scholarly journals The restitution of two Guanche mummies from Tenerife by Necochea (Argentina)

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Conrado Rodríguez-Martín ◽  
Rafael González-Antón ◽  
Mercedes Martín Oval ◽  
Candelaria Rosario ◽  
Mercedes Del Arco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
National Government ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Important Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century

Two Guanche mummies from Tenerife along with a complete archaeological collection, were purchased by Argentinean businessmen at the end of the 19th century. The two mummies were kept at the Museo de Ciencias Naturales in the tourist city of Necochea (Buenos Aires Province) since the 1920’s. These specimens were restituted to the island of Tenerife (to the Museo Arqueológico de Tenerife, Organismo Autónomo de Museos y Centros of the Cabildo de Tenerife-the government of the island) in September 2003, following two years of negotiation between Spanish and Argentinean officials. The key part of the agreement was carried out by the President of the Organism along with the Canarian Institute of Bioanthropology and the Archaeological Museum, and the Municipality of Necochea and the National Government of Argentina. This paper deals with the story of the mummies and the steps followed by both parts to a successful restitution: indeed, an important development in the history of mummy studies and archaeology.

The political and legal views of Mikhail Speranskiy in the Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 290-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Yu. Pochekaev
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Government Reform ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The 19Th Century

Mikhail Speranskiy, an outstanding Russian statesman and legislator of the first half of the 19th century, was Governor-General of Siberia from 1819 to 1821. The main result of this moment in his career was the government reform in Asiatic Russia as well as the formulation in 1822 of a set of codes – rules and regulations – for Siberia and its peoples. Speranskiy tried to incorporate his theories on state and law into these codifications. One of these codes was the Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz which provided for a reform of the government system of the Kazakhs (‘Kirghiz’ in the Russian pre-revolutionary tradition) of the Middle Horde, who were under the control of Siberian regional authorities. The Middle Horde became a place where Speranskiy could experiment with his ideas. Previous researchers have paid more attention to the consequences of the promulgation of the ‘Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz’ for the later history of Kazakhstan. This paper clarifies which specific ideas of Speranskiy on state and law the Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz reflect, and answers the question of whether they had practical importance. A substantial part of the ‘Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz’ was, in fact, ineffective and would not be used in practice because of Speranskiy’s lack of knowledge of the Kazakhs, and his underrating of their political and legal level. At the same time, the authority of Speranskiy in 19th century Russia as legislator and reformer was so high that his Rules on the Siberian Kirghiz remained in force until the 1860’s, when the next substantial administrative reforms of the Kazakh steppe took place.


scholarly journals Ramón J. Cárcano: ejercicio de la historiografía, liberalismo y diplomacia. Una aproximación

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-97
Author(s):  
Eduardo A.  Escudero
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Times ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Different Levels

Resumen  Este artículo se acerca a una figura, aunque de algún modo principal, un tanto descuidada por la historia de la historiografía en la Argentina y en Latinoamérica: la del cordobés Ramón J. Cárcano (1860-1946). Se está en presencia de un historiador liberal que suelda su intervención intelectual y política con una tradición historiográfica fundada en Buenos Aires, mixturando a su vez esa práctica, por cierto constante y sistemática, en los tiempos e instancias de un derrotero clásico, propio de un miembro destacado de la elite política del reformismo liberal, que ubica a la historia en la médula de su disputa por el poder.  El examen propuesto documenta e interpreta el esfuerzo de síntesis historiográfica resuelto por Cárcano, concreción que proyecta el territorio historiográfico al plano de la historia diplomática y política y está dispuesto a indagar, fundamentalmente, las vinculaciones entre Argentina y Brasil durante gran parte del siglo XIX. Asimismo, se busca arribar a la conceptualización que el mismo intelectual efectuara sobre la Historia y sobre su propia labor historiográfica en el contexto argentino con sus respectivos referentes, recuperando luego las voces de sus críticos para acceder al lugar ocupado por el cordobés en distintos planos del panorama intelectual e historiográfico de la Argentina y de Brasil desde finales del siglo XIX hasta casi finalizados los años treinta.  Palabras clave  Historiografía, Liberalismo, Diplomacia.  Abstract  This article approaches a figure, albeit somehow principal, rather overlooked by the history of historiography in Argentina: that of the Cordobese Ramón J. Cárcano (1860-1946). One is in front of a liberal historian that welds his intellectual and political intervention into a historiographic tradition founded in Buenos Aires, mixing simultaneously that practice, incidentally constant and systematic, in the times and moments of a classic course characteristic of an outstanding member of the political elite of liberal reformism, placing history in the heart of the power dispute.  The analysis proposed documents and interprets the effort of historiographic synthesis resolved by Cárcano, a realisation that projects the historiographic territory onto the plane of diplomatic and poltical history, and is ready to investigate, fundamentally, the links between Argentina and Brazil during a great part of the 19th century. Likewise, the intention is to arrive at the conceptualisation which the intellectual himself would make about History and his own historiography work in the Argentinian context with its respective references, retrieving later on his critics’ voices, to access the position of the Cordobese in the different levels of the intellectual and historiographic panorama in Argentina and Brazil from the end of the 19th century to the late thirties.  Key Words  Historiography, Liberalism, Diplomacy.

scholarly journals К вопросу присоединения Средней Азии к России (обзор некоторых башкирских письменных источников второй половины XIX в.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1234-1242
Author(s):  
Minlegali Kh. Nadergulov ◽  
◽  
Ilshat S. Igdavletov
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

Introduction. The article studies southeastern policies of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century, its campaigns and the annexation of Central Asia. Goals. The work analyzes reasons for the activation of foreign policy in the region during the mentioned period. The course and goals of the conquest of the Khanates of Kokand and Khiva, Emirate of Bukhara are considered. Materials. The paper investigates data contained in reports by the State Councilor М. Bekchurin, and one more document ― Arabic-script travel records (manuscript) by a private soldier Husniyar currently stored at the Manuscript Collection of the Institute of History, Language and Literature (Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RAS) and for the first time studied as a historical source. Results. Messages about the beauty of Eastern cities and Asian wealth had long attracted attention of Russian monarchs. Finally, Russia’s attempts to penetrate into Central Asia were crowned with success. In just two decades, the vast country further extended its borders far to the south and became a neighbor of another one ― the British Empire. Nowadays, the study of the history of establishing relations with Kazakhstan and Central Asia, when the southeastern borders of Russia almost returned to those of the early 18th century, is relevant and practically expedient. Reports by State Councilor M. Bekchurin reveal the economic objectives of the government: Russian industry and trade were looking for new markets for their products. So, M. Bekchurin gives his suggestions how to facilitate the growth of trade. The manuscript of Husniyar’s travel notes contains observations of an ordinary soldier, his attitude and experience as a Muslim in the campaign against his co-religionists. The source makes it possible to present the set and route of one military formation. Both the documents provide an opportunity to depict this region in the late 19th century. Currently, there are independent countries across this territory with different state borders, and the ethnic composition of many settlements has changed significantly.

All scientists now: the Royal Society in the nineteenth century

1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-134
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Natural Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
John Herschel ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century

Marie Boas Hall, All scientists now: the Royal Society in the nineteenth century , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984. Pp. xii + 261, £25.00. ISBN: 0-521-26746-3. The effort and meticulous scholarship which characterized Hall’s studies of 17th century science and which (together with the work of her husband) transformed the study of the Scientific Revolution and laid the foundations for current studies of this period, have been utilized in this history of the Royal Society in the 19th century. As with her work on Henry Oldenburg and the formative years of the Royal Society in the 17th century, she has found in the 19th century a period of extraordinary interest. The study opens with the Society, unbeknown to itself, only half way through the Presidency of Joseph Banks. The Society’s Fellowship comprised those who were what we would now call scientists (though few professionals) and those who were interested in natural knowledge either intellectually or for practical purposes - there being a very strong contingent of Admiralty and Naval Fellows who were closely connected with Banks’s patronage. When the study ends, in 1899, the Society was composed mainly of professional scientists. The first half of the book shows how this change was wrought by professional scientists consciously striving to exclude those Fellows representing broader cultural interests - thereby depriving the Society of many non-scientists who would, like their predecessors, have been useful Fellows in forging links between the Society and other parts of society. Thus the election of the Duke of Sussex against John Herschel for President in 1830 is well discussed, as is the subsequent reform movement leading up to the change of the Statutes in 1847. The second half of the book is devoted to discussing what the Society did, apart from act as a meeting place for Fellows to learn about each others’ work. This concentrates on the encouragement of science (and of scientific exploration), relations with other learned societies and with the government. It is in these latter two subjects that the chief motors propelling the Society to restrict membership almost entirely to practising scientists are to be found.

THE IDEA OF «COMMUNITY» IN THE GOVERNMENT CONCEPTS OF GALICIA OF THE XIX – BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Liubomyr Ilyn
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze and systematize the views of social and political thinkers of Galicia in the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. on the right and manner of organizing a nation-state as a cathedral. Method. The methodology includes a set of general scientific, special legal, special historical and philosophical methods of scientific knowledge, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematic and comprehensive. The problem-chronological approach made it possible to identify the main stages of the evolution of the content of the idea of catholicity in Galicia's legal thought of the 19th century. Results. It is established that the idea of catholicity, which was borrowed from church terminology, during the nineteenth century. acquired clear legal and philosophical features that turned it into an effective principle of achieving state unity and integrity. For the Ukrainian statesmen of the 19th century. the idea of catholicity became fundamental in view of the separation of Ukrainians between the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires. The idea of unity of Ukrainians of Galicia and the Dnieper region, formulated for the first time by the members of the Russian Trinity, underwent a long evolution and received theoretical reflection in the work of Bachynsky's «Ukraine irredenta». It is established that catholicity should be understood as a legal principle, according to which decisions are made in dialogue, by consensus, and thus able to satisfy the absolute majority of citizens of the state. For Galician Ukrainians, the principle of unity in the nineteenth century. implemented through the prism of «state» and «international» approaches. Scientific novelty. The main stages of formation and development of the idea of catholicity in the views of social and political figures of Halychyna of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries are highlighted in the work. and highlighting the distinctive features of «national statehood» that they promoted and understood as possible in the process of unification of Ukrainian lands into one state. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal studies, preparation of special courses.

Byelorussian Nationalism and Western Russianism: the Problem of Confrontation

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the relationship between Western Russianism (Zapadnorusizm) and Byelorussian nationalism. Byelorussian nationalism is much younger than Western Russianism, finally shaping only in the end of the 19th century. Before 1917 revolution Byelorussian nationalism could not compete with Western Russianism. The national policy of the Bolsheviks contributed to the decline of Western Russianism and helped Byelorussian nationalism to gain stronger positions. However, Byelorussian nationalists actively cooperated with the occupation authorities during the Great Patriotic war. That caused distinctly negative attitude of Byelorussians towards the movement and collaborators. Currently, Byelorussian nationalism is supported both by the opposition and by the government. Western Russianism has no political representation, but is supported by the majority of Byelorussian population.

Reasons for the Onset of the Uniat Clergy’s Movement Towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the Beginning of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 293-317
Author(s):  
Protopriest Alexander Romanchuk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Latin Church ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Church Service ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article studies the system of pre-conditions that caused the onset of the uniat clergy’s movement towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the beginning of the 19th century. The author comes to the conclusion that the tendency of the uniat clergy going back to Orthodoxy was the result of certain historic conditions, such as: 1) constant changes in the government policy during the reign of Emperor Pavel I and Emperor Alexander I; 2) increasing latinization of the uniat church service after 1797 and Latin proselytism that were the result of the distrust of the uniats on the part of Roman curia and representatives of Polish Catholic Church of Latin church service; 3) ecclesiastical contradictions made at the Brest Church Union conclusion; 4) division of the uniat clergy into discordant groups and the increase of their opposition to each other on the issue of latinization in the first decades of the 19th century. The combination of those conditions was a unique phenomenon that never repeated itself anywhere.

MASJID BESAR RAJA HAJI ABDUL GHANI PULAU BURU KEPULAUAN RIAU

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurman Kholis
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
District Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chinese Buddhists ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Level Government

Abstract. Many Muslims in the Riau Islands do not know the history of the development of Islamic theory from the center of power to spread to various corners. This is as the existence of the Great Mosque of Raja Haji Abdul Ghani (MBRHAG) on Buru Island, Karimun. Thus, to uncover the existence of this mosque, qualitative research methods are used so that history, architecture, and socio-religious functions can be known. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that the establishment of MBRHAG was initiated by Raja Haji Abdul Ghani. He was the first Amir (sub-district level government) of the kingdom of Riau-Lingga on Buru Island, in the 19th century. The architecture is a Chinese. Therefore, on the right side of this mosque is around 200 m, there is also the Sam Po Teng Temple and the Tri Dharma Dewa Bumi. Thus, the close location of the mosque with Chinese and Confucian worship houses's shows a harmonious relationship between Malay Muslims and Chinese Buddhists. In fact, in the continuation of this relationship there was information that a Chinese Buddhist had joined a Muslim friend to fast for half a month of Ramadan.Keywords: Mosque, Malay Muslims, Chinese Buddhists/Confucians, Harmonious RelationsAbstrak. Umat Islam di Kepulauan Riau banyak yang tidak mengenal sejarah perkembangan ajaran Islam dari pusat kekuasaan hingga tersebar ke berbagai pelosok. Hal ini sebagaimana keberadaan Masjid Besar Raja Haji Abdul Ghani (MBRHAG) di Pulau Buru, Karimun. Dengan demikian, untuk mengungkapkan keberadaan masjid ini digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif  agar dapat diketahui sejarah, arsitektur, dan fungsi sosial keagamaannya.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pendirian MBRHAG diprakarsai oleh Raja Haji Abdul Ghani. Ia adalah Amir (pemerintah setingkat kecamatan) pertama kerajaan Riau-Lingga di Pulau Buru, pada abad ke-19. Adapun arsitekturnya adalah seorang Tionghoa. Karena itu, di sebelah kanan masjid ini sekitar 200 m juga terdapat Kelenteng Sam Po Teng dan cetya Tri Dharma Dewa Bumi. Dengan demikian, dekatnya lokasi masjid dengan rumah ibadah umat Tionghoa dan Khonghucu ini menunjukkan hubungan yang harmonis antara muslim Melayu dengan Budhis Tionghoa. Bahkan, dalam kelangsungan hubungan ini terdapat informasi seorang Buddhis Tionghoa pernah ikut temannya yang beragama muslim untuk berpuasa selama setengah bulan Ramadhan.Kata Kunci: Masjid, Muslim Melayu, Buddhis/Khonghucu Tionghoa, Hubungan Harmonis

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