Evaluation of the reproductive parameters of female neotropical migratory fish from a lotic and lentic environment of a dammed river

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza Mariz Amador De Souza ◽  
Gabriela Gonçalves Theobaldo ◽  
Elizete Rizzo ◽  
José Enemir Dos Santos ◽  
Nilo Bazzoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Oocyte Diameter ◽  
Migratory Fish ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Follicular Atresia ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Lotic Environment

The fragmentation of watercourses caused by dams is considered to be one of the main threats to aquatic biodiversity worldwide, especially for ichthyofauna. Several studies have shown that the environmental modifications caused by dammed water bodies can change the various reproductive parameters of freshwater fish. Therefore, the present study aims to comparatively analyze the reproductive potential of female Megaleporinus reinhardti, a migratory species, sampled in the lentic environment of the Três Marias Reservoir and the lotic environment of the São Francisco River. Biometric data were obtained from 79 females and the biological indices were subsequently calculated. Additionally, the microscopic analysis of the gonads was performed, and the follicular atresia index was compared. The results of the study show that fish from the lotic environment presented higher gonadal volume, fecundity, and oocyte diameter, and a lower follicular atresia index when compared to fish from the lentic environment. In summary, the data suggest that environmental changes, i.e. from a lotic to lentic environment, caused by river damming, may negatively affect the reproductive process of migratory fish, such as M. reinhardti, and impair the maintenance of the population of this species in lentic environments

EFFECTS OF PARASITISM BY TOMICOBIA TIBIALIS ASHMEAD (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) ON REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF FEMALE PINE ENGRAVERS, IPS PINI (SAY)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Senger ◽  
Bernard D. Roitberg
Keyword(s):  
Power Analysis ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Ips Pini ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Tomicobia Tibialis ◽  
Healthy Females ◽  
Healthy Males

AbstractThe effects of Tomicobia tibialis Ashmead on the reproductive potential of adult Ips pini (Say) females were examined by comparing reproductive indices of parasitized and healthy females maintained in groups of three with healthy males. Parasitized females produced 50% fewer offspring than healthy females, and these offspring were distributed differently in the maternal gallery. Maternal gallery length and larval survival were not significantly different between the two groups, but a statistical power analysis (1 − β) shows this result to be equivocal. The potential to use T. tibialis as a biocontrol agent against I. pini is discussed.

scholarly journals Relevance of reproductive correlates in response of diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to plant quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Soufbaf ◽  
Y. Fathipour ◽  
M.P. Zalucki ◽  
J. Karimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Fecundity Rate ◽  
Standardized Regression Coefficients ◽  
The Difference

To study the relationships between leaf nitrogen and the reproductive potential of diamondback moth, all reproductive parameters of this pest raised on two canola cultivars were evaluated. A standardized regression coefficient (<em>&beta;</em>) was used as an index for nitrogen-reproduction relationship strength. The only difference between net fecundity rate and net fertility rate is <em>h<sub>x</sub></em>&rsquo;s effect, but the difference in their standardized regression coefficients was not significant [<em>&beta;</em>=+0.934 (R<sup>2</sup>=0.87, F<sub>1,4</sub>=27.34, P=0.006) and <em>&beta;</em>=+0.922 (R<sup>2</sup>=0.85, F<sub>1,4</sub>=22.825, P=0.009)]. Accordingly, gross fecundity rate and gross fertility rate differ only in <em>h<sub>x</sub></em>&rsquo;s effect, but the difference in standardized regression coefficients again was not significant [<em>&beta;</em>=0.895 (R<sup>2</sup>=0.8, F<sub>1,4</sub>=16.159, P=0.016)-0.890 (R<sup>2</sup>=0.79, F<sub>1,4</sub>=15.266, P=0.017)=0.005]. As gross fecundity rate differs from net fecundity rate only in midpoint survivorship (<em>L<sub>x</sub></em>)&rsquo;s effect, it is understood that survivorship could affect the plant nitrogen&ndash;fecundity relation considerably (standardized coefficients difference=0.044) and could be a critical parameter in insectplant interactions. But, the terms of reproductive parameters, <em>i.e. L<sub>x</sub> </em>and <em>h<sub>x</sub></em>, showed the same effect on the strength of nitrogen-fecundity regression statistically, even though <em>L<sub>x</sub></em> has been selected frequently by many researchers as an important fitness correlate. Measuring the hatch rate could be recommended in trophic interactions studies due to its being easier to apply, more robust, and quicker to accomplish than measurement of survivorship; however, it is important as an indicator in combination with brood size for determining the initial population size of an insect herbivore.

scholarly journals Reproductive potential of Spodoptera eridania (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the laboratory: effect of multiple couples and the size

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Specht ◽  
D. G. Montezano ◽  
D. R. Sosa-Gómez ◽  
S. V. Paula-Moraes ◽  
V. F. Roque-Specht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Spodoptera Eridania ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Pupal Size ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of keeping three couples in the same cage, and the size of adults emerged from small, medium-sized and large pupae (278.67 mg; 333.20 mg and 381.58 mg, respectively), on the reproductive potential of S. eridania (Stoll, 1782) adults, under controlled conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 70% RH and 14 hour photophase). We evaluated the survival, number of copulations, fecundity and fertility of the adult females. The survival of females from these different pupal sizes did not differ statistically, but the survival of males from large pupae was statistically shorter than from small pupae. Fecundity differed significantly and correlated positively with size. The number of effective copulations (espematophores) and fertility did not vary significantly with pupal size. Our results emphasize the importance of indicating the number of copulations and the size of the insects when reproductive parameters are compared.

scholarly journals Caracterização paleohidrológica de estruturas sedimentares quaternárias através de análises macroscópias e microscópicas: do registro sedimentar local aos indícios de mudanças globais

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCELO ACCIOLY TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
GISELE CAMARGO ◽  
JULIO CÉSAR PAISANI ◽  
MAURÍCIO CAMARGO FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Evolutionary Pattern ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Global Environmental Changes ◽  
Geomorphic Surfaces ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Preliminary results based on macroscopic and microscopic analysis of quaternary sedimentary structures and paleosoils preserved on footslope deposits are presented in this paper. Together with geochronologic estimates for the main pedo-stratigraphic units, the paper suggests an evolutionary pattern for geomorphic surfaces situated at the highlands of the States of Paraná and Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. the association of that pattern with global environmental changes is postulated. Based on sedimentologic and geomorphologic evidences, paleohydrologic interpretations suggest the predominance of relative wet local climates at the end of the Pleistocene. Indeed, 14C ages of paleosoils in the study area suggest the development of organic and hydromorphic soils during the coldest periods of isotopic stages 3 and 2. As peat horizons need anaerobic conditions to fully develop, such a result lead us to challenge the predominant role attributed to lower precipitation as a cause of geomorphic and vegetation changes during the Quaternary in the tropics and subtropics. Indeed, together with lower precipitation. Lower temperatures and, most important, an excess of precipitation over evaporation should be considered as the same importance. In so far, the indication of waterlogged soils, even during the Last Glacial Maximum, well explain the pattern of evolution of geomorphic surfaces and related pedo-stratigraphic features in the area. Indeed, taking into account the calibrated isotopic curves from Antarctic ice cores for the last 40 ka, we conclude that soil development and colluvial building by diffuse processes prevailed during Stadials, while pulses of erosive incision punctuated Insterstadials.

scholarly journals Association between Heavy Metals and Selected Reproductive Parameters in the Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, along River Ruiru, Kiambu County, Kenya

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Ong’eta M. K Wamboka ◽  
Syprine A. Otieno ◽  
Jemimah A. Simbauni
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Tropical Fish ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fish Samples

The Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is a tropical fish species of commercial importance in both aquaculture and in the wild. It plays a great role in human nutrition and food security. River Ruiru is one of the rivers faced with pollution from nearby industries. It is inhabited by various species of fish such as tilapia and common carp, which, may be harvested by surrounding communities for food. High levels of heavy metals disrupt normal reproductive process in fish. Besides, it has been reported that edible fish contaminated with heavy metals has deleterious effects on the health of humans and other animals that consume them. There is no documented information on the association between heavy metals and the reproductive biology of Oreochromis niloticus in River Ruiru. This study was aimed at assessing the level of heavy metals in fish ovaries and their association with selected reproductive parameters in the reproductive cycle of O. niloticus. Fish samples were collected monthly, for 8 months, from the downstream and upstream sections. Gonadosomatic index (GSI), serum 17β-estradiol (E2) levels and levels of heavy metals lead, cadmium, copper, iron and zinc in ovaries were determined. The levels of the heavy metals were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The level of E2 was analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. There was no significant difference in the GSI between the upstream and the downstream sites (t=0.82, p=0.416). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the levels of E2 between the downstream and the upstream sampling sections. In the downstream, the levels of lead and iron in fish ovaries were significantly higher compared to the upstream (lead: t = 3.36, p = 0.002; iron: t = 4.920, p=0.001). The results showed that levels of heavy metals did not associate with the selected reproductive parameters in the Nile tilapia, along River Ruiru. Levels of lead and cadmium were above allowable concentrations for fish consumption when compared to WHO levels. The study recommends that the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources should put measures in place to stop discharging raw effluents into River Ruiru.

Effect of seasonal environmental changes on selected reproductive parameters in mares

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
Z. Vilhanová ◽  
F. Novotný ◽  
I. Valocký ◽  
V. Hura ◽  
P. Horňáková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles

The aim of this study was to monitor and evaluate the seasonal changes on selected reproductive parameters in mares. Ninety-six mares of different breeds, aged 3 to 23 years were evaluated during the breeding season 2015–2018 at the Equine clinic at University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmaco­logy in Košice, Slovakia (48°42´N, 21°15´E). The beginning of the estrus was determined by history or observation, mares were examined every 6 hours, blood for progesterone analysis was taken from the jugular vein. Correlation analyses were performed using both the Pearson and the Spearman correlation coefficient. Statistical analysis was performed using the functions of Microsoft Excel and GraphPad Prism. The day length (r = -0.708, P<0.0001) and the average ambient temperature (r = -0.754, P<0.0001) had a statistically significant effect on the duration of estrus. The shortest estrus was recorded in July with day length of 15 hours 40 minutes at an average temperature of 21.4 ± 0.52 °C, with duration 4.67 ± 0.58 days. The longest estrus was recorded in April with day length of 11 hours 48 minutes at average temperature of 6.9 °C. The environmental factors did not affect the size of the preovulatory follicles, the concentration of progesterone, the internal changes of uterus and the external manifestations of estrus.

Quaternary Environmental Changes in the Corinth Rift Area: the IODP 381 Palynological Record

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Fatourou ◽  
Aikaterini Kafetzidou ◽  
Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ◽  
Fabienne Marret ◽  
Sofia Papadopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Gulf Of Corinth

&lt;p&gt;The new sedimentary record from the Gulf of Corinth (south Greece), retrieved within the IODP Exp. 381: Corinth Active Rift Development, is a new archive registering environmental and climatic variability continuously over the last one million years. The Gulf of Corinth, strategically located at the southernmost tip of the Balkan Peninsula, is a semi-enclosed basin that is sensitive to climate forcing and sea level fluctuations. The Gulf was repeatedly isolated from the Mediterranean Sea during glacial/low-stand intervals, resulting in the amplification of paleoenvironmental gradients (McNeill et al., 2019).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &amp;#8220;Quaternary Environmental Changes in the Corinth Rift Area: the IODP 381 palaeovegetation record (QECCoRA)&amp;#8221; project aims to analyse how climate variability affected the development of local vegetation and marine ecosystems in response to glacial/interglacial cycles, using palynological analysis (terrestrial and aquatic palynomorphs). The main goals are: a) to study the glacial-interglacial vegetation history in the southernmost Balkan tree refugium at a millennial scale b) to constrain the timing of Quaternary extinctions of relict tree taxa, and c) to decipher the alternation between marine and isolated intervals and its impact on aquatic ecosystems and the depositional environment using the aquatic palynomorph record.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The first results of the microscopic analysis show significant shifts of the vegetation composition in response to climate variability, nevertheless the fluctuation in vegetation cover appears less pronounced. Dinoflagellate cysts show distinct alternations between marine and brackish conditions revealing changes in surface water salinity, productivity, and temperature. Ongoing palynological analysis will produce a skeleton paleoenvironmental record that will contribute to further analyses carried out within the IODP Exp. 381 Science team.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The QECCoRA project is supported by the Hellenic Foundation of Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I., Project Number: 1026)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reference&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;McNeill LC, Shillington DJ, Carter GDO, Everest J, Gawthorpe R, Miller C, Phillips M, Collier R, Cvetkoska A, De Gelder G, Diz Ferreiro P, Doan M-L, Ford M, Geraga M, Gillespie J, Hemelsdael R, Herrero-Bervera E, Ismaiel M, Janikian L, Kouli K, Le Ber E, Li S, Maffione M, Mahoney C, Machlus M, Michas G, Nixon C, Oflaz SA, Omale A, Panagiotopoulos K, Pechlivanidou S, Sauer S, Seguin J, Sergiou S, Zhakarova N, Green S, High-resolution record reveals climate-driven environmental and sedimentary changes in an active rift, Scientific Reports, 9:3116, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40022-w&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals THE USE OF EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGICAL DATA FOR EVALUATION OF THE STATE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF SMALL MAMMALS

2016 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
V. S. Besel ◽  
S. V. Mukhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Toxicological Data

An attempt was made to estimate the dimension of direct toxic effects of exposure to Cd on the basis of researches on reproductive parameters in small mammals in natural populations ( on the example of red-backed vole) inhabiting localities of large-scale non-ferrous metal plants and comparison of results obtained with outcome of toxicological experiments ( chronic exposure of female rats to Cd) ). It was expected that at the existing pollution levels, embryonic losses caused by direct toxic effect of Cd shouldn’t exceed 7%; however actual losses significantly exceeded extrapolation results. Distinctions observed are caused by impact of external and internal factors influencing reproductive potential on fulfillment of reproduction of animals in natural populations.

scholarly journals Effect of intensification in environments with zero-water exchange on the reproductive potential of Cherax quadricarinatus

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-586
Author(s):  
Armando Monge-Quevedo ◽  
Ramón Casillas-Hernández ◽  
Diana Carreño-León ◽  
José Naranjo-Páramo ◽  
Humberto Villarreal-Colmenares
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Cherax Quadricarinatus ◽  
Fertility Index ◽  
Intensive System

Reproductive parameters (number of eggs, fertility index, survival of juveniles) and the biochemical composition (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids) of Cherax quadricarinatus broodstock were examined in specimens with weights ranging from: (i) 30-45; (ii) 46-60; (iii) 61-75g; (iv) 76-90 g, in an intensive system (4 organisms/m2) with zero-water exchange (maintained at 28+1?C and aerated continuously). Better reproductive efficiency was observed in specimens with smaller weights. This effect was also reflected in the biochemical parameters of the eggs and juveniles. The use of broodstock whose weight ranges between 45 and 60g is recommended.

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