The unconscious experience

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Significant Others ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Body Experiences ◽  
Chart Audits ◽  
Near Death Experiences ◽  
Primary Family

BACKGROUND: Although considerable research has been done on pathophysiology, metabolic and physical causes, and prognostic indicators, little is known about unconsciousness or coma from the perspective of the patient. OBJECTIVE: To describe the experiences of patients who were once documented as being unconscious. METHODS: Phenomenologic interviews were conducted with 100 patients whose records indicated that they had been unconscious during hospitalization. Interviews were also attempted with primary family members, significant others, or other external observers. Chart audits documenting the unconscious episode, medications, and diagnoses were also carried out. Data were compared, using van Kaam's method, and contrasted. RESULTS: Patients experienced one or more of five states: unconsciousness, inner consciousness, perceived unconsciousness, distorted consciousness, and paranormal experiences. They described hearing, understanding, and responding emotionally to what was being said when it was assumed they were not aware. In addition, 23 subjects reported near-death experiences or visits, out-of-body experiences, or some other paranormal experience. CONCLUSION: Patients' unconscious experiences can cause long-term effects. Patients often need reassurance that other patients subjected to similar conditions also have these experiences.

7. Altered states of consciousness

2017 ◽  
pp. 100-116
Author(s):  
Susan Blackmore
Keyword(s):  
Normal State ◽  
Altered States Of Consciousness ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Altered States ◽  
States Of Consciousness ◽  
Body Experiences ◽  
The World ◽  
Altered State Of Consciousness ◽  
Near Death Experiences

‘Altered states of consciousness’ discusses the states of consciousness during sleep, dreaming, hallucinations, out-of-body experiences, near-death experiences, meditation, and after taking psychoactive drugs. Psychologist Charles Tart defines an altered state of consciousness (ASC) as ‘a qualitative alteration in the overall pattern of mental functioning, such that the experiencer feels his consciousness is radically different from the way it functions ordinarily’. This certainly captures the idea of ASCs, but also creates problems, such as knowing what a ‘normal’ state is. In both mystical experiences and long-term meditation, people describe seeing through the illusions of duality and seeing the world as it truly is.

scholarly journals Risk surveillance and mitigation: autoantibodies as triggers and inhibitors of severe reactions to SARS-CoV-2 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Chen ◽  
Aisah Amelia ◽  
George W. Ashdown ◽  
Ivo Mueller ◽  
Anna K. Coussens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Screening Strategies ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections

AbstractCOVID-19 clinical presentation differs considerably between individuals, ranging from asymptomatic, mild/moderate and severe disease which in some cases are fatal or result in long-term effects. Identifying immune mechanisms behind severe disease development informs screening strategies to predict who are at greater risk of developing life-threatening complications. However, to date clear prognostic indicators of individual risk of severe or long COVID remain elusive. Autoantibodies recognize a range of self-antigens and upon antigen recognition and binding, important processes involved in inflammation, pathogen defence and coagulation are modified. Recent studies report a significantly higher prevalence of autoantibodies that target immunomodulatory proteins including cytokines, chemokines, complement components, and cell surface proteins in COVID-19 patients experiencing severe disease compared to those who experience mild or asymptomatic infections. Here we discuss the diverse impacts of autoantibodies on immune processes and associations with severe COVID-19 disease.

Ecology, childhood experiences, and adult attachment styles of women in the kibbutz

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Sharabany ◽  
Ofra Mayseless ◽  
Gilat Edri ◽  
Doron Lulav
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Continuous Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adult Attachment Styles ◽  
The Family

The present study exploited a “natural experiment” which covered variations in child-rearing conditions within the communal setting of the Israeli kibbutz. The long-term effects of these variations and of childhood experiences on attachment styles of adults were examined. Three groups of mothers who were raised in the kibbutz participated: (1) a Communal group, mothers raised communally and now raising their child communally; (2) a Familial group, mothers raised in the family and now raising their child in the family, and (3) a Non-continuous group, mothers raised communally and now raising their child in the family. In keeping with studies with infants, we expected the familial group to show the most security, the communal group to show the least security, and the non-continuous to be in between. Participants were 152 women with school-age children. They reported on their attachment styles and availability of significant others during childhood. Additionally, they evaluated the child-rearing context of themselves and of their children. The three groups did not differ in their attachment security or in the reported availability of significant others in childhood. They differed in their evaluations of their own and their children’s child-rearing contexts. Specifically, they had negative evaluations regarding the communal sleeping arrangement. Security of attachment was related to reported availability of significant others in childhood. These results are discussed in view of the differentiation between contextual-distal variables and process-proximal variables.

scholarly journals Otolaryngologic Symptoms in Persons Exposed to World Trade Center Dust and Particle Pollutants: A Case for Caution in Declaring a Diagnosis of Wtc Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 1067-1073
Author(s):  
Swapna K. Chandran ◽  
Mary J. Hawkshaw ◽  
Robert T. Sataloff
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ground Zero ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Lower Manhattan ◽  
Trade Center ◽  
Cleanup Workers

Since the Sept. 11, 2001, attack on the World Trade Center (WTC), the health status of survivors, rescue and cleanup workers, and residents of Lower Manhattan has been monitored. Exposure to dust and particulate matter resulted in numerous complaints of both upper and lower aerodigestive tract irritation. The symptoms, diagnoses, and management of affected persons have previously been described in the literature. However, evidence establishing causation is scarce, especially with regard to the purported long-term effects of such exposure. Many persons who were exposed to the Ground Zero site have otolaryngologic conditions that are common in persons who were not so exposed. Therefore, otolaryngologists involved in the care of such patients should be cautious about assigning a diagnosis of “WTC syndrome” without a comprehensive examination to look for other possible etiologies. A diagnosis of a treatable, potentially serious health problem should not be missed simply because a patient who was exposed to WTC irritants was presumed to have WTC syndrome. In this review, we discuss the reported otolaryngologic manifestations of exposure to the WTC site, and we describe the specific cases of 2 workers there who continue to have otolaryngologic complaints. Considerable research is needed to establish the existence and nature of any long-term sequelae of exposure to WTC fallout.

Long-term effects of group therapy for patients with mild cognitive impairment and their significant others: A 6- to 8-month follow-up study

Dementia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesbeth W.A. Joosten-Weyn Banningh ◽  
Sondra C.F. Roelofs ◽  
Myrra J.F.J. Vernooij-Dassen ◽  
Judith B. Prins ◽  
Marcel G.M. Olde Rikkert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Group Therapy ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Follow Up Study

Unconscious ties that bind – attending to complexes in the classroom: part 2

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Fidyk
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Family Constellation ◽  
Group Life ◽  
Constellation Work ◽  
The Family ◽  
Familial Patterns

ABSTRACTContinuing the argument from Part 1, regarding the cultural unconscious and cultural complexes, a case is made for the significance of attending to the unconscious in the classroom. Understanding of cultural and familial complexes and the way parental psychology gets replayed within schools aims to bring greater awareness to the psychology of group life. Here specific attention is given to the family unconscious, family complexes, family soul, and the ancestors – both personal and archetypal. A method borrowed from family constellation work and rooted in African traditions of healing is outlined. This method is offered in an effort to unlock unconscious familial patterns whereby the emergence of new images may not only contribute to healing but also might have long-term effects on learning. Transgenerational patterns shaped by traumatic experiences, life events, cultural and environmental factors affect students, and so their learning. Parallel findings in epigenetics are also considered to be able to better contribute in long-lasting ways to resolving conflict, as well as to understanding deeper issues affecting our relations within education.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

Ultrastructural investigations of MDL 19,660-induced effects on the canine platelet and megakaryocyte

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
D.E. Loudy ◽  
J. Sprinkle-Cavallo ◽  
J.T. Yarrington ◽  
F.Y. Thompson ◽  
J.P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Induced Aggregation ◽  
Internal Architecture

Previous short term toxicological studies of one to two weeks duration have demonstrated that MDL 19,660 (5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-2,4-dimethyl-3Hl, 2,4-triazole-3-thione), an antidepressant drug, causes a dose-related thrombocytopenia in dogs. Platelet counts started to decline after two days of dosing with 30 mg/kg/day and continued to decrease to their lowest levels by 5-7 days. The loss in platelets was primarily of the small discoid subpopulation. In vitro studies have also indicated that MDL 19,660: does not spontaneously aggregate canine platelets and has moderate antiaggregating properties by inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation. The objectives of the present investigation of MDL 19,660 were to evaluate ultrastructurally long term effects on platelet internal architecture and changes in subpopulations of platelets and megakaryocytes.Nine male and nine female beagle dogs were divided equally into three groups and were administered orally 0, 15, or 30 mg/kg/day of MDL 19,660 for three months. Compared to a control platelet range of 353,000- 452,000/μl, a doserelated thrombocytopenia reached a maximum severity of an average of 135,000/μl for the 15 mg/kg/day dogs after two weeks and 81,000/μl for the 30 mg/kg/day dogs after one week.

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