scholarly journals Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine and bladder cancer incidence: Scoping literature review and preliminary analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sabrina Trigo ◽  
Kaitlin Gonzalez ◽  
Livio Di Matteo ◽  
Asmaa Ismail ◽  
Hazem Elmansy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
The Impact

Background: The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine has long been used for the prevention of tuberculosis (TB) around the world. BCG is also used as an immunotherapy agent for the treatment of non-muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer. This scoping literature review and preliminary data analysis aims to summarize the literature correlating infantile BCG vaccination with the incidence of future bladder cancer. Methods: Studies were identified by a formal literature search of MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Registrar of Controlled Trials following PRISMA guidelines. Preliminary data analysis was conducted on publicly accessible data summarizing the impact of gender, BCG vaccination, and socio-economic effects on crude and age-standardized rates of bladder cancer. Results: As part of our analysis, preliminary regression models demonstrated BCG vaccination status, gender, and socio-economic status to have statistically significant effects on crude and age-standardized rates of bladder cancer incidence. BCG vaccination was associated with a 35-37% lower age-standardized rate of bladder cancer incidence. Conclusions: There is very little literature examining the relationship between prior BCG vaccination and rates of bladder cancer incidence. Our limited data analysis indicates that a relationship does exist between infantile BCG vaccination and later bladder cancer development, although extensive future investigation is needed in this area.

scholarly journals The impact of health on economic and social outcomes in the United Kingdom: A scoping literature review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e0209659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Gondek ◽  
Ke Ning ◽  
George B. Ploubidis ◽  
Bilal Nasim ◽  
Alissa Goodman
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
The Impact

Efficacy of bacillus Calmette-Guérin in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer: The impact of previous intravesical treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 976-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiko Okamura ◽  
Hidetoshi Akita ◽  
Makoto Imura ◽  
Tomoyoshi Kaneko ◽  
Kentaro Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Superficial Bladder Cancer ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Intravesical Treatment ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Statistical Tools in Project Management Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Brian J. Galli
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Projects are very important to all organizations, as project managers view various issues in the organization from a higher perspective. The conclusions drawn from these projects determine the base on which various decisions affecting the organizations will be made. This paper introduces the statistical analysis tools used in various project environments to differentiate between the effective and ineffective tools of statistical analysis. Statistical analysis tools are useful in analyzing data collected for a study to be conducted on the same data. The literature review illustrates how statistical analysis tools have been effective and useful to researchers. Over time, more effective statistical tools will be invented that will improve the process of data analysis. The findings on different statistical analysis tools will also be highlighted. Thus, the discussions show the impact, applications, and lessons learned from the statistical analysis tools by the project managers and engineers. The study will also present the limitations, along with the conclusions and recommendations.

scholarly journals Intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Treatment for T1 High-Grade Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer with Divergent Differentiation or Variant Morphologies

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2615
Author(s):  
Makito Miyake ◽  
Nobutaka Nishimura ◽  
Kota Iida ◽  
Tomomi Fujii ◽  
Ryoma Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Divergent Differentiation ◽  
Intravesical Bcg ◽  
The Impact

The 2016 World Health Organization classification newly described infiltrating urothelial carcinoma (UC) with divergent differentiation (DD) or variant morphologies (VMs). Data comparing oncological outcomes after bladder-preservation therapy using intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) treatment among T1 bladder pure UC (pUC), UC with DD (UC-DD), and UC with VMs (UC-VM) are limited. We evaluated 1490 patients with T1 high-grade bladder UC who received intravesical BCG during 2000–2019. They were classified into three groups: 93.6% with pUC, 4.4% with UC-DD, and 2.0% with UC-VM. Recurrence-free, progression-free, and cancer-specific survival following intravesical BCG were compared among the groups using multivariate Cox regression analysis, also used to estimate inverse probability of treatment weighting-adjusted hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for the outcomes. Glandular differentiation and micropapillary variant were the most common forms in the UC-DD and UC-VM groups, respectively. Of 1490 patients, 31% and 13% experienced recurrence and progression, respectively, and 5.0% died of bladder cancer. Survival analyses revealed the impact of concomitant VMs was significant for cancer-specific survival, but not recurrence-free and progression-free survival compared with that of pUC. Our analysis clearly demonstrated that concomitant VMs were associated with aggressive behavior in contrast to concomitant DD in patients treated with intravesical BCG.

scholarly journals Mengingkatkan Kemampuan Guru Menulis Karya Ilmiah Dengan Menghadirkan Guru Tamu Di Sekolah

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Nyoman Tingkat
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Credit Score ◽  
Academic Conference ◽  
Innovative Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The aim of this article is to know the effectiveness of the presence of a guest teacher for the teachers in SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan to produce a various research. Since PKG (Penilaian Kinerja Guru) has been implementing from January 1, 2013, teachers could not have a promotion in 2 years if they were not an administrator or in IV/a level. It happened because it needed a credit score of the continuing professional development in every preferment if teachers wanted to have a promotion from III/a to III/b. Then, for III/b and above, they need to complete the credit score through a scientific publication and or an innovative work. This research used literature review, questionnaire, observation sheets and interview in collecting the data. Meanwhile the data analysis used was descriptive qualitative. The results showed two points. First, the presence of a guest teacher through a workshop in SMA N 1 Kuta Selatan could increase teachers’ ability to produce a research and an innovative work. The impact was on the teacher’s promotion in the first cycle from no one to three people (7,69%) in the second cycle. The number of teachers who made proposal and were ready to present it in an academic conference were increasing from three people (7,69%) in the first cycle to eight people (20,51%) in the second cycle. Teachers who wrote scientific articles in an ISSN journal were also increasing from four people (10,25%) in the first cycle to five people (12,82%) in the second cycle. Second, the teachers’ response were also increasing toward the presence of a guest teacher from 72,22%, which was a neutral category in the first cycle, to 83,33%,  a good category in the second cycle. Its effect the students’ achievements, from 72 medals in the first cycle to 88 medals in the second cycle.

scholarly journals HIP IMO Report: Analyzing Phenotypic Properties of Bladder Cancer Using Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) Models

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Sherwin
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equation ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Bacillus Calmette Guerin ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Ode Models ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBladder cancer is composed of proliferative and immunogenic phenotypes, which ultimately play a significant role in the growth of the tumor. By using ordinary differential equation models, this paper models the impact of high and low immunogenic cell populations on non-muscle invasive bladder cancer when treated with and without the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine. Furthermore, this paper models the impact that the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine has on inflammatory cytokines, which inhibit the growth of tumors by stimulating an immune response. We focus primarily on how the immunogenicity phenotype impacts population dynamics in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

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