The potential of carbon nanorods (NRs) derived from garbage leachate was assessed in a fixed-bed and batch system replacing the present costly approaches to treat surface water polluted by 4-Nonylphenol. First, the waste leachate was coated on silica particles and then pyrolysis was performed at 300 to 800℃. The optimum temperature for the production of nano-adsorbent was determined by analyses such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for adsorbent morphological characterization, X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and Raman test. Next, Freundlich, Langmuir, and UT isotherm models were used to analyze the batch equilibrium data. The impact of inlet 4-NP concentration (0.5, 1, and 2 mgL-1), feed flow rate (5, 10, and 20 mLmin-1), bed height (5, 10, and 15 cm), and bottom-up flow on the breakthrough features of the sorption system with a fixed bed was examined. The adsorption data were fitted using the well-known column models (i.e., Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and Adams-Bohart). For all circumstances, the best fitting was obtained for the attained results using Yoon-Nelson and Thomas models, but not the Adams-Bohart model. The experimental data confirmed that increasing the inlet concentration and bed depth resulted in an increase in the adsorption capacity and a decrease in flow rate. After applying a different regeneration process, the results showed the effectiveness of the novel engineered substance as a reusable adsorbent for water treatment.
A fixed bed sorption system for defluoridation of ground water
