scholarly journals Zika virus infection in a pediatric patient with acute gastrointestinal involvement

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetoslav Slavov ◽  
Alessandra Matsuno ◽  
Aparecida Yamamoto ◽  
Katia Otaguiri ◽  
Maria Cervi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Gastrointestinal Involvement ◽  
Uncommon Presentation ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus, which has been related to severe neurological complications in neonates. However, many clinical aspects of the infection remain unclear, especially in pediatric patients. In this case report we describe the uncommon presentation of ZIKV infection in a pediatric patient with acute gastrointestinal involvement hospitalized in a Brazilian Emergency Unit. Dengue hemorrhagic fever was initially suspected, however, the molecular result for Dengue was negative. Molecular testing for other arboviruses (ZIKV and Chikungunya), revealed positive for ZIKV RNA result in both blood and saliva. The ZIKV load in saliva (6.947 copies/mL) was higher than the vetected ZIKV RNA in plasma (1.945 copies/mL). Additionally, the performed abdominal ultrasound revealed mesenteric lymphadenitis without abdominal retention of fluids. The presentation of this case demonstrates that ZIKV can be involved in a broader range of clinical conditions than currently assumed, including pediatric emergencies, especially in regions with extensive ZIKV outbreaks.

The P-MAPA immunomodulator partially prevents apoptosis induced by Zika virus infection in THP-1 cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morganna C. Lima ◽  
Elisa A. N. Azevedo ◽  
Clarice N. L. de Morais ◽  
Larissa I. O. de Sousa ◽  
Bruno M. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Virus Replication ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Zika Virus Infection

Background: Zika virus is an emerging arbovirus of global importance. ZIKV infection is associated with a range of neurological complications such as the Congenital Zika Syndrome and Guillain Barré Syndrome. Despite the magnitude of recent outbreaks, there is no specific therapy to prevent or to alleviate disease pathology. Objective: To investigate the role of P-MAPA immunomodulator in Zika-infected THP-1 cells. Methods: THP-1 cells were subjected at Zika virus infection (Multiplicity of Infection = 0.5) followed by treatment with P-MAPA for until 96 hours post-infection. After that, the cell death was analyzed by annexin+/ PI+ and caspase 3/ 7+ staining by flow cytometry. In addition, the virus replication and cell proliferation were accessed by RT-qPCR and Ki67 staining, respectively. Results: We demonstrate that P-MAPA in vitro treatment significantly reduces Zika virus-induced cell death and caspase-3/7 activation on THP-1 infected cells, albeit it has no role in virus replication and cell proliferation. Conclusions: Our study reveals that P-MAPA seems to be a satisfactory alternative to inhibits the effects of Zika virus infection in mammalian cells.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin-like Domain of HsFcμR as a Capture Molecule for Detection of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus- and Zika Virus-Specific IgM Antibodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Rackow ◽  
Christa Ehmen ◽  
Ronald von Possel ◽  
Raquel Medialdea-Carrera ◽  
David Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
Igm Antibodies

Abstract BACKGROUND The cellular surface molecule HsTOSO/FAIM3/HsFcμR has been identified as an IgM-specific Fc receptor expressed on lymphocytes. Here, we show that its extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain (HsFcμR-Igl) specifically binds to IgM/antigen immune complexes (ICs) and exploit this property for the development of novel detection systems for IgM antibodies directed against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). METHODS His-tagged HsFcμR-Igl was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography, oxidative refolding, and size-exclusion chromatography. Specific binding of HsFcμR-Igl to IgM/antigen ICs was confirmed, and 2 prototypic ELISAs for the detection of anti-CCHFV and anti-ZIKV IgM antibodies were developed. Thereby, patient sera and virus-specific recombinant antigens directly labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were coincubated on HsFcμR-Igl-coated ELISA plates. Bound ICs were quantified by measuring turnover of a chromogenic HRP substrate. RESULTS Assay validation was performed using paired serum samples from 15 Kosovar patients with a PCR-confirmed CCHFV infection and 28 Brazilian patients with a PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection, along with a panel of a priori CCHFV/ZIKV-IgM-negative serum samples. Both ELISAs were highly reproducible. Sensitivity and specificity were comparable with or even exceeded in-house gold standard testing and commercial kits. Furthermore, latex beads coated with HsFcμR-Igl aggregated upon coincubation with an IgM-positive serum and HRP-labeled antigen but not with either component alone, revealing a potential for use of HsFcμR-Igl as a capture molecule in aggregation-based rapid tests. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant HsFcμR-Igl is a versatile capture molecule for IgM/antigen ICs of human and animal origin and can be applied for the development of both plate- and bead-based serological tests.

scholarly journals Thalamic abscess in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia successfully treated with an empiric antibiotic regime: case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier A. Santander ◽  
Anwar Saab ◽  
Juan Manuel Revuelta-Barbero ◽  
Elena Múñez
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Dominant Disease ◽  
Antibiotic Regime ◽  
Stereotaxic Biopsy

Abstract Background Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant disease associated with neurological complications, including cerebral abscesses (CA). They tend to be unique, supratentorial and lobar. While the surgical intervention is a rule of thumb when treating and diagnosing the etiology of these lesions, this is not always possible due to dangerous or inaccessible locations. We report the case of a patient solely treated with empiric antibiotics without stereotaxic intervention and satisfactory results. Case presentation We present the case of a 21-year-old patient with a right thalamic abscess due to HHT and pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, previously embolized, treated solely with antibiotics. At first, we contemplated the possibility of a stereotaxic biopsy, but the high-risk location and the fact that our patient received a previous full course of antibiotic treatment (in another center), made us discard this intervention because of the low diagnostic yield. We started an empiric antibiotic regime. We followed up very closely the clinical and radiological evaluation the next weeks, adjusting our antibiotic treatment when necessary. The results were favorable from both the radiological and clinical aspects and 6 months after the diagnosis the images show its almost complete disappearance. Conclusion Carefully tailored antibiotic-only regime and vigilance of its adverse effects and close radiological following is a good treatment approach when surgery is not an option.

Neurological Complications of Congenital Zika Virus Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius de Melo Marques ◽  
Camilla Sousa Santos ◽  
Isabella Godinho Santiago ◽  
Solomar Martins Marques ◽  
Maria das Graças Nunes Brasil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Zika Virus Infection

scholarly journals Molecular detection and clinical aspects of porcine circovirus 3 infection in pigs from Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1731-1736
Author(s):  
A.C.M. Cruz ◽  
I.L.F. Rodrigues ◽  
A.E. Souza ◽  
F.B. Knackfuss ◽  
R.L. Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 3 ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Swine Serum

ABSTRACT Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) DNA has been detected in serum samples from apparently healthy pigs as well as pigs with different clinical conditions. Molecular detection of PCV-3 was observed in swine serum samples from Southeastern - Brazil using a nested PCR designed specifically for this study. The epidemiology and clinical aspects of PCV-3 infection were evaluated. The samples originated from 154 pigs of both genders from different production phases and with different clinical presentations, sampled from 31 pig farms visited between 2013 and 2018. In this study, PCV-3 was detected in 26.7% of samples from all populations across varying ages. Statistical association (P=0.0285) was observed only between animals with respiratory signs and PCV-3; no PCV-3-positive animal had diarrhea. No statistical association was observed between PCV-3 and age, or gender of the pigs. Because PCV-3 is a newly discovered virus, there is very little information about its epidemiology. We hope that these data can help in future studies investigating PCV-3 epidemiology.

scholarly journals Transmission dynamics of Zika virus in island populations: a modelling analysis of the 2013-14 French Polynesia outbreak

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Kucharski ◽  
Sebastian Funk ◽  
Rosalind M. Eggo ◽  
Henri-Pierre Mallet ◽  
W. John Edmunds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Guillain Barré

AbstractBetween October 2013 and April 2014, more than 30,000 cases of Zika virus (ZIKV) disease were estimated to have attended healthcare facilities in French Polynesia. ZIKV has also been reported in Africa and Asia, and in 2015 the virus spread to South America and the Caribbean. Infection with ZIKV has been associated with neurological complications including Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) and microcephaly, which led the World Health Organization to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in February 2015. To better understand the transmission dynamics of ZIKV, we used a mathematical model to examine the 2013–14 outbreak on the six major archipelagos of French Polynesia. Our median estimates for the basic reproduction number ranged from 2.6–4.8, with an estimated 11.5% (95% CI: 7.32–17.9%) of total infections reported. As a result, we estimated that 94% (95% CI: 91–97%) of the total population of the six archipelagos were infected during the outbreak. Based on the demography of French Polynesia, our results imply that if ZIKV infection provides complete protection against future infection, it would take 12–20 years before there are a sufficient number of susceptible individuals for ZIKV to reemerge, which is on the same timescale as the circulation of dengue virus serotypes in the region. Our analysis suggests that ZIKV may exhibit similar dynamics to dengue virus in island populations, with transmission characterized by large, sporadic outbreaks with a high proportion of asymptomatic or unreported cases.Author SummarySince the first reported major outbreak of Zika virus disease in Micronesia in 2007, the virus has caused outbreaks throughout the Pacific and South America. Transmitted by the Aedes species of mosquitoes, the virus has been linked to possible neurological complications including Guillain-Barre Syndrome and microcephaly. To improve our understanding of the transmission dynamics of Zika virus in island populations, we analysed the 2013–14 outbreak on the six major archipelagos of French Polynesia. We found evidence that Zika virus infected the majority of population, but only around 12% of total infections on the archipelagos were reported as cases. If infection with Zika virus generates lifelong immunity, we estimate that it would take at least 15–20 years before there are enough susceptible people for the virus to reemerge. Our results suggest that Zika virus could exhibit similar dynamics to dengue virus in the Pacific, producing large but sporadic outbreaks in small island populations.

scholarly journals Pregnancy and Zika virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-238
Author(s):  
T. V. Startseva ◽  
N. N. Kanshina ◽  
M. V. Tretyakova ◽  
V. O. Bitsadze ◽  
J. Kh. Khizroeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Asymptomatic Carrier ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Urban Cycle

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) in the genus Flavivirus and the Flaviviridae family. In 1947 and 1948 ZIKV was first isolated from a nonhuman primate as well as from mosquitoes in Africa, respectively. For half a century, ZIKV infections in human were sporadic prior to 2015–2016 pandemic spreading. Transmission of ZIKV from mother to fetus can occur in any trimester of pregnancy, even if mother was an asymptomatic carrier. The clinical signs of ZIKV infection are nonspecific and can be misdiagnosed as some other infectious diseases, especially those caused by arboviruses such as Dengue and Chikungunya. ZIKV infection was solely associated with mild illness prior to the large French Polynesian and Brazil outbreaks, when severe neurological complications, Guillain–Barre syndrome and dramatically increased rate of severe congenital malformations (including microcephaly) were reported. The adaptation of ZIKV to an urban cycle in endemic areas suggests that the incidence of ZIKV infections may be underestimated. The pandemic of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) demonstrates that lessons from ZIKV pandemic propagation has not been learned properly.

Neurological problems in advanced cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 872-889
Author(s):  
Augusto Caraceni ◽  
Fabio Simonetti ◽  
Cinzia Martini
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Leptomeningeal Metastases ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Advanced Illness ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Neurological complications are frequent in patients with advanced cancer. This chapter discusses a variety of neurological problems found in advanced cancer together with their clinical aspects and management, including some suggested regimens for pharmacological therapy. Complications discussed include intracranial hypertension, seizures in patients with advanced illness (including a suggested algorithm for the management of status epilepticus), delirium, brain metastases, spinal cord compression (including an algorithm for the evaluation of back pain), leptomeningeal metastases, base of the skull and cranial nerve syndromes, neurological side effects of drugs used in oncology and palliative care, and paraneoplastic neurological syndromes.

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