Biodesulfurization of a Coarse-Grained High Sulfur Coal in a Full-Scale Packed-Bed Bioreactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Doodkanlou Milan ◽  
Ali Ahmadi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Raouf Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
Gypsum Precipitation

Biodesulfurization of a high-sulfur and medium-ash coal product was carried out in a 5-m tall packed bed bioreactor using a mixed culture of iron- and sulfur- oxidizing microorganisms. The feed coal (4 tones) was obtained from a heavy media cyclone product from Takht-Zeitoon coal mine (Tabas, Iran) with a density of -1.4 g/cm3 and a grain size of 0.5-25 mm, having the ash and sulfur contents of 14.92% and 2.46%, respectively. The pilot scale process was performed in a semi-continuous mode with a solution injection rate of 2.5-4.5 lit/min/m2, aeration rate of 4-12 m3/h/m2 and solution pH of 1.7-2, over a period of 190 days. Iron and sulfate ions were controlled during the process in two 1500-L stirred tank reactors by goethite and gypsum precipitation processes, respectively. The column biodesphurization in a period of 170 days was followed by a washing step with HCl to remove sulfate precipitates. Results showed that the total sulfur and ash contents reached to 1.69% and 11.04%, respectively, which were corresponded to 31% sulfur removal and 26% ash removal. It was indicated that biodesulfurization has a good industrial potential to treat coarse-grained high sulfur coals.

scholarly journals Fungal cellulases: production by solid-state cultivation in packed-bed bioreactor using solid agro-industrial by-products as substrates and application for hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse

2020 ◽  
pp. 2097-2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Aparecida Casciatori Frassatto ◽  
Fernanda Perpétua Casciatori ◽  
João Cláudio Thoméo ◽  
Eleni Gomes ◽  
Maurício Boscolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Enzymatic Extract ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Cellulases are essential for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials in the production of second generation ethanol. Solid-state cultivation is a process that provides high concentrations of enzymes that can be used in this hydrolysis. The objectives of this work were to produce cellulases by cultivating the fungus Myceliophthora thermophila I-1D3b in a packed bed bioreactor with sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and wheat bran (WB) as substrate and to evaluate the efficiency of the enzymatic extract in the hydrolysis of SCB in natura (BIN) and pretreated with ozone, alkali and ultrasound (BOU). The conditions for enzyme production in the bioreactor were SCB:WB at a ratio of 2.3:1 (w/w), 75 % moisture content; 45 ºC; aeration rate 240 L h-1 and 96 h. The enzyme production was evaluated by endoglucanase, xylanase, filter paper (FPU) and ?-glycosidase activities. For the application of the enzymes, a central composed response surface design with 5 repetitions of the central point was used, taking enzyme volume and hydrolysis time as factors. Such cultivation yielded the following enzymatic activities: 723 U gss-1 of endoglucanases, 2024 U gss-1 of xylanase, 12.6 U gss-1 of FPU and 41 U gss-1 of ?-glucosidase. The results of the application tests indicated the best conditions as 7.0 ml of the enzyme extract (4.2 FPU) and 6 hours for BIN and BOU. The best cellulose-glucose conversions were obtained for BOU, reaching 32.1 % at 65 ºC. In conclusion, the enzyme production in the packed bed bioreactor was efficient and BOU pretreatment improved the hydrolysis of biomass, increasing the efficiency of conversion of cellulose to glucose.

Pilot-Scale Bioleaching of Metals from Pyritic Ashes

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Elina A. Vuorenmaa ◽  
Jarno Mäkinen ◽  
Tero Korhonen ◽  
Raisa Neitola ◽  
Anna H. Kaksonen
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Production ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
The Government

Solid waste from sulfuric acid production may contain relatively high levels of metals such as Fe, Zn, Co, Cu and As that are harmful if inappropriately disposed of in the environment, but may be a valuable resource if metals can be recovered. The objective of this research was to investigate the pilot-scale acid bioleaching of metals from pyritic ashes, originating from the roasting of pyrite ores for sulfuric acid production and consisting mainly of hematite. Bioleaching was carried out at 25 °C in pilot-scale continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR), with 50 L working volume in mineral salts medium supplemented with trace elements, 1 % (w/v) elemental sulfur and with pyritic ash pulp densities 10 % and 20 %. The reactors were inoculated with a mixed culture of iron- and sulfur-oxidising acidophiles containing Acidithiobacillus (At.) ferrooxidans, At. thiooxidans/albertensis, At. caldus, Leptospirillum ferrooxidans, Sulfobacillus (Sb.) thermosulfidooxidans, Sb. thermotolerans and some members of Alicyclobacillus genus. Metal leaching yields from pyritic ashes in the CSTR after 32 days were 54.6-56.7 % Cu, 41.7-43.2 % Zn, 1.7-1.8 % Co, 3.0-5.4 % As and 0.3-0.5 % Fe. Solution pH decreased during the experiment from 2.9 to 1.9-2.2. Elemental analysis using X-ray fluorescence showed that the contents of metals, except for As, in the leach residue were below the higher guideline values given in the Government decree on the assessment of the soil contamination and remediation needs by the Ministry of the Environment, Finland. Bioleaching facilitated the extraction of metals from pyritic ashes and the mitigation of environmental risks related to the residue disposal for other metals except for As.

scholarly journals Semi-pilot scale-up of a continuous packed-bed bioreactor system developed for the lipase-catalyzed production of pseudo-ceramides

OCL ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. D406
Author(s):  
Florian Le Joubioux ◽  
Nicolas Bridiau ◽  
Marianne Graber ◽  
Thierry Maugard
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Bioreactor System

Production of pectinases by solid-state fermentation in a pilot-scale packed-bed bioreactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 1009-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Oliveira Pitol ◽  
Alessandra Biz ◽  
Edgar Mallmann ◽  
Nadia Krieger ◽  
David Alexander Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor

scholarly journals Surveying Denitrification Efficacy in Up-Flow Packed Bed Bioreactor Operated under Heterotrophic Condition Using Autotrophic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Neshat ◽  
Abdomajid Gholizadeh ◽  
Babak Jahed ◽  
Pouria Nikvand
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Autotrophic Bacteria

Introduction: The biological denitrification process is an interesting cost-effective technique to remove nitrate from water supplies. Acetic acid can be used as a carbon source in this process, but its consumption rate is a critical issue and, in some cases, it is quite different from stoichiometric constants. The current study aimed to investigate the nitrate removal in an up-flow packed bed bioreactor. Furthermore, various parameters affecting this process were investigated and optimized. In this study, the autotrophic bacteria were used for the heterotrophic process. Materials and Methods: Initially, the autotrophic bacteria were cultured and used for the following heterotrophic conditions in distinct reactors. A pilot-scale anoxic up flow bioreactor packed was constructed using the polyethylene media and applied to remove nitrate from the aqueous environment. Consequently, the effects of hydraulic retention times (HRT) and different acetic acid concentrations as carbon source were evaluated. During the study, the amounts of alkalinity, pH, temperature, and nitrate were checked. Results: The designed bioreactor removed an average of over 88% of nitrate, while the acetic acid consumption was 2 mg/mg NO3-N, which was lower than the stoichiometric constant for heterotrophic process. Moreover, in the three studied HRTs (1.5, 3, and 5 h), the Alkalinity increased from 14.2 to 19.8 %. Conclusion: The results of this study showed high efficiency in nitrate removal via heterotrophic denitrification using acetic acid as carbon source for autotrophic bacteria.

Production of pectinases by solid-state fermentation of a mixture of citrus waste and sugarcane bagasse in a pilot-scale packed-bed bioreactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Biz ◽  
Anelize Terezinha Jung Finkler ◽  
Luana Oliveira Pitol ◽  
Bruna Schweitzer Medina ◽  
Nadia Krieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Citrus Waste

Design and Operation of a Pilot-Scale Packed-Bed Bioreactor for the Production of Enzymes by Solid-State Fermentation

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Alexander Mitchell ◽  
Luana Oliveira Pitol ◽  
Alessandra Biz ◽  
Anelize Terezinha Jung Finkler ◽  
Luiz Fernando de Lima Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor

Intermittent agitation contributes to uniformity across the bed during pectinase production by Aspergillus niger grown in solid-state fermentation in a pilot-scale packed-bed bioreactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anelize Terezinha Jung Finkler ◽  
Alessandra Biz ◽  
Luana Oliveira Pitol ◽  
Bruna Schweitzer Medina ◽  
Henrique Luithardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Pectinase Production

Three-dimensional CFD simulation of anaerobic reactions in a continuous packed-bed bioreactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasan Zarei ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi ◽  
Teimour Amani ◽  
Mehrdad Khamforoush ◽  
Arezou Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor

Toxicity and recalcitrant compound removal from bleaching pulp plant effluents by an integrated system: anaerobic packed-bed bioreactor and ozone

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Chaparro ◽  
C. M. Botta ◽  
E. C. Pires
Keyword(s):  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorption ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Cellulose Pulp ◽  
Adsorbable Organic Halides ◽  
Organic Halides ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Absorption Measurements

Effluents originated in cellulose pulp manufacturing processes are usually toxic and recalcitrant, specially the bleaching effluents, which exhibit high contents of aromatic compounds (e.g. residual lignin derivates). Although biological processes are normally used, their efficiency for the removal of toxic lignin derivates is low. The toxicity and recalcitrance of a bleached Kraft pulp mill were assessed through bioassays and ultraviolet absorption measurements, i.e. acid soluble lignin (ASL), UV280, and specific ultraviolet absorption (SUVA), before and after treatment by an integrated system comprised of an anaerobic packed-bed bioreactor and oxidation step with ozone. Furthermore, adsorbable organic halides (AOX) were measured. The results demonstrated not only that the toxic recalcitrant compounds can be removed successfully using integrated system, but also the ultraviolet absorption measurements can be an interesting control-parameter in a wastewater treatment.

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