TWO NEW SATYRIDS FROM NORTH AMERICA

1948 ◽  
Vol 80 (1-12) ◽  
pp. 172-173
Author(s):  
Ralph L. Chermock
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Limbal Area

Male Length of primaries (measured from the base of the wing to the apex) 25-26 mm. Genitalia identical with those of Minois meadi meadi. Uppe: surface: the primaries as in typical meadi, with two small dark ocelli ringed with light reddish-yellow; the pupils reduced in the anterior ocelli and lacking in the posterior; the area btween the occclli may be suffused with reddish-yellow. Secondaries as in typical meadi, with a well developed submarginal ocellus between veins Cu1 and Cu2, which may or may not be pupilled with while. Lower surface: primaries similar to M. m. meadi. Secondaries with a well developed submarginal ocelllis between Cu1, and Cu2; additional ocelli may also be present between M1 and 2, and Cu1 and 2A. The ground color is homogeneous dull brown, with darker striae which are more sparsely distributed than in typical meadi, and tend to disappear in the limbal area. The dark transverse bands of meadi have almost completclv disappeared.

Phragmidium rubi-idaei. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Laundon
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Leaf Surfaces

Abstract A description is provided for Phragmidium rubi-idaei. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Rubus idaeus (raspberry) and a few wild Rubus species. DISEASE: Cane rust or western yellow rust of raspberry, infecting canes, leaves, petioles and fruiting laterals. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread throughout temperate areas in North America, Europe, U.S.S.R. and Japan. Also in Australia and New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: By wind-blown spores. Basidiospores arise from teliospores on dead leaves on the ground in early spring and infect through both leaf surfaces; aeciospores and urediospores apparently infect only through the lower surface (Zeller & Lund, 1934).

Phytophthora ilicis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hall
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Ilex Aquifolium ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Twig Blight ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora ilicis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Ilex aquifolium, I. aquifolium f. aureo-marginata. DISEASE: Produces a severe die-back disease (leaf and twig blight) of young and mature holly plants; a facultatively necrotrophic plant pathogen. Symptoms consist of black leaf spots, defoliation, twig die-back and berry infection. Limb and trunk cankers develop inside tissues. Leaf fall begins from the lower branches and progresses upwards producing shafts or pyramids of defoliation. The disease develops well in cool, wet weather but is checked during hot, dry periods. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe; UK (England), Netherlands. North America; USA (OR, WA). TRANSMISSION: By sporangia borne on sporangiophores which emerge through stomata on the lower surface of leaves. Sporangia are dispersed by rain-splash or by wind and infect leaves via wounds, or twigs via leaf scars. Growth of the mycelium from twigs extends into branches. Berries are infected in late winter and spring. Oospores are formed in leaf spots and in the cortex of dead twigs. They may act as perennating structures, allowing the fungus to survive over the summer and then germinate in cooler weather.

A NEW SPECIES OF PHYLLONORYCTER HBN. (= LITHOCOLLETIS HBN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: GRACILARIIDAE) FROM WESTERN NORTH AMERICA

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miktat Doğanlar ◽  
Akira Mutuura
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
A New Species

AbstractPhyllonorycter elmaella n sp. is described from specimens reared from ptychonomous mines on the lower surface of apple leaves from the vicinity of Vancouver, B.C. The species is compared with European P. sorbi (Frey) and the Japanese P. sorbicola (Kumata) n. comb., to which it is more closely similar than to species attacking apple and related trees in Eastern North America. The species has three generations a year and overwinters in the pupal stage.

scholarly journals Sawadaea Powdery Mildew of Box Elder (Acer negundo) in Wisconsin

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stanosz ◽  
D. Smith ◽  
J. Stanosz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Powdery Mildews ◽  
Box Elder ◽  
Norway Maple ◽  
White Mycelium ◽  
Powdery Mildew Pathogen

Box elder leaves affected by powdery mildew were collected from a single tree in an urban yard in the fall of 2006 in Madison, WI. As much as half of the area of the leaf blades, when viewed from above or below, was pale green-to-tan and necrotic. Mycelium was not visible to the eye on either the upper or lower leaf surfaces, but very sparse white mycelium was observed on the lower surface of leaves with the aid of a dissecting microscope. Chasmothecia were present singly or in groups of a few on the lower surface of leaves. Morphology of the chasmothecia, including simple and bifid appendages with uncinate to circinate apices, was sufficient to identify the pathogen to the genus Sawadaea (1). Other characters were not sufficiently distinct to make an identification of the species. However, DNA was extracted from the chasmothecia, and analysis of a 542-bp sequence of nuclear rDNA ITS (GenBank Accession No. EF122238) revealed a 100% match with the respective sequence obtained from Genbank for S. bicornis (Accession No. AB193380). A specimen from which these chasmothecia were obtained has been deposited in the U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI 877328). S. bicornis is a European pathogen of maples, including box elder when grown there (1). Knowledge of the geographic distribution and hosts of Sawadaea powdery mildews in North America is extremely limited. S. bicornis was first reported in North America only recently, occurring in the states of Idaho and Washington on Norway maple (Acer platanoides) (3). The morphologically very similar European powdery mildew pathogen of maples, S. tulasnei, is known only from New York, Ohio, and Montreal, Canada (4), and an unidentified Sawadaea species on box elder has been reported from California (2). References (1) U. Braun. The Powdery Mildews (Erysiphales) of Europe. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena-Stuttgart-New York, 1995. (2) S. Hirose et al. Mycol. Res. 109:912, 2005. (3) C. Nischwitz and G. Newcombe. Plant Dis. 87:451, 2003. (4) J. Weiland and G. Stanosz. Plant Dis. 90:830, 2006.

Cercospora carbonacea. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Little
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Cercospora carbonacea. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Dioscoria spp. DISEASE: Leaf spot of yams. Causes fairly large, 5-20 mm, angular leaf spots, which are usually delimited by the leaf veins. The dark brown to almost black leaf spots give an almost charred appearance to the leaves, while on the lower surface the spots are grey becoming brown with age. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Asia: Burma, India, North America: Canada (Ontario), West Indies (Barbados, Grenada, Jamaica, St. Vincent, Puerto Rico, Trinidad); South America: Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by wind-borne and rain-splash dispersed conidia, surviving adverse periods in crop debris.

A new perspective on Punctelia subrudecta (Parmeliaceae) in North America: previously rejected morphological characters corroborate molecular phylogenetic evidence and provide insight into an old problem

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. LENDEMER ◽  
Brendan P. HODKINSON
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Its2 Sequence ◽  
The North ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractIn North America the names Punctelia subrudecta and P. perreticulata have variously been applied to corticolous sorediate Punctelia specimens with lecanoric acid and a pale lower surface. ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 sequence data were generated from a geographically and morphologically broad sampling from within these specimens, and a molecular phylogeny was inferred. A combined approach using morphology, geography, and phylogeny was used to circumscribe three distinct species in North America, one of which is described as new to science (P. caseana), one of which is finally confirmed for the continent (P. jeckeri), and one whose original circumscription is validated (P. perreticulata). The phylogeny inferred from ITS sequence data supports the taxonomic value of the following morphological characters for distinguishing species in this group: presence/absence of pruina; conidium type and length (although see discussion of P. jeckeri), and presence/absence of scrobiculae on the upper surface. A key to the North American species of Punctelia is provided.

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