scholarly journals Old and new nomenclatural combinations for Echinochloa esculenta (Japanese millet) and E. frumentacea (Indian millet) (Poaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Enrico Banfi ◽  
Gabriele Galasso
Keyword(s):  
New Combination ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Nomenclatural Combinations

Echinochloa esculenta and E. frumentacea are crops derived from the wild E. crus-galli and E. colona respectively. They are currently treated at the species rank, although different infraspecific ranks have been proposed for both taxa in the past. After some considerations on domestication of Japanese and Indian millets, we propose to follow the concept by Harlan and De Wet, which implies the subspecific rank for the domesticated plants. Accordingly, the existing combination for Echinochloa esculenta is recovered and a new combination for E. frumentacea is here established.

scholarly journals Cytospora (Diaporthales) in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.L. Fan ◽  
J.D.P. Bezerra ◽  
C.M. Tian ◽  
P.W. Crous
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Dna Phylogeny ◽  
The Past ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Woody Host

Members of the genus Cytospora are often reported as endophytes, saprobes or phytopathogens, primarily causing canker diseases of woody host plants. They occur on a wide range of hosts and have a worldwide distribution. Although several species have in the past been reported from China, the vast majority are not known from culture or DNA phylogeny. The primary aim of the present study was thus to clarify the taxonomy and phylogeny of a large collection of Cytospora species associated with diverse hosts in China. Cytospora spp. were collected in northeast, northwest, north and southwest China, indicating that the cold and dry environments favour these fungi. In this paper, we provide an assessment of 52 Cytospora spp. in China, focussing on 40 species represented by 88 isolates from 28 host genera. Based on a combination of morphology and a six-locus phylogeny (ITS, LSU, act1, rpb2, tef1-α and tub2), 13 new species and one new combination are introduced. The majority of the species investigated here appear to be host-specific, although further collections and pathogenicity studies will be required to confirm this conclusion.

Can a rainbow consist of a single colour? A new comprehensive generic arrangement of the ‘Iris sensu latissimo’ clade (Iridaceae), congruent with morphology and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 232 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel B. Crespo ◽  
Mario Martínez-Azorín ◽  
Evgeny V. Mavrodiev
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The Past ◽  
Single Colour ◽  
First Time ◽  
Generic System ◽  
New Nomenclatural Combinations

When treated in a broad sense, Iris (the ‘rainbow-flowers’) is one of the most diverse and well-known genera in the Asparagales. However, recent conventional phylogenetic and three-taxon statement re-treatments of the molecular data (cpDNA) for the irises (‘Iris sensu latissimo’ clade) showed that the obtained patterns of relationships appeared to be fully congruent to the narrow taxonomical arrangement of Iris (sensu stricto) to include only the bearded irises. Given this, we propose a new taxonomic arrangement of the rainbow-flowers with at least 25 previously recognised infrageneric taxa here accepted at the generic rank, of which 19 have already been treated as separate genera by different authors in the past. Morphological, phytochemical, karyological, distributional and molecular data are discussed which support the newly proposed system. Five genera and one section are described as new, 1 genus is amended, and 114 new nomenclatural combinations (2 genera, 3 sections, 1 series, 86 species, 14 varieties and 8 nothospecies) are established to accommodate the accepted names to the new generic system. Morphological descriptions and nomenclatural types are reported for each accepted genus, with types of four genera being designated here for the first time. Tentative distribution maps of relevant taxa, and illustrations of the most reliable morphological characters are included for the accepted genera. Principal synonyms and publication details are shown, and accepted infrageneric taxa are only referred to when previous information is not available. A key is also reported for genera identification. Our proposal mostly accords with the traditional distinction of groups currently in use by horticulturists, and it is favoured against an alternative treatment of an expanded Iris which renders a highly heterogeneous genus.

An amended checklist of the caddisflies of China (Insecta, Trichoptera)

Zoosymposia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 451-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIAN-FANG YANG ◽  
CHANG-HAI SUN ◽  
JOHN C. MORSE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Separate Paper ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Name ◽  
Nomen Novum

A new Chinese Trichoptera checklist includes 1267 described species in 116 genera and 30 families, each with a revised provincial distribution. Over the past 8 years, we have added 267 newly described species (or newly recorded species) to the trichopteran fauna of China from the old checklist of 1000 species in 110 genera and 28 families (Yang et al. 2005), among which nearly 80 new species to the Chinese fauna were contributed by various foreign taxonomists. This checklist also reports six newly recorded species from China: Diplectrona obscura Ulmer, Diplectrona aurovittata (Ulmer), Hydropsyche boreas Malicky & Chantaramongkol, and Macrostemum hestia Malicky & Chantaramongkol of family Hydropsychidae; Adicella paludicola Ito & Kuhara of family Leptoceridae and Lannapsyche chantaramongkolae Malicky of family Odontoceridae. Psychomyia dactylina Sun 1997 is a synonym of Psychomyia martynovi Hwang 1957 and Chimarra bicuspidalis Sun 1998 is a synonym of Chimarra sadayu Malicky 1993. The species name of Cheumatopsyche pallida (Navás 1932) is a secondary junior homonym in the genus Cheumatopsyche, preoccupied by Cheumatopsyche pallida (Banks 1920). The new name for Ch. pallida will be published by Chang-hai Sun in a separate paper. Ecnomus orientalis Li & Morse 1997 is a junior primary homonym of E. danielae orientalis Gibon 1992 and is renamed E. anhuiensis, nomen novum. Apatania mirabilis Martynov 1909 is transferred to Apatidelia as Apatidelia mirabilis (Martynov 1909), new combination.

Moral Contracts and the Morality of Abortion

1982 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
A.T. Nuyen
Keyword(s):  
Moral Sense ◽  
New Combination ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Right ◽  
Moral Stance ◽  
The Way

The question concerning the morality of abortion has been debated thoroughly over the past fifteen years, so thoroughly that it is difficult to add anything new to the debate. However, as the number of arguments has become numerous, it is still possible to formulate a new moral stance based on a new combination of old arguments. In what follows I shall develop and defend a moral stance based on the concept of moral contract and the concept of intentional pregnancy. Though these concepts are not new, the way they will be interpreted and combined here is unique.The analysis that I shall provide presupposes that the traditional arguments either for or against abortion are problematical. (In what follows, ‘for’ and ‘against’ are used in the moral sense only.) The first part of this paper is devoted to surveying briefly the principal arguments and to showing why they are problematical. In the second part I shall discuss a couple of arguments which I regard as of the right sort, although they too seem unsatisfactory. Finally, I shall attempt to indicate in my own way whether and when abortion is morally permissible.

scholarly journals Generic status of Quisqualis (Combretaceae), with notes on the taxonomy and distribution of Q. parviflora

Bothalia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jordaan ◽  
A. E. Van Wyk ◽  
O. Maurin
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Kwazulu Natal

The taxonomic status of Quisqualis L., a genus closely related to and sometimes considered congeneric with Combretum Loefl., is discussed. The genus Quisqualis is maintained to accommodate selected African, Indian, Asian and Malesian species (including Q. indica L. and Q. parviflora Sond.). Diagnostic characters for Quisqualis include: leaves with abundant subepidermal crystalliferous idioblasts, each containing a large druse of calcium oxalate; leaves, stems and flowers with stalked glands but no scales; persistent petiole bases that develop into curved spines; petals well developed; hypanthium tubular or cylindrical, usually longer than 20 mm; stamens and style not or scarcely exserted; style adnate to hypanthium for more than half its length. Quisqualis shares a number of morphological similarities with Combretum Loefl. subgen. Cacoucia (Aubl.) Exell Stace sect. Poivrea (Comm. ex DC.) G.Don. Some species of Combretaceae from West, West Central and East Africa have the style adnate to the upper hypanthium and display features reminiscent of both Quisqualis and Combretum. These species also have characters of their own and in the past were placed in different sections under Combretum. It is suggested that at least some of these species may be best classified in genera distinct from Combretum and Quisqualis, one of which is Campylogyne Hemsley. Combretum s.str. is defined on the basis of a combination of characters and includes species of which the upper hypanthium is variable in shape, but when tubular or cylindrical, then always shorter than 20 mm. Other diagnostic characters include: stamens exserted well beyond petals; style exserted and free, but when shortly adnate to upper hypanthium (only at the base or for a short distance), then stamens long-exserted. It is suggested that different pollination strategies have developed independently in the Combretum–Quisqualis clade, resulting in convergent morphological trends in floral morphology. These homoplasious similarities in floral morphology are at the root of the difficulties experienced to demarcate genera. An alternative classification is provided for those preferring to include the southern African Quisqualis parviflora under Combretum s. l. For this purpose, a new combination and name, Combretum sylvicola O.Maurin is provided. Quisqualis parviflora is confined to the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal coastal regions and does not extend beyond this area as has been claimed by some. A comparative table to differentiate among four groups in Quisqualis and Combretum in Africa, as well as a photo of a herbarium specimen and a distribution map of Quisqualis parviflora, are provided.

Maladera rugosa (Blanchard, 1850) new combination—a valid species and senior synonym of Maladera graeca Petrovitz, 1969 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Sericini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4759 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-445
Author(s):  
DIRK AHRENS ◽  
THAYNARA L. PACHECO
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Senior Synonym

Maladera Mulsant & Rey, 1871 occurs in the Palaearctic, Oriental and Afrotropical regions and comprises already more than 300 species only in the Palaearctic alone (Ahrens & Bezděk 2016). In the past years the species of eastern West Palaearctic including Iran has been exhaustively explored and many new taxa were added (e.g. Ahrens 2000a,b, 2006; Ahrens et al. 2016; Fabrizi et al. 2018; Keith & Ahrens 2002; Keith 2005, 2010; Sabatinelli 1977; Sehnal 2008; Sehnal & Simandl 2008; Montreuil & Keith 2009; Montreuil 2016). While new collecting activities focused principally on the Iranian fauna (Nikodyìm & Král 1998; Keith & Ahrens 2002; Keith 2005, 2010; Montreuil & Keith 2009; Montreuil 2016), from where practically no records before the 1980s were available, no recent data were published on Maladera species of Europe and Minor Asia since the last taxonomic revision of the West Palaearctic species of the genus (Petrovitz 1969). 

Notes relating to the Flora of Bhutan: XXX. Gentianaceae

1996 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aitken ◽  
D. G. Long
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
New Combination ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of gentian, Gentiana wangchukii E. Aitken & D.G. Long sp. nov., endemic to Bhutan, and Gentianella urnigera E. Aitken & D.G. Long sp. nov., from East Nepal, Sikkim, Central and Northern Bhutan and Yunnan, China, are described. Their generic placement and differences from allied species are discussed. The new combination Lomatogonium himalayense (Klotzsch) E. Aitken comb. nov. is made and this name is applied to plants previously ascribed to L. carinthiacum (Wulfen) Reichenbach from the East Himalaya; the basionym Pleurogyne himalayensis Klotzsch is lectotypified and epitypified. The genus Tripterospermum is reviewed in the Flora of Bhutan area and two species are recognized: T. volubile (D. Don) Hara and T. nigrobaccatum Hara. Within T. volubile, two subspecies are recognized: subsp. volubile and subsp. longipes E. Aitken & D.G. Long subsp. nov. T. luteoviride (C.B. Clarke) Murata, in the past treated as a distinct species, is placed in synonymy of subsp. volubile.

scholarly journals Multi-constellation GNSS orbit combination based on MGEX products

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Mansur ◽  
Pierre Sakic ◽  
Benjamin Männel ◽  
Harald Schuh
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Project ◽  
Terrestrial Reference Frame ◽  
New Combination ◽  
International Gnss Service ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Earth Rotation Parameters ◽  
Rotation Parameters ◽  
Gnss Data

Abstract. The mission of the International GNSS Service (IGS) is to deliver highly accurate GNSS data and products to the scientific users and the community. Among these products, precise orbits, and clocks for GPS and GLONASS are available to the public. These products are system-wise combinations based on solutions provided by the Analysis Centers (AC). Over the past years, the IGS has been putting efforts in extending the service to other navigation satellite systems within the Multi-GNSS Experiment and Pilot Project (MGEX). Several ACs contribute by providing solutions containing not only GPS and GLONASS but also Galileo, BeiDou, and QZSS. However, there is no official MGEX combination so far. Therefore, we started to develop a new combination algorithm aiming at a fully consistent multi-constellation solution. We apply two different strategies focusing on the alignment of the orbits to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). In the first strategy, we use the Earth Rotation Parameters (ERP) to align the orbits, whereas in the second strategy Helmert parameters provided by the Terrestrial Frame Combination Center (TFCC) are applied. Based on the alignment we compare the GPS orbit products from both strategies with the official IGS orbits. These preliminary results show that the ERP strategy agrees with the official orbits around by 30 mm whereas, with the second strategy, the agreement is around 15 mm.

A new genus and species of split-footed lacewings (Neuroptera) from the early Eocene of western Canada and revision of the subfamily affinities of Mesozoic Nymphidae

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-287
Author(s):  
S. Bruce Archibald ◽  
Vladimir N. Makarkin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Okanagan Highlands ◽  
Almost All

AbstractA new genus and new species of Nymphidae (Neuroptera) is described from the Ypresian Okanagan Highlands locality of Falkland, British Columbia, Canada: Epinesydrion falklandensisnew genus, new species. This is only the fourth known Cenozoic adult specimen, and all others are less complete. It is the second specimen from the Okanagan Highlands. Currently Nymphidae has two recognised subfamilies. All Cenozoic fossils are confident members of the Nymphinae, but the subfamily assignments of almost all Mesozoic genera are problematic. The Late Cretaceous Dactylomyius is the only genus that might belong to Myiodactylinae. The rest may belong to the undefined stem groups of the family or to the Nymphinae, with varying levels of probability. Mesonymphes sibirica is transferred to Nymphites Haase: N. sibiricus (Ponomarenko), new combination; Sialium minor to Spilonymphes Shi, Winterton, and Ren: Spilonymphes minor (Shi, Winterton, and Ren), new combination; “Mesonymphes” apicalis does not belong to Mesonymphes Carpenter and may not even belong to the Nymphidae. The fossil record of the family occurs across much of the globe, but today they are restricted to Australia, New Guinea, and possibly the Philippines. Modern Nymphinae is only found in Australia. This may result from a requirement of frost-free climates, which were more widespread in the past.

scholarly journals Finding missing diversity from synonyms of Haplopteris (Pteridaceae)

PhytoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Zuo-Ying Wei ◽  
Zeng-Qiang Xia ◽  
Xian-Chun Zhang ◽  
Jian-Guo Cao ◽  
Yue-Hong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Molecular Systematics ◽  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Systematic Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Although taxonomists target the remote wild regions to discover new species, taxa lacking a comprehensive and modern systematic treatment may be the new hotspot for biodiversity discovery. The development of molecular systematics integrated with microscopic observation techniques has greatly improved the ability of taxonomists to identify species correctly. Vittaria centrochinensis Ching ex J.F. Cheng, regarded as a synonym of Haplopteris fudzinoi (Makino) E.H.Crane, remained hidden from the eyes of fern taxonomists for more than 20 years. Herein, we collected several population samples of V. centrochinensis by performing molecular phylogenetic analysis of five cpDNA regions (rbcL, atpA, matK, ndhF, and trnL-trnF) and through micromophological observation of specimens which differs from H. fudzinoi by lamina width and exospores. Considering the differences in morphology, geographical range, and genetic distance between these two species, we formally recognized V. centrochinensis as an authentic species and proposed a new combination Haplopteris centrochinensis (Ching ex J.F.Cheng) Y.H.Yan, Z.Y.Wei & X.C.Zhang, comb. nov. Our findings demonstrate that several taxa in synonyms are missing, and nowadays taxonomy should also include re-evaluation of the past taxonomy.

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