scholarly journals An 8-Year Longitudinal Study of Overreaching in 114 Elite Female Chinese Wrestlers

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Tian ◽  
Zihong He ◽  
Jiexiu Zhao ◽  
Dalang Tao ◽  
Kuiyuan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Hemoglobin F ◽  
Overtraining Syndrome ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Post Hoc

Context: Successful training involves structured overload but must avoid the combination of excessive overload and inadequate recovery. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of functional overreaching (FOR), nonfunctional overreaching (NFOR), and overtraining syndrome in elite female wrestlers during their normal training and competition schedules and to explore the utility of blood markers for the early detection of overreaching. Classification of FOR, NFOR, and overtraining syndrome was based on the European Congress of Sports Medicine position statement. Design: Case series. Setting: China Institute of Sport Science. Patients or Other Participants: Over an 8-year period, 114 wrestlers from the women's Asian wrestling team were monitored to help identify if and when they experienced FOR, NFOR, or overtraining syndrome. Main Outcome Measure(s): Creatine kinase, hemoglobin, testosterone, and cortisol were measured throughout the period to identify whether wrestlers were outside the reference intervals (constructed from normal recovery data) during periods of overreaching and not overreaching. Results: Among the 114 athletes, there were 13 (3.6%) instances of FOR, 23 (6.4%) instances of NFOR, and 2 (0.6%) instances of overtraining syndrome. The diagnostic sensitivity for FOR was 38%, 15%, 45%, and 18% for creatine kinase, hemoglobin, testosterone, and cortisol, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity for NFOR was 29%, 33%, 26%, and 35% for creatine kinase, hemoglobin, testosterone, and cortisol, respectively. Specificity was 79%, 88%, 90%, and 82% for creatine kinase, hemoglobin, testosterone, and cortisol, respectively. Post hoc analysis showed no mean differences in creatine kinase (F = 0.5, P = .47), hemoglobin (F = 3.8, P = .052), testosterone (F = 0.2, P = .62), or cortisol (F = 0.04, P = .85) between monitoring periods when wrestlers were and were not diagnosed with FOR and NFOR. Conclusions: Coaches and sports scientists should not use single blood variables as markers of overreaching in elite female wrestlers.

scholarly journals Confirming Proper Button Deployment of Suspensory Fixation During ACL Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 232596712097434
Author(s):  
Daniel F. O’Brien ◽  
Lilah Fones ◽  
Victoria Stoj ◽  
Cory Edgar ◽  
Katherine Coyner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Graft Fixation ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Lateral Cortex ◽  
Suture Button ◽  
Suspensory Fixation

Background: Suspensory fixation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) grafts has emerged as a popular device for femoral graft fixation. However, improper deployment of the suspensory fixation can compromise proper graft tensioning, leading to failure and revision. Also, soft tissue interposition between the button and bone has been associated with graft migration and pain, occasionally requiring revision surgery. Many surgeons rely on manual testing and application of distal tension to the graft to confirm proper button deployment on the lateral cortex of the femur for ACL graft fixation. Purpose: To determine the reliability of the manual resistance maneuver when applying distal tension to deploy the suspensory device along the lateral cortex of the femur. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All patients undergoing ACLR with a suture button suspensory device for femoral fixation were eligible for enrollment in the study. The surgeries were performed by 3 board-certified, sports medicine fellowship–trained orthopaedic surgeons at a single outpatient surgical center between May 2018 and June 2019. All grafts were passed in a retrograde manner into the femoral tunnel, and a vigorous manual tensioning maneuver in a distal direction was placed on the graft to deploy and secure along the lateral cortex of the femur. Intraoperative mini c-arm fluoroscopy was obtained to demonstrate proper suture button positioning. If interposing tissue or an improperly flipped button was identified, rectifying steps were undertaken and recorded. Results: A total of 51 patients with a mean age of 33.3 years were included in the study. Of these patients, 74.5% had normal suture button positioning identified via intraoperative fluoroscopic imaging, while 15.7% had interposed soft tissue and 9.8% had an improperly flipped button. In all cases, the surgeon was able to rectify the malpositioning intraoperatively. Conclusion: Despite the manual sensation of proper suspensory button positioning, intraoperative fluoroscopy identified suture button deployment errors in ACLR 25% of the time. Correcting the malpositioning is not technically demanding. These findings advocate for routine intraoperative surveillance to confirm appropriate suture button seating during ACLR.

Are the currently used reference intervals for creatine kinase (CK) reflecting the general population? The Tromsø Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallvard Lilleng ◽  
Stein Harald Johnsen ◽  
Tom Wilsgaard ◽  
Svein Ivar Bekkelund
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
General Population ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
Reference Limits ◽  
Laboratory Reference

AbstractLaboratory reference intervals are not necessarily reflecting the range in the background population. This study compared creatine kinase (CK) reference intervals calculated from a large sample from a Norwegian population with those elaborated by the Nordic Reference Interval Project (NORIP). It also assessed the pattern of CK-normalization after standardized control analyses.New upper reference limits (URL) CK values were calculated after exclusion of individuals with risk of hyperCKemia and including individuals with incidentally detected hyperCKemia after they had completed a standardized control analysis. After exclusion of 5924 individuals with possible causes of hyperCKemia, CK samples were analyzed in 6904 individuals participating in the 6th survey of The Tromsø Study. URL was defined as the 97.5 percentile.New URL in women was 207 U/L. In men <50 years it was 395 U/L and in men ≥50 years 340 U/L. In individuals with elevated CK, normalization grade after control analysis was inversely correlated to the CK level (p<0.04).URL CK values in women and in men <50 years of age were in accordance with URL CK values given by the NORIP. In men ≥50 years, a higher URL was found and the findings suggest an upward adjustment of URL in this age group.

scholarly journals CREATININE AND CREATINE KINASE RATIO IN BLOOD OF DIFFERENT BODY TYPES - A NEW APPROACH.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Pritha Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Creatine Kinase Level ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Purpose: The inconsistencies and variations of creatine kinase level due to modifiable and non-modifiable factors were the basis of this study. The aim was to find out the relationships between creatinine and creatine kinase in the blood of somatotypes.    Methods: The 122 males, aged 10 to 20 years, were classified according to their somatotypes. Somatotypes were measured by the ISAK method. By standard laboratory methods, creatinine and creatine kinase estimate. The IBM SPSS version 24 is used for calculation. One way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests was performed to compare the variables among the three groups (p<0.05).   Results: Creatinine level in the blood insignificantly deferred among the three somatotypes. The significant differences (p<0.05) were found in creatine kinase level in the blood and creatinine/creatine kinase ratio among the three dominant Somatotypes. Creatine Kinase was significantly higher in Ectomorphs (212 U/L) than Endomorphs. Ectomorphs and mesomorphs have crossed normal creatine kinase levels (35 -175 U/L). The creatinine/creatine kinase ratio was found highest in endomorphs and lowest in the ectomorphs and significantly differed in three Somatotypes.   Conclusion: Creatinine production remains the same, indicating production of Creatinine is independent of specific body types. A significant higher Creatine Kinase level in Ectomorphs over Endomorphs showed fat content was not associated with it. Significant differences in Creatinine / Creatine Kinase ratio among Somatotypes suggested its relevance between cellular and morphological relationships and might uses as biomarkers. 

scholarly journals Diagnosing Overtraining Syndrome: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110447
Author(s):  
Justin Carrard ◽  
Anne-Catherine Rigort ◽  
Christian Appenzeller-Herzog ◽  
Flora Colledge ◽  
Karsten Königstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Overtraining Syndrome ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Study Characteristics

Context: Overtraining syndrome (OTS) is a condition characterized by a long-term performance decrement, which occurs after a persisting imbalance between training-related and nontraining-related load and recovery. Because of the lack of a gold standard diagnostic test, OTS remains a diagnosis of exclusion. Objective: To systematically review and map biomarkers and tools reported in the literature as potentially diagnostic for OTS. Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus were searched from database inception to February 4, 2021, and results screened for eligibility. Backward and forward citation tracking on eligible records were used to complement results of database searching. Study Selection: Studies including athletes with a likely OTS diagnosis, as defined by the European College of Sport Science and the American College of Sports Medicine, and reporting at least 1 biomarker or tool potentially diagnostic for OTS were deemed eligible. Study Design: Scoping review following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Level of Evidence: Level 4. Data Extraction: Athletes’ population, criteria used to diagnose OTS, potentially diagnostic biomarkers and tools, as well as miscellaneous study characteristics were extracted. Results: The search yielded 5561 results, of which 39 met the eligibility criteria. Three diagnostic scores, namely the EROS-CLINICAL, EROS-SIMPLIFIED, and EROS-COMPLETE scores (EROS = Endocrine and Metabolic Responses on Overtraining Syndrome study), were identified. Additionally, basal hormone, neurotransmitter and other metabolite levels, hormonal responses to stimuli, psychological questionnaires, exercise tests, heart rate variability, electroencephalography, immunological and redox parameters, muscle structure, and body composition were reported as potentially diagnostic for OTS. Conclusion: Specific hormones, neurotransmitters, and metabolites, as well as psychological, electrocardiographic, electroencephalographic, and immunological patterns were identified as potentially diagnostic for OTS, reflecting its multisystemic nature. As exemplified by the EROS scores, combinations of these variables may be required to diagnose OTS. These scores must now be validated in larger samples and within female athletes.

scholarly journals South African Sports Medicine Association Position Statement on Exercise in Pregnancy

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Barsky ◽  
T Smith ◽  
J Patricios ◽  
R Collins ◽  
A Branfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Exercise In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Comparison of chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) with electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafija Serdarevic ◽  
Jasmina Smajic
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Serum Cea ◽  
Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay ◽  
Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Sera Samples

Introduction: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is used for monitoring of disease progression and treatment response in cancer patients. Our aim was to compare the performance of chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) with electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for CEA. Methods: A total of 115 samples were collected during routine diagnostic, prognostic and therapy monitoring procedures in patients with colorectal and pancreatic cancer. We used ARCHITECT i2000SR and Cobas E601 for CEA analysis in sera samples. Results: The correlation coefficient of 0.984 [95% CI: 0.972 to 0.991] for results obtained on both platforms was observed for CEA≤10 ng/mL group. Moreover, intercept of 0.9027 [95% CI: 0.705 to 1.099] and slope 0.8076 [95% CI: 0.765 to 0.8498]  (p < 0.0001) was observed in this group. In CEA >10 ng/mL group we observed slope = 1.1986  [95%CI: 1.1474 to 1.2498]  (p < 0.0001), intercept = -11.69 [-17.53 to - 5.84] and correlation coefficient of 0.985 [95% CI: 0.976 to 0.9914]. Mean differences between assays in group ≤10 ng/mL and >10 ng/mL were 0.2066 (95% CI: 0.0019 to 0.4113) and –2.66 (95% CI: -10.10 to 4.76) ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Although there were differences, based on 20 days precision tests, overall results showed a good analytical performance and correlation between CEA assays on ARCHITECT i2000SR and Cobas E601 platforms. Reference intervals appropriate for the method of CEA measurement should be used. The standardization and harmonization of serum CEA concentration assays are needed.

American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) Position Statement: Interventional Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Sports Medicine

PM&R ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-168.e12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan T. Finnoff ◽  
Mederic M. Hall ◽  
Erik Adams ◽  
David Berkoff ◽  
Andrew L. Concoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Medical ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound ◽  
Medical Society

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Tenotomy and Debridement for Calcific Tendinopathy of the Shoulder: A Pilot Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272096466
Author(s):  
Jacob L. Erickson ◽  
Andrew R. Jagim
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Calcific Tendinopathy ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Post Procedure

Calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff is a common cause of shoulder pain and debility. Minimally invasive treatment options have been employed for management; however, ultrasonic tenotomy has not been previously described for management of calcific tendinopathy of the shoulder. The purpose of the current case series was to provide preliminary evidence in support of a novel treatment modality for calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff. This descriptive pilot case series included a total of 8 patients with calcific tendinopathy of the supraspinatus that underwent ultrasound-guided ultrasonic debridement in the sports medicine clinic. All procedures were performed by the same physician (JLE). All patients had confirmation of the diagnosis with MRI and ultrasound imaging. Pain was measured pre-procedure and followed until 3-months post-procedure. Very large, statistically significant, reductions (P < .01) in pain scores were observed at 1 (ES = 1.93), 2 (ES = 1.84) and 3 (ES = 2.20) months post-procedure, respectively. All patients experienced a significant reduction in pain scores, regardless of hardness of the calcium deposit, at 1 month post-procedure with pain scores remaining lower than at baseline at 2 and 3 months post-procedure. No adverse events were noted in any patients. Ultrasonic tenotomy and debridement appears to be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with calcific tendinopathy of the supraspinatus.

scholarly journals Division of Myocardial Enzyme Reference Intervals in Population Aged 1 to <18 Years Old Based on Fisher’s Optimal Segmentation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjia Guo ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Yanan Jia ◽  
Jiancheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Segmentation Method ◽  
Splitting Sequence ◽  
Biochemical Analyzer ◽  
Optimal Segmentation ◽  
Ordered Data

Background. Reference interval (RI) research is to make it a concise, effective, and practical diagnostic tool. This study aimed to establish sex- and age-specific RI for myocardial enzyme activity in population aged 1–<18 years old in Changchun, China. Methods. Healthy subjects (n = 6,322, 1–<18 years old) were recruited from communities and schools. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CKMB) were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Fisher’s optimal segmentation method was used to partition by including percentiles as impact factors, aiming at minimizing the sum of the squares of the total dispersion into groups as splitting sequence of ordered data. Results. AST decreased gradually and was partitioned as 1, 2∼<10 and 10∼<18 years old. LDH presented disparate descending rate among 1∼<4, 4∼<12, and 12∼<18 years old. CK stood quite stable with the same RI in all ages. CKMB began to differ at 6 years of age sexually and then remained stable during 6∼<14 years old for male while it continued to decline in female. Cardiac development was partitioned as 1∼<6, 6∼<13, and 13∼<18 years old using multiple percentiles from massive data that reflect characteristics of totality as impact factors. Conclusions. Fisher’s optimal segmentation method excelled for multidimensionality, continuity, and loop calculating as dealing with RIs for myocardial enzymes activity and cardiac development process despite limitations. In future, impact of partition on the overall interval should be delved into.

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