The Mediating Effect of Depression in the Relationship between Muscle Strength of Extremities and Falls among Community-Dwelling Elderly

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoung-Sook Park ◽  
Kyung-Yeon Park
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
The Relationship

Developing a model of the determinants of medication nonadherence in older community-dwelling patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 942-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Affraic McLoughlin ◽  
Kathleen Bennett ◽  
Caitriona Cahir
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Medication Nonadherence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Older Populations ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Medication nonadherence is associated with adverse health outcomes in older populations. The aim of this study was to develop a model that describes the relationship between the determinants of nonadherence, per the World Health Organization (WHO) model of nonadherence and the necessity–concerns framework (NCF) and nonadherence in a cohort of older community-dwelling patients. A retrospective cohort study of 855 community-dwelling patients aged ≥70 years from 15 practices. Medication nonadherence was assessed by (i) medication possession ratio (MPR < 80%) and (ii) the median MPR across all drugs dispensed. Patient questionnaires, interviews, and medical records measured the determinants of nonadherence per the WHO and NCF frameworks. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was undertaken to generate the model of best fit. Two structural equation models (SEM) were developed to evaluate the relationship between the WHO factors, the NCF, and nonadherence (Model 1: MPR < 80%, Model 2: median MPR). The CFA produced a reasonable fit (χ2(113) = 203, p < .001; root mean square error of approximation = 0.03; comparative fit index = 0.98, and weighted root mean square residual = 0.97) and adequate internal consistency (r = .26–.40). SEM analysis (Model 1) showed a significant direct relationship between patient-related (β = 0.45, p < .01), socioeconomic (β = 0.20, p < .01), and therapy-related factors (β = −0.27, p < .01) and nonadherence (MPR < 80%). Similar results were found for Model 2 (median MPR). There was a significant direct relationship between medication concerns (β = −0.13, p < .01) and nonadherence. Therapy-related (β = −0.04, p < .05) and patient-related factors (β = −0.06, p < .05) also had a significant mediating effect on nonadherence through medication concerns. Health care professionals need to address medication concerns and management of adverse effects in older populations to improve adherence and clinical outcomes.

Association Between Toe Flexor Strength and Activity Levels in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-364
Author(s):  
Mieko Yokozuka ◽  
Chie Miki ◽  
Makoto Suzuki ◽  
Rieko Katsura
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Toe Flexor Strength ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Flexor Strength

This study aimed to explore the relationship between toe flexor strength and the daily activity levels in 56 Japanese older women aged between 70 and 88 years. The activity levels were measured as the average number of steps/day using a pedometer and the life space assessment (LSA) scores. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare toe flexor muscle strength and the LSA scores between those with fewer than and more than 6,000 steps/day. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between toe grip strength according to age and each variable. The LSA scores were significantly higher in the group with >6,000 steps/day (β = 0.188, p < .05). A correlation was found between the number of steps/day and toe flexor strength (r = .424, β = 0.419, p < .05) and the LSA scores (r = .417, β = 0.435, p < .05) in the participants in their 80s. Increasing the number of steps/day may benefit women in their 80s.

scholarly journals Mediating effect of empowerment on the relationship between global function and personal recovery among community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuen Tai Lee ◽  
Shih Kai Lee ◽  
Mei Jou Lu ◽  
Wen Ling Hsieh ◽  
Wen I. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Recovery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Function ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Functional degradation among community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia can negatively influence their recovery. Given the importance of patient empowerment during recovery, this study examined the mediating effect of empowerment on the relationship between global function and personal recovery among community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia from northern and central Taiwan. Questionnaires with verified reliability and validity were provided and collected on site by trained nurses. Global function, empowerment, and personal recovery were measured using the Global Assessment of Functioning (developed by the American Psychiatric Association), Empowerment Scale, and Questionnaire on the Process of Recovery, respectively. The causal steps approach proposed by Baron and Kenny and the Sobel test were utilized to verify the mediation effect. The causal steps approach tested the four following pathways (regression coefficients): global function on empowerment (Path a), global function and empowerment as predictors of personal recovery (Path b), global function on personal recovery (Path c), and global function and empowerment on personal recovery (Path c’). Results A total of 373 participants completed the survey. After controlling for factors associated with recovery, Paths a (β = .24, p < .001), b (β = .68, p < .001), and c (β = .19, p < .001) were found to be significant; however, Path c’ was not significant (β = .03, p = .452). Empowerment was determined to exert “full mediation” over the effects of global function on personal recovery, and the Sobel test indicating significant mediation (Z = 3.61, p < .001). Conclusions Empowerment fully mediates the association between global function and personal recovery. This study suggested that offering empowerment-oriented care services may be more effective than global function improvement in recovery among these patients.

Attachment, self-esteem, and subjective well-being among people in China aged 50 and over: The role of self-compassion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Ding ◽  
Zikun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Relationship

We explored the relationships among adult attachment, self-esteem, and subjective well-being of older people, and the moderating role of self-compassion. Using data obtained from a survey conducted with 308 community-dwelling adults aged from 51 to 79 years in China’s Shandong Province, we found that self-esteem mediated the effects of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance on subjective well-being. Furthermore, self-compassion not only moderated the relationship between attachment anxiety and self-esteem, but also moderated the mediating effect of self-esteem in the relationship between attachment anxiety and subjective well-being. The results not only extend understanding of the relationships that exist between adult attachment and subjective well-being, but also have implications for improving the psychological health and well-being of adults in later life.

scholarly journals Sleep Mediates the Relationship Between Depression and Cognitive Impairment in Older Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155798831982576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Rung Wu ◽  
Pin-Yuan Chen ◽  
Shu-Hua Hsieh ◽  
Hui-Chuan Huang ◽  
Yu-Ting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
The Relationship

Sleep and depression are strongly associated with cognitive impairment. The role of sleep disturbances in the adverse effect of depression on cognitive dysfunction in older adults remains unclear. This study explored the mediating effect of self-reported sleep disturbances on the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment in older adults according to sex differences. This study derived data from the 2009 Taiwan National Health Interview Survey and included 2,175 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older (men = 991; women = 1,184). Sleep disturbances were measured using self-reported survey questions. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale was used to assess depression. The Mini-Mental State Examination was used to evaluate cognitive impairment. A higher proportion of female older persons had cognitive impairment and depression than male older persons (cognition: 24.4% vs. 11.5%; depression: 17.0% vs. 10.8%). The meditating effect of sleep was detected in only men. Difficulty in initiating sleep was a complete mediator of the adverse effect of depression on cognitive impairment (Sobel test: p = .03). In summary, difficultly in initiating sleep may be a crucial, treatable mediator of the adverse effect of depression on cognitive impairment in older men.

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