Unconscious ties that bind – attending to complexes in the classroom: part 2

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Fidyk
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Family Constellation ◽  
Group Life ◽  
Constellation Work ◽  
The Family ◽  
Familial Patterns

ABSTRACTContinuing the argument from Part 1, regarding the cultural unconscious and cultural complexes, a case is made for the significance of attending to the unconscious in the classroom. Understanding of cultural and familial complexes and the way parental psychology gets replayed within schools aims to bring greater awareness to the psychology of group life. Here specific attention is given to the family unconscious, family complexes, family soul, and the ancestors – both personal and archetypal. A method borrowed from family constellation work and rooted in African traditions of healing is outlined. This method is offered in an effort to unlock unconscious familial patterns whereby the emergence of new images may not only contribute to healing but also might have long-term effects on learning. Transgenerational patterns shaped by traumatic experiences, life events, cultural and environmental factors affect students, and so their learning. Parallel findings in epigenetics are also considered to be able to better contribute in long-lasting ways to resolving conflict, as well as to understanding deeper issues affecting our relations within education.

Gilles de la Tourette the Poet?

2018 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Olivier Walusinski
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter focuses on Georges Gilles de la Tourette’s poetical pursuits. A man of many talents, these poems provide insight into yet another facet of Gilles de la Tourette’s personality. As well, they may provide some clue to his mental state as he suffered from the long-term effects of syphilis. It is difficult to know whether these poems should be taken as initial signs of Gilles de la Tourette’s disease or whether they are a simple manifestation of his imagination and the pleasure he took in writing. His poetry can be found at the family archive in Loundun.

scholarly journals Approach to stress endocrine response: somatization in the context of gastroenterological symptoms: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2537-2545
Author(s):  
Gülseren Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Endocrine Response ◽  
Response To Stress

Background: Stress can be defined as an acute threat to the homeostasis of an organism, and in order to manage stress, and maintain stability, the allostatic systems activate an adaptive response. Stress has been shown to have both short - and long-term effects on the function of the gastrointestinal tract, but long-term exposure to stress is more likely to cause endocrine disorders.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the endocrine response to stress, and evaluate the relationship between somatization and gastrointestinal symptoms.Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on several academic databases, which included, Pubmed, EBSCO and Science Direct. The search was performed using the keywords, “endocrine response to stress”, “somatization” and “gastrointestinal symptoms”. Results: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is essential in controlling physiological stress responses. Dysfunction is related to several mental disorders, including anxiety and depression, or somatization. Symptoms associated with genetic, or other traumatic experiences of individuals under stress, can lead to a maladaptive response to stress. These stressful life events were found to be associated with digestive system-related chronic diseases. Gastrointestinal disorders significantly affect millions of people worldwide. Conclusion: This study examined how the endocrine system responds to stress, and the effect this has in causing stress-related gastrointestinal distresses. Our findings indicate that stress-related psychological disorders are strongly associated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms.Keywords: Stress, endocrine response, somatization, gastrointestinal symptoms.

scholarly journals Early maternal loss affects social integration of chimpanzees throughout their lifetime

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfriede Kalcher-Sommersguter ◽  
Signe Preuschoft ◽  
Cornelia Franz-Schaider ◽  
Charlotte K. Hemelrijk ◽  
Karl Crailsheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Maternal Loss ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Group Life ◽  
The Social

Abstract The long-term effects of early adverse experiences on later psychosocial functioning are well described in humans, but sparsely documented for chimpanzees. In our earlier studies, we investigated the effects of maternal and social deprivation on three groups of ex-laboratory chimpanzees who experienced either an early or later onset of long-term deprivation. Here we expand our research by adding data on subjects that came from two stable zoo groups. The groups comprised of early maternally deprived wild-caught chimpanzees and non-deprived zoo-born chimpanzees. We found that compared to zoo chimpanzees, ex-laboratory chimpanzees were more restricted regarding their association partners in the newly formed groups, but not during their second year of group-life, indicating that social stability has an important influence on the toleration of association partners close-by. Social grooming activity, however, was impaired in early long-term deprived ex-laboratory chimpanzees as well as in early maternally deprived zoo chimpanzees compared to non-deprived zoo chimpanzees. Thus, we conclude that early maternal loss has lifelong effects on the social integration of chimpanzees which becomes evident in their grooming networks. Although the retrospective nature of our study prevents a clear causal explanation, our results are of importance for understanding the development of social competence in chimpanzees.

The Untimely Death, Fall of the Male Figure and Disintegration of Family in Albee’s A Delicate Balance

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-258
Author(s):  
Arafat Abdali Rakhees ◽  
Jinan F. B. Al-Hajaj
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Dysfunctional Family ◽  
Sexual Deviation ◽  
Untimely Death ◽  
Delicate Balance ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One

Based on a Freudian psychoanalytic theory, this paper investigates the failures of 1 family in relation to the sudden and untimely death of their only son, Teddy in Edward’s Albee’s A Delicate Balance. It explores Tobias’s personality in terms of Freudian psychoanalytic concepts: sexuality, melancholia, the tripartite psyche and defence mechanisms in order to reveal the unconscious motivations for his behaviour and actions. It also exposes the underlying psychological causes that precipitate the emergence of Tobias’s abnormal character, sexual deviation and the defence mechanisms he adopts so as to defend his ego against feelings of pain and anxiety. The paper attempts to show that the traumatic experiences a person undergoes through his/her life affect his behaviour and actions, and leave a deep scar on his/her own psyche. Besides, it argues that the fear of the unknown, or death, is the catalyst for change in A Delicate Balance and the matter that impacts Tobias and triggers his perverse, passive and indifferent personality. In Albee’s A Delicate Balance, a dysfunctional family is troubled by the death of a family member that occurred more than 30 years ago. Teddy’s death has traumatised the entire household and dated its gradual downfall. Tobias, the father, seems to be the one most shaken by it and on whose account, each and every family member sustains heavy losses. The loss of Teddy makes Tobias hand his role as the head of the family over to his wife, Agnes, and causes his emotional and physical estrangement from her. Afraid to experience another heartbreak, Tobias almost cuts his emotional ties with his daughter, Julia who feels abandoned and unwanted after her brother’s death. Claire loses favour with her sister, Agnes, and sinks deeper in her mess. Suspecting her own sister of seducing Tobias right after Teddy’s death, Agnes incurs a triple loss of son, husband and sister. In all, the Tobias household is rocked to its foundation by Teddy’s death and its corollaries continue to embitter the family and disturb its balance.

The Locked Cage

2021 ◽  
pp. 162-174
Author(s):  
Kenya Johns ◽  
Natasha Barnes
Keyword(s):  
School System ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Academic Environment ◽  
It Impacts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

This chapter aims to discuss the on-going problems of mass incarceration within the USA and the impact it has on the family and the school system. Mass incarceration is a societal concern because it impacts those that are incarcerated and the families that they leave behind outside the cage. Those that are parents and are incarcerated not only have to deal with their decisions, their children do as well. It is estimated that more than 1.7 million children within the USA have experienced a parent or caregiver being incarcerated. Incarceration can have a negative effect on the students development within the classroom, leading to long-term traumatic experiences and negative behavioral, emotional academic performances within the classroom. This chapter explores the impact it has on the students and academic environment while provide tools to best support these students and families.

Ecology, childhood experiences, and adult attachment styles of women in the kibbutz

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Sharabany ◽  
Ofra Mayseless ◽  
Gilat Edri ◽  
Doron Lulav
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Continuous Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adult Attachment Styles ◽  
The Family

The present study exploited a “natural experiment” which covered variations in child-rearing conditions within the communal setting of the Israeli kibbutz. The long-term effects of these variations and of childhood experiences on attachment styles of adults were examined. Three groups of mothers who were raised in the kibbutz participated: (1) a Communal group, mothers raised communally and now raising their child communally; (2) a Familial group, mothers raised in the family and now raising their child in the family, and (3) a Non-continuous group, mothers raised communally and now raising their child in the family. In keeping with studies with infants, we expected the familial group to show the most security, the communal group to show the least security, and the non-continuous to be in between. Participants were 152 women with school-age children. They reported on their attachment styles and availability of significant others during childhood. Additionally, they evaluated the child-rearing context of themselves and of their children. The three groups did not differ in their attachment security or in the reported availability of significant others in childhood. They differed in their evaluations of their own and their children’s child-rearing contexts. Specifically, they had negative evaluations regarding the communal sleeping arrangement. Security of attachment was related to reported availability of significant others in childhood. These results are discussed in view of the differentiation between contextual-distal variables and process-proximal variables.

Dementia in an Aging World

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Thomas Fritze ◽  
Anne Fink ◽  
Gabriele Doblhammer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
The Family ◽  
Aging World

Both developed and developing countries are facing economic and social challenges posed by an aging population. Dementia is one of the most common diseases in old age and has major consequences for society. In 2013, an estimated 44.4 million people worldwide suffered from dementia, and this number is expected to increase to 135.5 million by 2050. The current worldwide costs of dementia have been estimated at $604 billion, primarily due to the high demand for care. There is no known cure for dementia; however, positive developments with respect to lifestyle and recognizing risk factors in young and middle ages might have positive long-term effects on the risk of dementia in old age. Prevention and adequate medical treatment of these risk factors might help postpone dementia into higher ages. In addition, assistive technologies may help to mitigate the family and caregiver burden.

Development of Androgyny: Parental Influences

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Anne Sedney
Keyword(s):  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Parental Influences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Role Development ◽  
Additional Consideration ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sex Typing ◽  
The Family

While many researchers have documented the existence of pressures toward traditional sex-typing in the family, schools, and media, little consideration has been given to the effectiveness of these sources in fostering more flexible orientations to sex-typing. The present paper focuses on the extent to which parents are able to influence their children toward the development of nonstereotyped behaviors, conceptualized here in terms of androgyny. This issue is examined through an exploration of several theories of sex-role development and empirical” research on sex-role development. Additional consideration of theories and research on life-span development and resistance among children in the current culture to nonstereotyped behavior lead to a distinction between short-term and long-term effects of nonsexist parental behavior. Although androgynous parents may not produce androgynous children, their children often do grow up to be androgynous adults.

The unconscious experience

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Significant Others ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Body Experiences ◽  
Chart Audits ◽  
Near Death Experiences ◽  
Primary Family

BACKGROUND: Although considerable research has been done on pathophysiology, metabolic and physical causes, and prognostic indicators, little is known about unconsciousness or coma from the perspective of the patient. OBJECTIVE: To describe the experiences of patients who were once documented as being unconscious. METHODS: Phenomenologic interviews were conducted with 100 patients whose records indicated that they had been unconscious during hospitalization. Interviews were also attempted with primary family members, significant others, or other external observers. Chart audits documenting the unconscious episode, medications, and diagnoses were also carried out. Data were compared, using van Kaam's method, and contrasted. RESULTS: Patients experienced one or more of five states: unconsciousness, inner consciousness, perceived unconsciousness, distorted consciousness, and paranormal experiences. They described hearing, understanding, and responding emotionally to what was being said when it was assumed they were not aware. In addition, 23 subjects reported near-death experiences or visits, out-of-body experiences, or some other paranormal experience. CONCLUSION: Patients' unconscious experiences can cause long-term effects. Patients often need reassurance that other patients subjected to similar conditions also have these experiences.

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