made to optimize the input process variables (electrode diameter, shielding gas, gas flow rate, welding current, and groove angle) that affect the output responses, i.e., hardness and tensile strength at weld center of the weld metal SS202. The hardness is measured using Vicker hardness method; however, tensile strength is evaluated by performing tensile test on welded specimens. Taguchi based design of experiments was used for experimental planning, and the results were studied using analysis of variance. The results show that, for tensile strength of the welded specimens, welding current and electrode diameter are the two most significant factors with P values of 0.002 and 0.030 for mean analysis, whereas higher tensile strength was observed when the electrode diameter used was 1.5 mm, shielding gas used was helium, gas flow rate was 15 L/min, welding current was 240A, and a groove angle of 60o was used. Welding current was found to be the most significant factor with a P value of 0.009 leading to a change in hardness at weld region. The hardness at weld region tends to decrease significantly with the increase in welding current from 160-240A. The different shielding gases and groove angle do not show any significant effect on tensile strength and hardness at weld center. These response variables were evaluated at 95% confidence interval, and the confirmation test was performed on suggested optimal process variable. The obtained results were compared with estimated mean value, which were lying within ±5%.

Effect of TIG welding parameters in joining grade 2 pure titanium

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-425
Author(s):  
Murat Sönmez ◽  
Polat Topuz
Keyword(s):  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Titanium Welding ◽  
Current Value ◽  
Tungsten Tip ◽  
A Current

Abstract Grade 2, the most widely used pure titanium in the industry, has high corrosion resistance, excellent ductility, good weldability and is easily machinable. If titanium is exposed to temperatures above 500 °C due to moisture or hydrocarbons in the air, it is susceptible to taking up oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen. This can cause cracks, especially after welding. Therefore, protection of the welding zone from external factors is of great importance during welding. For these reasons, TIG welding is the most widely used method for titanium welding. In this study, Grade 2 pure titanium plates are joined by TIG welding at three (40 A, 60 A and 80 A) current values under the same conditions. For the welding process, 2 wt.-% cerium addition Tungsten tip and high purity (99.99 vol.-%) argon was used as a shielding gas. After a visual inspection of the welded samples, microstructure inspections, macrostructure inspections, hardness measurements, bending tests and tensile tests were performed in accordance with the standards. As a result of the investigations, it was determined that the most suitable current value for the joining of Grade 2 titanium by TIG welding was 60 A.

Optimization of TIG Welding Process Parameters for X70-304L Dissimilar Joint Using Taguchi Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Farid Benlamnouar ◽  
Mohamed Hadji ◽  
Riad Badji ◽  
Nabil Bensaid ◽  
Taher Saadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Dissimilar Joint ◽  
Dissimilar Welding ◽  
Welding Parameter ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Dissimilar Weld

The optimization of mechanical properties of the welded joints requires a statistical approach such as Taguchi experimental designs associated with experimental techniques and laboratory characterizations. The aim of this work is to propose a method of optimization of the mechanical performances of a TIG dissimilar welding of two grades of steels: a high strength low alloy steel X70 and an austenitic stainless steel 304L. The experimental designs were chosen according to the Taguchi method L9. The metallurgical characterization includes optical microscopy, SEM microscopy, EDX analyses and mechanical tests to establish a relationship between welding parameters, microstructures and mechanical behavior in different zones of a dissimilar weld joint. The results showed that the hardness is more strongly related to microstructural evolution than tensile strength of dissimilar joint. It was found that gas flow is the main significant TIG welding parameter affecting dissimilar weld characteristics.

TZM Alloy TIG Welding Process and Microstructure of Welded Joints

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 867-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wang ◽  
Yun Peng Zhang ◽  
Xiao Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flaw Detection ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Weld Bead ◽  
Tig Welding ◽  
Alloy Matrix

In this paper, the effect of welding current of the tungsten inert gas arc (TIG) welding process on weld quality of TZM alloy was investigated and the fracture microstructure and mechanical properties of the welding joints of TZM alloy was analyzed by x-ray flaw detection, metallographic microscopic analysis, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties test. The results indicate that the weld bead with excellent mechanical properties can be obtained using the welding process parameter with the welding current of 210A, welding speed of 4 mm/s and the argon gas flow rate of 8~12 L/min. The microstructure of weld presents the large columnar grains in the center of the weld bead and the equiaxed grains in heat-affected zone instead of the lamellar fiber texture of the TZM alloy matrix, which resulted in the weakened strength of the matrix and the improved plasticity of it.

On-Line Empirical Models for Control of Bead Geometry in Robotic Arc Welding Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 367-372
Author(s):  
Joon Sik Son ◽  
Il Soo Kim ◽  
H.H. Kim ◽  
H.H. Na ◽  
J.H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Seam Tracking ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Bead Geometry ◽  
Time Data ◽  
On Line ◽  
Arc Welding Process

Recently, not only robotic welders have replaced human welders in many welding applications, but also reasonable seam tracking systems are commercially available. However, fully adequate process control systems have not been developed due to a lack of reliable sensors and mathematical models that correlate welding parameters to the bead geometry for the automated welding process. Especially, real-time quality control in automated welding process is an important factor contributing to higher productivity, lower costs and greater reliability of the bead geometry. In this paper, on-line empirical models with experimental results are proposed in order to be applicable for the prediction of bead geometry. For development of the proposed predicting model, an attempt has been made to apply for a several methods. For the more accurate prediction, the prediction variables are first used to the surface temperatures measured using infrared thermometers with the welding parameters (welding current, arc voltage, CTWD and gas flow rate) because the surface temperature are strongly related to the formation of the bead geometry. And the developed model has been carried out a learning each time data acquired.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document