scholarly journals A computed tomography study on two skulls of mistreated dogs from the Roman Age

2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Farina ◽  
A. Mura ◽  
V. Petruzzi ◽  
G. Lepore ◽  
E. Mura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Frontal Bone ◽  
Orbital Cavity ◽  
Traumatic Lesion ◽  
First Case ◽  
Traumatic Lesions ◽  
Roman Age

The study of ancient skeletons is of high interest, as the relationship between men and animals can be reconstructed. In dogs, head injuries frequently result from direct physical traumas. The excavation of a prehistoric well (Genomi, Sardinia) brought to light sixty canine bones of the Age Roman (2nd century AD), although this well was built during the Nuragic Age. (1st millennium BC). Two canine skulls showing three traumatic lesions underwent computed tomography in order to study the endocast of the brain cavity and indirectly locate possible brain lesions. In the first case, a traumatic lesion was found in the left parietal bone with depression of the outer surface. This lesion determined compression of the left frontal cortex and was compatible with life, as can be deduced by the inflammation of the periostenum. In the second case, two different traumatic lesions were found. The former was a wide fracture of the right frontal bone near the orbital cavity. The injured area showed clear signs of bone remodeling which took place many months before death. The latter was a severe comminuted fracture involving both the outer and inner surface of the left frontal bone, which provoked a deep wound in the left frontal cortex. The sharp outline of bone splinters with no signs of bone remodelling indicates that the trauma was not compatible with life. All lesions described were consequent to severe blows from humans and testify mistreatment of dogs in the Roman Age.

scholarly journals TOMOGRAPHIC MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CRANIUM AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CRANIAL HALO USE IN ADULTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
TIAGO FERREIRA DE ALMEIDA ◽  
HOMAR TOLEDO CHARAFEDDINE ◽  
FERNANDO FLORES DE ARAÚJO ◽  
ALEXANDRE FOGAÇA CRISTANTE ◽  
RAPHAEL MARTUS MARCON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Frontal Bone ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parietal Bones

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate using tomographic study the thickness of the cranial board at the insertions points of the cranial halo pins in adults Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive analysis of Computed Tomography (CT) scans of adult patients' crania. The study included adults between 20 and 50 years without cranial abnormalities. We excluded any exam with cranial abnormalities Results: We analyzed 50 CT scans, including 27 men and 23 women, at the original insertion points and alternative points (1 and 2 cm above the frontal and parietal bones). The average values were 7.4333 mm in the frontal bone and 6.0290 mm in the parietal bone Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between the classical and alternative points, making room for alternative fixings and safer introduction of the pins, if necessary. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.

Role of post-mortem multi-slice computed tomography in the evaluation of single gunshot injuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Isabella Aquila ◽  
Francesco Sicilia ◽  
Petrantomo Ricci ◽  
Matteo Antonio Sacco ◽  
Maria Manno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
New Approach ◽  
External Examination ◽  
Gunshot Injuries ◽  
First Case

Post-mortem multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) is a new approach in forensic pathology for gunshot injuries. This study determines the role of MSCT in the characterisation of single gunshot injuries. We report three cases. In the first case, an 80-year-old man was found dead in his bedroom with a gun. External examination showed devastating head injuries. In the second case, an 81-year-old man was found dead in his apartment, without a gun. External examination showed gunshot injuries. In the third case, a 56-year-old man was found dead on a road. MSCT and autopsy were performed in all these cases. MSCT not only allowed the determination of entrance and exit wounds but also showed some artefacts. In conclusion, radiology is fundamental for the reconstruction of gunshot injuries, and the manner of death can only be ascertained by autopsy.

A Giant Coronary Sinus Aneurysm with Secondary Vena Cava Aneurysms

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 028
Author(s):  
Shengjun Wu ◽  
Peng Teng ◽  
Yiming Ni ◽  
Renyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Coronary Sinus ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
First Case ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography

Coronary sinus aneurysm (CSA) is an extremely rare entity. Herein, we present an unusual case of an 18-year-old symptomatic female patient with a giant CSA. Secondary vena cava aneurysms were also manifested. The final diagnosis was confirmed by enhanced computed tomography (CT) and cardiac catheterization. As far as we know, it is the first case that such a giant CSA coexists with secondary vena cava aneurysms. Considering the complexity of postoperative reconstruction, we believe that heart transplantation may be the optimal way for treatment. The patient received anticoagulant due to the superior vena cava (SVC) thrombosis while waiting for a donor.

Complete recovery following transorbital penetrating head injury traversing the brainstem: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. MacLean ◽  
Karim Mukhida ◽  
Jai J. S. Shankar ◽  
Matthias H. Schmidt ◽  
David B. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Head Injuries ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Endovascular Embolization ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Trauma Resuscitation ◽  
Retained Foreign Body ◽  
First Case ◽  
Initial Injury

Transorbital penetration accounts for one-quarter of the penetrating head injuries (PHIs) in adults and half of those in children. Injuries that traverse (with complete penetration of) the brainstem are often fatal, with survivors rarely seen in clinical practice. Here, the authors describe the case of a 16-year-old male who suffered and recovered from an accidental transorbital PHI traversing the brainstem—the first case of complete neurological recovery following such injury. Neuroimaging captured the trajectory of the initial injury. A delayed-onset carotid cavernous fistula and the subsequent development of internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysms were managed by endovascular embolization.The authors also review the relevant literature. Sixteen cases of imaging-confirmed PHI traversing the brainstem have been reported, 14 involving the pons and 12 penetrating via the transorbital route. Management and outcome of PHI are informed by object velocity, material, entry point, trajectory, relationship to neurovascular structures, and the presence of a retained foreign body. Trauma resuscitation is followed by a careful neurological examination and appropriate neuroimaging. Ophthalmological examination is performed if transorbital penetration is suspected, as injuries may be occult; the potential for neurovascular complications highlights the value of angiography. The featured case shows that complete recovery is possible following injury that traverses the brainstem.

scholarly journals Successful treatment of pyopneumothorax secondary to Streptococcus constellatus infection with linezolid: a case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaorui Zhang ◽  
Binbin Xiao ◽  
Zhixin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
First Case ◽  
Drug Sensitivity Test ◽  
Lung Condition ◽  
Tomography Scan

Abstract Background Pyopneumothorax secondary to Streptococcus constellatus infection is a clinically rare event, and few cases have been reported. Case presentation We report the case of a 55-year-old Han Chinese man with underlying diabetes who presented with fever of 17 days duration. A pulmonary computed tomography scan revealed right-sided massive pyopneumothorax. A culture of the pleural effusion and blood grew S. constellatus. A drug sensitivity test showed that the isolate was sensitive to linezolid, penicillin G, cefotaxime, vancomycin, and cefuroxime. Our patient was treated with linezolid for a total of 6 weeks. Subsequently, his chest computed tomography scan showed improved lung condition. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pyopneumothorax secondary to S. constellatus to be treated with linezolid. Pyopneumothorax may be caused by streptococcal infection, and linezolid is another good choice for treatment.

Cerebral mycetoma with cranial osteomyelitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vamseemohan Beeram ◽  
Sundaram Challa ◽  
Prasad Vannemreddy
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Total Excision ◽  
Farm Laborer ◽  
Left Parietal Cortex

✓ Craniocerebral maduromycetoma is extremely rare. The authors describe a case of maduromycetoma involving the left parietal cortex, bone, and subcutaneous tissue in a young male farm laborer who presented with left parietal scalp swelling that had progressed into a relentlessly discharging sinus. Computed tomography (CT) scanning of his brain revealed osteomyelitis of the parietal bone with an underlying homogeneously enhancing tumor. Intraoperatively, the mass was revealed to be a black lesion involving the bone, dura mater, and underlying cerebral cortex. It was friable and separated from the surrounding brain by a thick gliotic scar. Gross-total excision was performed, and the patient was placed on a 6-week regimen of itraconazole. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first instance of cerebral mycetoma with CT findings reported in the literature.

scholarly journals The Significance of Death-Scene Investigation in Determining Cause and Circumstances of Medico-Legal Death

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (38) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Corina Crișan
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Massive Hemoptysis ◽  
Death Scene ◽  
First Case ◽  
Death Scene Investigation ◽  
Traumatic Lesions ◽  
Scene Investigation ◽  
Mechanical Asphyxia

Abstract The article presents two cases of the Arad Medico-Legal Department illustrating just a part of the role of the forensic pathologist at the death scene but there are sufficient to fully justify the importance of this investigation as no example can comprise the complexity of problems and the particularity of each case, nor a statistic can be made. Both cases were found dead at home and forensically autopsied, but the two of them were distinct in terms of forensic pathologist's request death scene participation. In the first case, the autopsy did not find traumatic lesions, but revealed that the death was due to massive hemoptysis caused by cavernous tuberculosis with subsequent exsanguination, microscopically confirmed. The death was nonviolent. In the second case, the autopsy revealed findings of mechanical asphyxia due to neck compression, both macroscopically and microscopically. The death was violent. In both cases the forensic expert participation is required at the death-scene. In the first case it allowed the correct interpretation of the traces of blood found on site, and in the second case, an onsite research would have properly helped for restoring the death‟s occurrence. The scene investigation and autopsy provide, together, the basis for an accurate determination of cause and circumstances of death.

scholarly journals VIRTUAL BRONCHOSCOPY OF MULTISPIRAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY WITH TRAUMATIC INJURIES OF THE MAIN BRONCHUS

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
P. M. Kotlyarov ◽  
N. V. Chernichenko ◽  
V. P. Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Main Bronchus ◽  
Traumatic Rupture ◽  
Virtual Bronchoscopy ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Lesion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Bone Structures

The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of virtual bronchoscopy (VB) in traumatic rupture of the main bronchus Material and methods. Тhe data of virtual bronchoscopy of multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) with multiplanar and 3D reconstructions of 10 patients with traumatic separation of the main bronchus were analyzed. MSCT was carried out by the computer tomograph AquilionONE (320-slice) according to the previously described technique. Results of the study. VB MSCT allowed to determine the presence of a complete or partial rupture of the main bronchus, its distance to the bifurcation of the trachea, the state of the collapsed lung, the presence of fluid in the hemithorax, secondary changes in the bone structures of the chest. The World Bank played an important role in monitoring the adequacy of reconstructive measures on the damaged bronchus, excluding the occurrence of postoperative stenosis. The conclusion. Virtual bronchoscopy of multispiral computed tomography with the capabilities of multiplanar and volumetric reconstructions, postprocessing image processing is an optimal non-invasive method for determining the traumatic lesion of the main bronchi and monitoring the success of the reconstructive surgical manual.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF NANO-SILVER ON FORMATION OF MICROBIAL BIOFILMS IN CASES OF TRAUMATIC LESION OF THE AUXILIARY APPARATUS OF THE EYE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Oksana Petrenko ◽  
Maryna Dranko ◽  
Victoriia Holubnycha ◽  
Larysa Hrytsai
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Silver Concentration ◽  
Ionic Form ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Nano Silver ◽  
Traumatic Lesion ◽  
Traumatic Lesions ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Colloid Silver

Pyoinflammatory complications remain an acute problem in the post-operative period of traumatic lesions of the auxiliary apparatus of the eye (AAE). Silver both in the ionic form and in composition of chemical compounds is highly toxic for microorganisms, and as a result, it shows bactericidal effect to many bacterial strains, including gram-negative microorganisms. The peculiarity of AgNPs is efficiency of influence on the wide array of microorganisms, significant anti-biofilm effect and absence of resistance reaction. The aim of the research. To study the influence of the colloidal nano silver on formation of biofilms by microorganisms discharged from the wounds of patients with traumatic lesions of the auxiliary apparatus of the eye. Materials and methods. During 2018-2019, we examined 60 patients with traumatic lesions of the auxiliary apparatus of the eye. For evaluation of the influence of colloid nano silver solution on the processes of formation of the biofilm, we selected microorganisms which were cultured most frequently (Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella ozenae) from the patients. Results. The obtained data suggest that colloid nano silver inhibits efficiently formation of biofilms at the early stages (initiation, the 0 day of incubation) of their formation by all the three microorganisms, and the degree of inhibition of the biofilm formation did not depend on the silver concentration. The effect of colloid silver in the concentrations used by us at later stages of biofilm formation (the 3rd and the 7th day) with respect to К. ozenae is less efficient – the growth of cell biomass was observed (p≤0.05), and it did not depend on the silver concentration. At the same time, the effect of the colloid nano silver on S. aureus and Acinetobacter spp. on the 3rd and the 7th days was more efficient than at the early stage (p≤0.05). Conclusions. Nanoparticles of colloid silver are an efficient means to combat biofilms, as well as to prevent their formation.

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