scholarly journals Lipiodol lymphangiography as a treatment for refractory postoperative chylothorax: a case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesrine Lamine ◽  
Apostolos C. Agrafiotis ◽  
Ines Lardinois
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Chyle Leakage ◽  
Treatment Surgery ◽  
Made In

Postoperative chylothorax is the most frequent cause of traumatic thoracic chyle leakage. Conservative treatment is primarily used to treat low flow rate chylothoraces and should be initiated as soon as the diagnosis has been made. In case of high flow rate chylothorax or failure of initial treatment, surgery and radiological treatment are indicated. Despite this fact, there is a lack of consensus regarding the best therapeutic option to choose. In the case reported herein, a postoperative chylothorax with a low flow chyle leakage which didn’t respond to conservative treatment is demonstrated. We used lipiodol lymphangiography to determine the site of chyle leakage and to successfully treat our patient. Risk factors for non-response to conservative treatment are also discussed.

Experimental Investigation of Pressure Fluctuations on Inner Wall of a Centrifugal Pump

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Qi Jia ◽  
Bao-Ling Cui ◽  
Zu-Chao Zhu ◽  
Yu-Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Pressure Fluctuation ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Blade Passing Frequency

Abstract Affected by rotor–stator interaction and unstable inner flow, asymmetric pressure distributions and pressure fluctuations cannot be avoided in centrifugal pumps. To study the pressure distributions on volute and front casing walls, dynamic pressure tests are carried out on a centrifugal pump. Frequency spectrum analysis of pressure fluctuation is presented based on Fast Fourier transform and steady pressure distribution is obtained based on time-average method. The results show that amplitudes of pressure fluctuation and blade-passing frequency are sensitive to the flow rate. At low flow rates, high-pressure region and large pressure gradients near the volute tongue are observed, and the main factors contributing to the pressure fluctuation are fluctuations in blade-passing frequency and high-frequency fluctuations. By contrast, at high flow rates, fluctuations of rotating-frequency and low frequencies are the main contributors to pressure fluctuation. Moreover, at low flow rates, pressure near volute tongue increases rapidly at first and thereafter increases slowly, whereas at high flow rates, pressure decreases sharply. Asymmetries are observed in the pressure distributions on both volute and front casing walls. With increasing of flow rate, both asymmetries in the pressure distributions and magnitude of the pressure decrease.

scholarly journals A Case Report on VT from TV: DVT and PE from Prolonged Television Watching

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Alan Lucerna ◽  
James Espinosa ◽  
Lindsey Ackley ◽  
Philip Carhart ◽  
Douglas Stranges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Pulmonary Embolus ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Television Watching ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Made In

Pulmonary embolus (PE) and deep vein thrombosis are diagnoses that are commonly made in the emergency department. Well known risk factors for thromboembolic events include immobility, malignancy, pregnancy, surgery, and acquired or inherited thrombophilias, obesity, cigarette smoking, and hypertension. We present a case of a 59-year-old female who watched TV and developed leg swelling and was found to have PE and DVT.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Evaluation of the Red Cell Damage and Hemocompatibility of Different Central Venous Catheters

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alojz Ihan ◽  
Stefan Grosek ◽  
David Stubljar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Central Venous Catheters ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Flow Rates

Background. The aim of our study was to evaluate the damaging impact of characteristics of the central venous catheters (CVCs) on red blood cells. Methods. CVCs from three different manufacturers were analyzed, including the presence of coating, tunnel geometry, length, lumen diameter, and number of lumens with two respective flow rates (33 mL/min and 500 mL/min). Blood cell damage was defined by analyzing microparticle (MP) and hematologic analysis. MPs were isolated by ultracentrifugation of erythrocyte concentrate and analyzed on a flow cytometer. Results. Characteristics of catheters were not associated with blood cell damage at a low flow rate but showed an effect with a high flow rate. CVCs with a polyhexanide methacrylate coating have caused statistically less blood cell damage than noncoated CVCs. The length of lumens, diameter, and geometry of the tunnel showed no differences in blood cell damage. Meanwhile, the number of lumens was predicted to have a greater effect on the erythrocyte damage, which was revealed with the formation of MPs and hematological parameters. CVCs with five lumens caused significantly less damage to the blood cells than CVCs with a single lumen. Moreover, a high flow rate of 500 mL/min caused less damage to the blood cells than a low rate of 33 mL/min. Conclusion. Properties of CVCs are an important factor for quality patient care, especially when transfusing blood with high flow rates, as we want to provide a patient with high-quality blood with as few damaged cells as possible.

Effect of high flow oxygen on exertional dyspnea in cancer patients: A double-blind randomized clinical trial.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11600-11600
Author(s):  
David Hui ◽  
Liliana Larsson ◽  
Sajan Thomas ◽  
Carol Harrison ◽  
Jimin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Exertional Dyspnea ◽  
Exercise Time ◽  
High Flow Oxygen

11600 Background: High flow oxygen therapy is effective for hypoxemic respiratory failure. However, its effect on dyspnea in non-hypoxemic patients is unknown. In this 2x2 factorial, double-blind randomized clinical trial, we assessed the effect of flow rate (high vs. low) and gas (oxygen vs. air) on exertional dyspnea in cancer patients. Methods: Non-hypoxemic patients with cancer completed two structured cycle ergometer exercise tests with Low Flow Air [LFAir] at 2 L/min. They were then randomized to receive High Flow Oxygen [HFOx] with up to 60 L/min, High Flow Air [HFAir], Low Flow Oxygen [LFOx] or LFAir during a constant work rate exercise test at 80% maximum. Dyspnea intensity was assessed with the modified 0-10 Borg scale. The primary outcome was difference in the slope of dyspnea intensity vs. time during the third test. Secondary outcomes included difference in exercise time, vital signs, and adverse events. We estimated that 10 patients per arm will provide 86% power to detect a 1-standard deviation main effect and 86% power to detect a 2-SD interaction effect with an alpha of 5%. A linear mixed effects model was used to assess the impact of flow rate and gas on study outcomes. Results: 45 patients were randomized and 44 completed the study (10, 11, 12, 11 patients on HFOx, HFAir, LFOx, LFAir, respectively). The mean age was 63 (range 47-77); 18 (41%) were female; 34 (44%) had lung cancer; and 20 (46%) had metastatic disease. In mixed effects model, the association between the change in dyspnea intensity over time with flow rate differed significantly between oxygen and air (P = 0.04). Specifically, HFOx (slope difference -0.20, P < 0.001) and LFOx (-0.14, P = 0.01) were significantly better than LFAir, but not HFAir (+0.09, P = 0.09). Exercise time also significantly increased with HFOx (difference +2.5 min, P = 0.009) compared to LFAir, but not HFAir (+0.63 min, P = 0.48) or LFOx (+0.39 min, P = 0.65). HFOx was well tolerated without significant adverse effects. Conclusions: The combination of high flow rate and oxygen improved dyspnea and exercise duration during constant work exercise test in non-hypoxemic cancer patients. Larger trials are needed to confirm the benefits of HFOx during exercises. Clinical trial information: NCT02357134.

scholarly journals Case Report: Conversion of a Low-Flow to High-Flow Priapism

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cahn ◽  
Elliot Courter ◽  
Gregory Diorio ◽  
Michael Metro ◽  
Phillip Ginsberg
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Low Flow

Rheological Effects of Blood in a Nonplanar Distal End-to-Side Anastomosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian-Qian Wang ◽  
Bao-Hong Ping ◽  
Qing-Bo Xu ◽  
Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Flow Recirculation ◽  
Low Flow Rate

This study investigates rheological effects of blood on steady flows in a nonplanar distal end-to-side anastomosis. The shear-thinning behavior of blood is depicted by a Carreau–Yasuda model and a modified power-law model. To explore effects of nonplanarity in vessel geometry, a curved bypass graft is considered that connects to the host artery with a 90deg out-of-plane curvature. Navier–Stokes equations are solved using a finite volume method. Velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) are compared between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids at different flow rates. At low flow rate, difference in axial velocity profiles between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids is significant and secondary flows are weaker for non-Newtonian fluids. At high flow rate, non-Newtonian fluids have bigger peak WSS and WSS gradient. The size of the flow recirculation zone near the toe is smaller for non-Newtonian fluids and the difference is significant at low flow rate. The nonplanar bypass graft introduces helical flow in the host vessel. Results from the study reveal that near the bed, heel, and toe of the anastomotic junction where intimal hyperplasia occurs preferentially, WSS gradients are all very big. At high flow rates, WSS gradients are elevated by the non-Newtonian effect of blood but they are reduced at low flow rates. At these locations, blood rheology not only affects the WSS and its gradient but also secondary flow patterns and the size of flow recirculation near the toe. This study reemphasizes that the rheological property of blood is a key factor in studying hemodynamic effects on vascular diseases.

CFD Analysis of Performance of Five-Stage High-Pressure Volute Pump

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Suzuki ◽  
Takashi Takemura
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Model Computation ◽  
Pump Performance ◽  
Computation Efficiency ◽  
Low Flow Rate

It is important in development of turbomachinery to predict their performance precisely. Especially the prediction of multistage pump performance is one of the challenging problems because internal phenomena which relate to the performance are complicated. Therefore, in this research, we verified accuracy of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in predicting performance of a five-stage high-pressure volute pump by comparing predicted values by CFD with measurement data. We tried two methods to predict the pump performance. One is a computation with a complete pump model which includes all five stages and leakage passages. This method can be expected to represent total internal flow phenomena. The other method is totaling up the performance data from separate computations of 1st–2nd stages and series stages. This method is simpler than the former and involves less computational cost. As a result, it was clarified that all the methods could predict pump head at the best efficiency point to some extent, even by steady computation. However, no prediction can predict positive gradient in Q-H curve which was observed in measurement at low flow rate. Except for the unsteady complete pump model computation, efficiency and shaft power could not be predicted precisely. In addition, at high flow rate, unsteady computation of the complete pump model shows the best agreement in head. In the complete pump model computation at high flow rate, the series stage next to the long crossover has larger head because of the influence of it. Therefore, the separated model has difficulty in representing series stages’ performance. In order to predict performance at high flow rate, unsteady computations also including properly the influence of the long crossover properly are necessary. In addition, to predict performance at low flow rate, unsteady computation is necessary.

scholarly journals 119 PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION OF APPLE PLANTS AT DIFFERENT CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATIONS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 445d-445
Author(s):  
Qiyuan Pan ◽  
Bruno Quebedeaux
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Crop Canopy ◽  
Ambient Level ◽  
Photosynthesis And Respiration ◽  
Low Flow Rate

Low CO2 concentrations ([CO2]) frequently occur in dense crop canopy. To determine plant performance under sub-atmospheric [CO2], young `Gala' apple plants were phytotron-grown at 928 mmole m-2s-1 light intensity. Whole-plant photosynthesis and respiration under [CO2] between 0 and the ambient level (382 to 460 ml 1-1) were measured by monitoring [CO2] of the air entering and coming out of a 38-1 clear plexiglass gas exchange chamber at either 3.4 or 6.2 1 min-1. The chamber seals two plants of up to 77 cm height for long-term experiments. There was a linear relationship between [CO2] and net photosynthesis (Pn), with the R2 being as high as 0.99. The increase of Pn with increased [CO2] was 51% greater for the high air flow than for the low air flow. At the ambient CO2 level Pn at the high flow rate was 49% higher than that at the low flow rate. CO2 compensation points were 57.6 and 58.5 ml 1-1 at the high and low flow rates, respectively. The relationship between [CO2] and dark respiration was linear. Dark respiration decreased by 20% on average as the [CO2] increased from 0 to the ambient level, and it was 11% higher at the high flow rate than at the low flow rate. These results suggest that wind may act to reduce Pn depression in dense crop canopy by both reducing leaf resistance and atmospheric [CO2] gradient outside the boundary layer.

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