Interfacial Electronic Scattering in Fe/Cr Superlattices

2014 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
Ivan D. Lobov ◽  
Margarita M. Kirillova ◽  
Lazar N. Romashev ◽  
Mikhail A. Milyaev ◽  
Vladimir V. Ustinov
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Scattering Parameters ◽  
Multilayered Structures ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Spin Dependent Scattering ◽  
Interfacial Scattering ◽  
Electronic Scattering ◽  
Magnetorefractive Effect

The magnetorefractive effect (MRE) has been measured in the infrared spectral region of 1.2-28 μm in MBE-grown Fe/Cr superlattices with variable Fe and Cr layers thicknesses inp-polarized light. The magnetic and magnetooptical properties have been studied as well. From the MRE spectra modeling in the framework of magnetoreflection theory for multilayered structures, the parameters of interfacial spin dependent scattering of conductivity electrons have been defined for different types of exchange coupling between adjacent Fe layers. The dependence of interfacial scattering parameters on Fe and Cr layer thickness is discussed.

Magnetorefractive effect in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 in the infrared spectral range

2010 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Sukhorukov ◽  
A. V. Telegin ◽  
A. B. Granovskii ◽  
E. A. Gan’shina ◽  
S. V. Naumov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Range ◽  
Infrared Spectral Range ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Magnetorefractive Effect

A High Frequency Strictly Passive Model for Transformer Based on the Image Method under Lightning Overvoltage

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 1897-1900
Author(s):  
Zhong Yuan Zhang ◽  
Li Ming Gao ◽  
Rui Min Zhu
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Image Method ◽  
Scattering Parameters ◽  
Electromagnetic Transient ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Electromagnetic Transient Simulation ◽  
Impedance Parameters ◽  
Passive Model

In the power system electromagnetic transient simulation, the establishment of a stable power transformer simulation model is crucial. Therefore, the high frequency strictly passive model of the transformer is investigated, which is suitable for the lightning strokes. The proposed model is introduced based on two-port network theory where its scattering parameters are measured through network analyzer firstly, and then the scattering parameters are transformed into the impedance parameters, finally the transformer T-equivalent circuit is established. The image method is used to fit frequency dependent impedance parameter, and according to different types of the parameter, the combination of circuit elements R, L, C is needed. By using the image method the values of the elements achieved are all positive and the strictly passive conditions of the circuits are guaranteed. Furthermore, the experiment and simulation results of a 10kV single-phase transformer under lightning overvoltage is presented, confirming the validity of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Genetic Identification Of Ground Ice By Petrographic Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana V. Tikhonravova ◽  
Viktor V. Rogov ◽  
Elena A. Slagoda
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ground Ice ◽  
Closed Cavity ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Petrographic Method

The advantages and limitations of the petrography method and the relevance of its use for the study of natural ice are reviewed in the present work. The petrographic method of ground ice study is often used for solving paleogeographic issues. The petrofabric analysis of ground ice is not only useful for descriptive purposes but, like the study of cryostructures, helps to infer growth processes and conditions. Different types of natural ice have specific features that can help us to determine ice genesis. Surface ice, such as glacier ice is often presented by foliation formed by large crystals (50-60 mm); lake ice is characterised by the upper zone of small (6 mm x 3 mm) dendritic and equigranular crystals, which change with increasing depth to large (may exceed 200 mm) columnar and prismatic crystals; segregated ice is composed by crystals forming foliation. Ground ice, such as ice wedge is presented by vertical-band appearance and small crystals (2-2.5 mm); closed-cavity ice is often distinguished by radial-ray appearance produced by elongated ice crystals; injection ice is composed by anhedral crystals, showing the movement of water; snowbank ice is presented by a high concentration of circular bubbles and small (0.1-1 mm) equigranular crystals; icing is described by foliation and mostly columnar crystals. Identification of the origin of ground ice is a complicated task for geocryology because it is difficult to distinguish different types of ground ice based on only visual explorations. The simplest way to get an ice texture pattern is by using polarized light. Distinctions between genetic types of ground ice are not always made in studies, and that can produce erroneous inferences. Petrography studies of an ice object are helpful to clarify the data interpretation, e.g., of isotopic analyses. It is particularly relevant for heterogeneous ice wedges’ study.

scholarly journals Massive Stars in the Galactic Center

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S250) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
F. Martins ◽  
D. J. Hillier ◽  
R. Genzel ◽  
F. Eisenhauer ◽  
T. Ott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Massive Star ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Galactic Center ◽  
Massive Stars ◽  
Evolutionary Status ◽  
Infrared Spectral Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Observational Techniques ◽  
Massive Clusters

AbstractWe present results of two studies aiming at better understanding the properties of massive stars in the Galactic Center. We focus on the youngest and oldest of the three massive clusters harboring this region, namely the Arches and central cluster. We show that the development of powerful observational techniques in the near infrared spectral range (mainly 3D spectroscopy) allows to uncover the entire massive star population in these clusters. Using CMFGEN models, we derive the classical stellar and wind properties of 46 stars, as well as their surface abundances. The latter allow us to investigate in detail their evolutionary status and to identify evolutionary sequences between different types of stars. We thus constrain stellar evolution in the upper part of the HR diagram.

Polarization vision – a uniform sensory capacity?

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (14) ◽  
pp. 2589-2596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Wehner
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
Polarization Vision ◽  
Terrestrial Habitat ◽  
Spectral Content ◽  
Common Receptor ◽  
Sensory Capacity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Processing Mechanisms

SUMMARYIn this concept paper, three scenarios are described in which animals make use of polarized light: the underwater world, the water surface and the terrestrial habitat vaulted by the pattern of polarized light in the sky. Within these various visual environments, polarized light is used in a number of ways that make quite different demands on the neural circuitries mediating these different types of behaviour. Apart from some common receptor and pre-processing mechanisms, the underlying neural mechanisms may differ accordingly. Often, information about χ (the angle of polarization), d (the degree of polarization) and λ (the spectral content) might not – and need not – be disentangled. Hence, the hypothesis entertained in this account is that polarization vision comes in various guises, and that the answer to the question posed in the title is most probably no.

Physicochemical studies on the aggregation of copper(II) and titanium(III) dialkyl phosphates

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Cookson ◽  
RF Wakefield ◽  
TD Smith ◽  
JR Pilbrow
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Physicochemical Studies ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Strong Exchange ◽  
Phosphoric Acids

Titanium(III) and copper(II) salts of various dialkyl phosphoric acids have been prepared. Molecular weight measurements on the copper(II) dialkyl phosphates show that they are monomeric in ethanol but aggregate to dimeric forms in chloroform, and to trimeric and tetrameric forms in dichloro- methane, while copper(II) di(2- ethylhexyl) phosphate reaches a molecular weight corresponding to a pentamer in n-hexane. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate the absence of strong exchange coupling in the copper(II) dialkyl phosphates. E.s.r. measurements have been made on the titanium(III) dialkyl phosphates doped into the corresponding indium(III) dialkyl phosphates. Similar measurements have been made on the copper(II) dialkyl phosphates doped into the corresponding cadmium dialkyl phosphates. E.s.r. measurements have been carried out on chloroform and dimethylformamide solutions of the copper(II) dialkyl phosphates and the triplet state spectra observed at 77 K used to extract the magnetic and structural parameters associated with the dimeric forms of the copper(II) dialkyl phosphates. Infrared spectral measurements have been made on the titanium(III), indium(III), copper(II) and cadmium(II) dialkyl phosphates and the major peaks assigned.

Characterization and photoinduced properties of photo chromic polymers. 1. Polyesterimides with 4-amino 4´-nitro azobenzene moieties

e-Polymers ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Schab-Balcerzak ◽  
Beate Sapich ◽  
Joachim Stumpe ◽  
Anna Sobolewska ◽  
Andrzej Miniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Optical Anisotropy ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Ethyl Benzene ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Azobenzene Group ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Dsc Thermograms

AbstractNovel photochromic polyesterimides (PEIs) with two different types of azobenzene units as side groups have been synthesized from 2,2’-{4-[(4- nitrophenyl)-azo} phenyl]iminobis(ethyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride-4- carboxylate) and diamines: 2,4-diamino-4’-methylazobenzene and 2,4-diamino-4’- (trifluoromethoxy)azobenzene. An analogous polyesterimide with one azobenzene group based on 1,3-phenylendiamine has been prepared to compare with these PEIs. Molecular structural characterization for these polymers has been achieved by FTIR, 1H NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. These amorphous polyesterimides are thermally stable up to 260°C as follows from the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The glass transition temperatures (Tg) for the resulting polyimides have been determined from DSC thermograms and are in the range of 141-210°C. The irradiation with linearly polarized light of an Ar+ laser results in the induction of optical anisotropy within the initially isotropic films. Light induced optical anisotropy in polymer films has been studied by examining the value of generated dichroism using Ar+ laser (λ = 488 nm) and by holographic polarization grating recording performed at λ = 514.5 nm. The value of photoinduced dichroism is in the range of 0.15-0.26. The induction of dichroism and kinetics of grating inscription have been investigated in relation to the presence of the second type of azobenzene group in the polymer and its substitution.

Spin Polarization of PT in Pt/Co Multilayers Studied by X-Ray Absorption

1991 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schütz ◽  
H. Ebert ◽  
P. Fischer ◽  
S. Rüegg ◽  
W. B. Zeper
Keyword(s):  
Spin Polarization ◽  
Exchange Coupling ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Multilayered Structures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Total Magnetization ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
X Ray Absorption

AbstractLocal d-magnetic moments of the Pt interlayer in Pt/Co multilayered structures (4 ÅCo + X ÅPt, X=9,19,23,30,40) have been investigated theoretically and experimentally by circular magnetic x-ray dichroism studies.It has been found that a significant Pt polarization is induced, which contributes by about 13% to the total magnetization. The experimental findings of the average Pt moments agree well with the theoretical expectations indicating the existence of a longrange exchange coupling through the Pt layer.

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