Reaction of Wheat Varieties to Tetranychus sinhai Baker (Acarina: Tetranychidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 838-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. H. Wallace ◽  
R. N. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Natural Infestation

AbstractTwenty-five varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and 25 durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) grown in the Western Canadian Co-operative Tests were studied at Morden, Manitoba, in 1964, for their resistance to natural infestation by a spider mite, Tetranychus sinhai Baker. Some of these were heavily infested whereas others showed no infestation. The differences were statistically significant. Generally, the commonly grown varieties, such as, Selkirk, Thatcher, Ramsey, Stewart were resistant, but some of the hybrid varieties, such as Sask. 6070, Q2331-5 under test were susceptible.

Making control decisions for Sitodiplosis mosellana (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in wheat (Gramineae) using sticky traps

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Lamb ◽  
I.L. Wise ◽  
J.E. Gavloski ◽  
L.A. Kaminski ◽  
O.O. Olfert
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Economic Threshold ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Sitodiplosis Mosellana ◽  
Wheat Midge ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Wheat midge larvae, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), attack developing seeds and cause losses of common wheat, Triticum aestivum L., and durum wheat, Triticum durum Desf. (Olfert et al. 1985; Lamb et al. 1999). Insecticide applied as the crop flowers can reduce damage (Elliott 1988). The economic threshold varies from 4 to 7% of common wheat seeds infested by larvae, depending upon grade of wheat and cost of insecticidal control (Lamb et al. 2000). To make control decisions, farmers count adults at sunset during the period from heading to flowering (Elliott and Mann 1996), and apply insecticide if densities reach a nominal threshold of one adult per four or five wheat spikes (Anonymous 1993). Decisions must be made although no relationship has been detected between the number of adults in the crop and subsequent densities of damaging larvae (Oakley et al. 1998), and farmers have little confidence in their counts. The pest is difficult to sample because adults are small, short-lived, crepuscular, and are usually hidden in the crop canopy (Pivnick and Labbé 1993); eggs are microscopic (Mukerji et al. 1988); larvae feed inside florets (Lamb et al. 2000); and mature larvae and pupae are in the soil (Lamb et al. 1999). Sticky traps have been used to sample midges in sorghum (Merchant and Teetes 1992) and in wheat (Oakley et al. 1998), with mixed results. Our objective was to determine if catches of wheat midge adults on sticky traps can effectively guide farmers in making control decisions.

Effect of algae Ecklonia maxima extract (Kelpak SL) on yields of common wheat, durum wheat and spelt wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
GRZEGORZ SZUMIŁO ◽  
LESZEK RACHOŃ ◽  
BARBARA KROCHMAL-MARCZAK
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Ecklonia Maxima ◽  
Spelt Wheat

The 3-year experiment was concerned with the response of spring forms of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum), durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta L. em. Thell.) to the foliar application of a plant growth stimulant (extract from marine algae Ecklonia maxima), with the commercial name of Kelpak SL (GS), as compared to control treatment (C). The following parameters were analysed: yield of grain, yield components (number of ears, weight of 1000 kernels, number and weight of kernels per ear) and physical indicators of grain quality (test weight, uniformity and vitreosity of grain). The study showed that the level of yielding and the yield components were related primarily with the wheat genotype, but they depended also on the agro-climatic conditions and on the algae extract and control experimental treatments. The application of algae extract, compared to the control, caused a significant increase in the yields of the spring wheat species under study, on average by 7.0%. Canopy spraying with algae extract had a favourable effect on the number of ears, on he number and weight of kernels per ear, but it had no effect on the weight of 1000 kernels. The grain quality of durum wheat, spelt wheat and common wheat was affected more strongly by the weather conditions in the successive years of the study and by the genotype than by the foliar application of algae extract. The spelt genotypes were characterised by lower yields and lower grain quality than common wheat and the durum wheat genotypes.

Triticum polonicum L. as potential source material for the biofortification of wheat with essential micronutrients

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Bieńkowska ◽  
Elżbieta Suchowilska ◽  
Wolfgang Kandler ◽  
Rudolf Krska ◽  
Marian Wiwart
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Triticum Polonicum ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Modern Wheat ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Source Materials

AbstractThe grain of modern wheat cultivars has a significantly lower mineral content, including the content of copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorous, selenium and zinc. For this reason cereal breeders, are constantly searching for new genetic sources of minerals that are essential in human nutrition. Triticum polonicum, which is grown on a small scale in Spain, southern Italy, Algeria, Ethiopia and warm regions of Asia, deserves special attention in this context. The micronutrient and macronutrient content of T. polonicum versus T. durum and T. aestivum was compared in this study. Polish wheat grain was characterized by the significantly highest content of phosphorus (4.55 g/kg), sulphur (1.82 g/kg), magnesium (1.42 g/kg), zinc (49.5 mg/kg), iron (39.1 mg/kg) and boron (0.56 mg/kg) as well as a low content of aluminium (only 1.04 mg/kg). The macronutrient profile of most T. polonicum lines differed completely from that of common wheat and durum wheat. The principal component analysis supported discrimination of seven Polish wheat lines with a particularly beneficial micronutrient profile (P2, P3, P5, P7, P9, P22 and P25). These lines were characterized by the highest content of copper, iron and zinc, as well as the lowest concentrations of strontium, aluminium and barium which are undesirable in food products. The above lines can be potentially applied as source materials for breeding new wheat varieties. The results of this study indicate that Polish wheat could be used in genetic biofortification of durum wheat and common wheat.

scholarly journals The occurrence of fungi on roots and stem bases of common wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare L.) and durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) grown under two levels of chemical protection

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Irena Kiecana ◽  
Leszek Rachoń ◽  
Elżbieta Mielniczuk ◽  
Grzegorz Szumiło
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Chemical Protection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
The University

Investigations were carried out in 2007-2009 on the plots of the Felin Experimental Station belonging to the University of Life Science in Lublin. The studies comprised two cultivation lines of durum wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i> L.): STH 716 and STH 717, as well as the 'Tonacja' cultivar of common wheat (<i>T. aestivum</i> ssp. <i>vulgare</i> L.). Two levels of chemical protection were applied in the cultivation: minimal and complex protection. Infection of wheat roots and stem bases was recorded in each growing season at hard dough stage (87 in Tottman's scale, 1987). After three years of study, the mean disease indexes for the analyzed wheat genotypes in the experimental treatment with minimal protection were 31.13, 30.43 and 38.83 for, respectively, the 'Tonacja' cultivar and the cultivation lines of <i>T. durum</i> STH 716 and STH 717. In the experimental combination with complex protection, after three years of study the disease indexes ranged from 25.26 (<i>T. durum</i> STH 716) to 30.83 (<i>T. durum</i> STH 717). The results of mycological analysis of diseased plants showed that <i>Fusarium</i> spp., especially <i>F. culmorum</i>, <i>F. avenaceum</i> as well as <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, caused root rot and necrosis of wheat stem bases. The analyzed chemical protection levels did not significantly influence grain yield of the investigated genotypes of <i>T. aestivum</i> and <i>T. durum</i>.

scholarly journals Albumin content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) as affected by the environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Branković ◽  
Vesna Dragičević ◽  
Dejan Dodig ◽  
Desimir Knežević ◽  
Borislav Kobiljski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Albumin Content ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf
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