scholarly journals Surveying Denitrification Efficacy in Up-Flow Packed Bed Bioreactor Operated under Heterotrophic Condition Using Autotrophic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Neshat ◽  
Abdomajid Gholizadeh ◽  
Babak Jahed ◽  
Pouria Nikvand
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Autotrophic Bacteria

Introduction: The biological denitrification process is an interesting cost-effective technique to remove nitrate from water supplies. Acetic acid can be used as a carbon source in this process, but its consumption rate is a critical issue and, in some cases, it is quite different from stoichiometric constants. The current study aimed to investigate the nitrate removal in an up-flow packed bed bioreactor. Furthermore, various parameters affecting this process were investigated and optimized. In this study, the autotrophic bacteria were used for the heterotrophic process. Materials and Methods: Initially, the autotrophic bacteria were cultured and used for the following heterotrophic conditions in distinct reactors. A pilot-scale anoxic up flow bioreactor packed was constructed using the polyethylene media and applied to remove nitrate from the aqueous environment. Consequently, the effects of hydraulic retention times (HRT) and different acetic acid concentrations as carbon source were evaluated. During the study, the amounts of alkalinity, pH, temperature, and nitrate were checked. Results: The designed bioreactor removed an average of over 88% of nitrate, while the acetic acid consumption was 2 mg/mg NO3-N, which was lower than the stoichiometric constant for heterotrophic process. Moreover, in the three studied HRTs (1.5, 3, and 5 h), the Alkalinity increased from 14.2 to 19.8 %. Conclusion: The results of this study showed high efficiency in nitrate removal via heterotrophic denitrification using acetic acid as carbon source for autotrophic bacteria.

Groundwater denitrification with alternative carbon sources

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mohseni-Bandpi ◽  
D. J. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactor ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Biological Nitrate Removal

A pilot scale rotating biological contactor (RBC) was used to investigate the removal of nitrate-nitrogen from groundwater using three different carbon sources, i.e., methanol, ethanol and acetic acid. Optimum carbon sources to influent nitrate-nitrogen ratio were established by varying the influent concentration of carbon sources. The optimum ratio of methanol, ethanol and acetic acid to nitrate-nitrogen ratios were found to be 2.9, 2.35 and 4.3 respectively. The nitrate-nitrogen removal efficiency averaged 93, 91 and 98 for methanol, ethanol and acetic acid respectively at a loading rate of 76 mg/m2.h. The results of this study show that the acetic acid is the most efficient carbon source for removal of nitrate-nitrogen. Effluent nitrite-nitrogen concentration was minimum for acetic acid as compared with ethanol and methanol. The effluent contained minimum suspended solids and turbidity for methanol as a carbon source. The results of this study indicate that biological nitrate removal using a RBC is a reliable and stable system under all the three carbon sources. The denitrified water in all cases requires some post treatment to oxidise the residual carbon source and remove biomass before distribution.

Denitrification of groundwater using acetic acid as a carbon source

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mohseni-Bandpi ◽  
D. J. Elliott ◽  
A. Momeny-Mazdeh
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Acid Loading ◽  
Species Being

A pilot scale rotating biological contactor was used to investigate the ability to remove nitrate from groundwater using acetic acid as a carbon source under various operating conditions. The reactor achieved a nitrate removal efficiency of 99 to 83 percent at loading rates of 76 and 490 mg/m2.hr respectively with a flow rate of 2.5 l/min at 20±2°C. The nitrate removal rate was found to be dependent on the influent acetic acid loading rate. The optimum acetic acid to nitrate-nitrogen (A/N) ratio was found to be 4.3:1. Under optimum conditions the effluent nitrate, nitrite-nitrogen and residual acetic acid concentrations were 0.43, 0.03 and 4.4 mg/l. The process generally produced low nitrite intermediate production for up to 100 mg/l influent nitrate-nitrogen. The results of this study show that an anoxic RBC using acetic acid as a carbon source is a convenient and reliable process for the removal of nitrate from water supply. Pseudomonas were found to be the dominant bacterial species with species being Ps. stutzeri and Ps. fluorescence.

Nitrate removal using Brevundimonas diminuta MTCC 8486 from ground water

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kavitha ◽  
R. Selvakumar ◽  
M. Sathishkumar ◽  
K. Swaminathan ◽  
P. Lakshmanaperumalsamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Brevundimonas Diminuta

Brevundimonas diminuta MTCC 8486, isolated from marine soil of coastal area of Trivandrum, Kerala, was used for biological removal of nitrate from ground water collected from Kar village of Pali district, Rajasthan. The organism was found to be resistance for nitrate up to 10,000 mg L−1. The optimum growth conditions for biological removal of nitrate were established in batch culture. The effect of carbon sources on nitrate removal was investigated using mineral salt medium (MSM) containing 500 mg L−1 of nitrate to select the most effective carbon source. Among glucose and starch as carbon source, glucose at 1% concentration increased the growth (182±8.24 × 104 CFU mL−1) and induced maximum nitrate reduction (86.4%) at 72 h. The ground water collected from Kar village, Pali district of Rajasthan containing 460±5.92 mg L−1 of nitrate was subjected to three different treatment processes in pilot scale (T1 to T3). Higher removal of nitrate was observed in T2 process (88%) supplemented with 1% glucose. The system was scaled up to 10 L pilot scale treatment plant. At 72 h the nitrate removal was observed to be 95% in pilot scale plant. The residual nitrate level (23±0.41 mg L−1) in pilot scale treatment process was found to be below the permissible limit of WHO.

scholarly journals Semi-pilot scale-up of a continuous packed-bed bioreactor system developed for the lipase-catalyzed production of pseudo-ceramides

OCL ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. D406
Author(s):  
Florian Le Joubioux ◽  
Nicolas Bridiau ◽  
Marianne Graber ◽  
Thierry Maugard
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Bioreactor System

Denitrification with isopropanol as a carbon source in a biofilm system

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwoo Hwang ◽  
Hiroshi Sakuma ◽  
Toshihiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Denitrification Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Microbial Oxidation ◽  
Biological Denitrification ◽  
Batch Tests

Several batch tests and pilot-scale investigations on biological denitrification with isopropanol were performed. Isopropanol was converted to acetone by microbial oxidation during denitrification. Isopropanol itself little contributed to denitrification in practice while the converted acetone played a role of a main hydrogen donor. A larger quantity of nitrite intermediate was formed by using methanol compared to the case of isopropanol. The measured requirement of isopropanol was 2.0 mg mg−1 NO3-N, and was 2/3 of methanol. The oxygen equivalent of isopropanol for nitrate removal was almost the same as that of methanol. The denitrifier net growth yield for isopropanol was greater than for methanol. In order to maximize the denitrification rate, it is essential to convert isopropanol to acetone rapidly by accurate dosing for nitrogen load because the denitrification rate was accelerated by using acetone only. Excessive dose of isopropanol can cause a decrease in the denitrification rate as well as an increase of BOD in the effluent.

Production of pectinases by solid-state fermentation in a pilot-scale packed-bed bioreactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 1009-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Oliveira Pitol ◽  
Alessandra Biz ◽  
Edgar Mallmann ◽  
Nadia Krieger ◽  
David Alexander Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor

scholarly journals Simultaneous Removal of Soluble Metal Species and Nitrate from Acidic and Saline Industrial Wastewater in a Pilot Scale Biofilm Reactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiota Mendrinou ◽  
Artin Hatzikioseyian ◽  
Pavlina Kousi ◽  
Paschalis Oustadakis ◽  
Petros Tsakiridis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Treatment Unit

Abstract Α pilot scale packed-bed biofilm reactor was set up and monitored for the treatment of wastewater originating from the hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from printed circuit boards (PCBs). The wastewater is characterized by: (a) low pH, (b) residual soluble metal species and (c) elevated concentrations of nitrate and chloride originating from the use of nitric and hydrochloric acid as leaching agents. Such wastewater could be treated in a bioreactor capable for the simultaneous removal of metals and nitrates, through complete denitrification, in presence of elevated chloride concentrations. However, the possible inhibitory effects of metals as well as the metals bioprecipitation should be investigated experimentally. Biological denitrification was studied under extreme conditions in the bioreactor inoculated with Halomonas denitrificans: at (a) pH 3-8; (b) metal content (Cu, Ni, Zn and Fe) at 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L, respectively (c) nitrate concentration 750-5,750 mg/L NO3- and (d) chloride concentration 5%-10% as NaCl. According to the results, denitrification proceeds rapidly through the formation of nitrite as intermediate which is sequentially reduced completely to nitrogen. The presence of metals does not affect the denitrification process. Iron, zinc, copper and nickel are sequestered from the wastewater via bioprecipitation. Both goals, namely metals removal and complete reduction of nitrate in presence of elevated concentrations of chloride, were successfully achieved by the treatment scheme. The proposed simple, robust and low-cost biological treatment unit is advantageous compared to the conventional wastewater treatment, based on metal precipitation via chemical neutralization, where the problem of nitrate removal remains unresolved.

Biodesulfurization of a Coarse-Grained High Sulfur Coal in a Full-Scale Packed-Bed Bioreactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Doodkanlou Milan ◽  
Ali Ahmadi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Raouf Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Packed Bed Bioreactor ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
Gypsum Precipitation

Biodesulfurization of a high-sulfur and medium-ash coal product was carried out in a 5-m tall packed bed bioreactor using a mixed culture of iron- and sulfur- oxidizing microorganisms. The feed coal (4 tones) was obtained from a heavy media cyclone product from Takht-Zeitoon coal mine (Tabas, Iran) with a density of -1.4 g/cm3 and a grain size of 0.5-25 mm, having the ash and sulfur contents of 14.92% and 2.46%, respectively. The pilot scale process was performed in a semi-continuous mode with a solution injection rate of 2.5-4.5 lit/min/m2, aeration rate of 4-12 m3/h/m2 and solution pH of 1.7-2, over a period of 190 days. Iron and sulfate ions were controlled during the process in two 1500-L stirred tank reactors by goethite and gypsum precipitation processes, respectively. The column biodesphurization in a period of 170 days was followed by a washing step with HCl to remove sulfate precipitates. Results showed that the total sulfur and ash contents reached to 1.69% and 11.04%, respectively, which were corresponded to 31% sulfur removal and 26% ash removal. It was indicated that biodesulfurization has a good industrial potential to treat coarse-grained high sulfur coals.

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