scholarly journals Biosorption of Fluoride from Synthetic and Ground Water Using Chlorella vulgaris Immobilized in Calcium Alginate Beads in an Upflow Packed Bed Column

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poornima G. Hiremath ◽  
Thomas Theodore
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption

The potential of immobilized Chlorella vulgaris to remove fluoride from synthetic and real ground water samples in a fixed bed was investigated. The effect of important kinetic parameters including column bed height, feed flow rate and influent fluoride concentration of solution on fluoride removal was studied. Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and BDST models were used to analyze the experimental data and understand the influence on biosorption performance. The models’ predictions were in good agreement with the experimental data for all the process parameters studied, indicating that the models were suitable for fixed-bed column design. Fluoride adsorption was reversible. Desorption of fluoride ions was accomplished by pumping 0.1 N HCl solution. The reusability of adsorbent was studied by subjecting column to repeated cycles of fluoride adsorption and desorption. The suitability of immobilized C. vulgaris adsorbent for fluoride removal from ground water samples of Pavagada taluk, Tumakuru district was studied in the packed column.

Development and Comparative Analysis of Aluminosilicate Based Ceramic Filters for Ground Water Defluoridation

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 822-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnson Kwame Efavi ◽  
Abu Yaya ◽  
Solomon Adeborna ◽  
Julius Fobil
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Ceramic Filters ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Filter Thickness ◽  
Time Required

Low levels of fluoride in drinking water is healthy for the teeth enamel, however, higher concentrations result in dental fluorosis with prolonged exposures leading to skeletal fluorosis. Fluoride removal capacities of ceramic filters using aluminosilicates (Anfoega clay, Kibi kaolin, Laterite soil and Termitaria earth) samples from Ghana Geological Survey Department have been investigated and analysed for possible application in the Bongo District of Ghana noted forhavinghigh fluoride concentration in its ground water. Batch sorption studies conducted revealed that the amount of fluoride ions removed increased proportionally with increasing filter thickness, temperature and contact time to an optimum value. Using particle size ranges of <355μm and 1cm filter thickness at room temperature, the percentage of fluoride removed by the samples reached an optimum value after 70mins. Increases in filter thickness, contact time or temperatureincreased the amount of fluoride ions removedand the time required to reach the optimum value reduced significantly.

scholarly journals Remediation of Fluoride Laden Water by Complexation with Triethylamine Modified Maize Tassels

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Charles Kamathi Mwangi ◽  
Isaac W. Mwangi ◽  
Ruth N. Wanjau ◽  
Sauda Swaleh ◽  
Manohar Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Real Water Samples ◽  
Model Solutions ◽  
Point Of Use

<p class="1Body">Several methods for the removal of fluorides in water have been proposed, most of which rely on the use of biomaterials and bone char. In such processes, the adsorbent become loaded with the pre-concentrated pollutant leading to a disposal problem. This study reports on the modification of the maize tassels with triethylamine followed by its subsequent application on the removal of fluoride ions from water. The theory underlying the removal method is based on the interaction of the permanently charged quaternized material with the highly electronegative fluoride ion. This is a regeneratable, affordable, eco-friendly, solution to the problem of secondary pollution and sustainable water remediation method of this toxic water pollutant. The resulting biomaterial derived from agricultural waste was used in the removal experiments on both model solutions and real water samples. The effect of pH, contact time, initial fluoride concentration and biomaterial resin dosage were investigated. It was observed that the amount complexed fluoride ions per unit mass of biomaterial increased with increase in concentration up to a point of saturation. The optimum removal pH was found to be 4.0. The biomaterial was very effective in fluoride removal as 86% of the fluoride was removed within the first 20 min. However, the uptake of fluoride ions in real water samples was found to be slightly lower compared to the model solutions. The experimental data was analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It fitted best in the Langmuir isotherm implying a chemisorption process. The adsorption capacity was found to be 0.19 mg/g and it was also observed that the sorbent when packed in a SPE column could be regenerated by stripping the attached fluoride ions with a dilute hydrochloric acid solution. These findings show that the modified material is suitable for application in the removal of fluorides in water at a point of use. This is intended to offer a solution to the drinking water for the children born by the population living in areas that are naturally fluoridated. Such parents are mean with their smile due to the problem of their permanently brown stained teeth.</p>

scholarly journals Column Efficiency of Fluoride Removal Using Quaternized Palm Kernel Shell (QPKS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayu Haslija Abu Bakar ◽  
Luqman Chuah Abdullah ◽  
Nur Amirah Mohd Zahri ◽  
Ma’an Alkhatib
Keyword(s):  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Fixed Bed Adsorption

In this research, the adsorption potential of quaternized palm kernel shell (QPKS) to remove F− from aqueous solution was investigated using fixed-bed adsorption column. Raw palm kernel shell waste was reacted with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride (CHMAC) in order to modify the surface charge. The effects of inlet F− concentrations (2–12 mg/l) and QPKS bed height (2–10 cm) with optimum pH (pH = 3) on the breakthrough characteristics of the adsorption system were determined. In the fixed-bed column, breakthrough time increases with increasing bed height due to increasing amount of active site on adsorbents to adsorb the fluoride ion. Decreasing trend of breakthrough values was obtained with increasing initial fluoride concentration due to greater driving force for the transfer process to overcome the mass transfer resistance in the column. The adsorptions were fitted to three well-established fixed-bed adsorption models, namely, Thomas, Yoon–Nelson, and Adams–Bohart models. The results fitted well to the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models with correlation coefficient, R2 ≥ 0.96.

scholarly journals Assessment of Fluoride in Groundwater and Surface Water in Gorakhpur District, Uttar Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 2028-2036
Author(s):  
Aseem Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Groundwater Source

Fluorine is the most electronegative and most reactive halogen. Fluorine is 13th most common element on earth crust found in the form of fluoride. Concentration of fluoride below 1 mg/l are believed beneficial in the prevention of dental carries or tooth decay, but above 1.5mg/l, it increases the severity of the deadly diseases fluorosis, which is incurable in India. The whole study was conducted in Gorakhpur region to know about the concentration of fluoride, mainly in rural areas of the district. We have collected 64 drinking water samples from 9 blocks of the district in which we took 6 number of ground water samples from each block so total 54 number of samples were collected from the groundwater source and 8 number of samples were taken from surface water source. Out of 54 ground water samples, 36 numbers of samples were taken from India Mark-II hand pumps and rest 18 number of samples were taken from shallow depth hand pumps and tested to determine the concentration of fluoride. From our assessment we came to know that in this region the concentration of fluoride in groundwater ranges between 0.004 to 1.42mg/l, minimum value is found in the surface water source and the maximum value is found from the ground water source.The samples collected from both ground water and as well as surface water were taken from potable sources i.e. they are used for drinking purposes in daily routine. After the testing and analyzing the samples it is come to know that surface water has quite lower levels fluoride compare to ground water. The conclusion of this work is to give information about the concentration of fluoride in groundwater and surface water of the district.

scholarly journals Fluoride Variations in Rivers on the Slopes of Mount Meru in Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo J. Kitalika ◽  
Revocatus L. Machunda ◽  
Hans C. Komakech ◽  
Karoli N. Njau
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
World Health ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
The World

This study reports the variations of fluoride ions in rivers on the slopes of Mount Meru in the northern part of Tanzania. More than 318 water samples were collected from Temi, Nduruma, Tengeru, and Maji ya Chai Rivers in both wet (mid-March and April) and dry (August) seasons. The samples were analyzed for fluoride levels using Ion Selective Electrode (ISE). The minimum and maximum average fluoride levels in the wet season were 0.24±0.03 mg/l and 65.20±0.03 mg/l, respectively, whereas the average lowest and highest levels in the dry season were 1.02±0.02 mg/l and 69.01±0.03 mg/l, respectively. Tengeru River had the lowest fluoride levels in both seasons, whereas Maji ya Chai recorded the highest fluoride levels in both seasons. The headwater of all rivers with the exception of Maji ya Chai met the World Health Organization’s (WHO) maximum acceptable fluoride levels of 1.50 mg/l and the downstream environment qualified for Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) maximum permissible fluoride concentration in drinking water of 4.00 mg/l. Also, the laboratory experiments showed that fluoride containing rocks exposed to pH above 7.6 display high leaching of F− in solution which gradually increased with the increase in pH, indicating that dissolution of fluoride in water is a function of pH.

scholarly journals Fixed bed column performance of tinospora cordifolia for defluoridation of water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Chakraborty ◽  
Madhurima Pandey ◽  
Piyushkant Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Fixed Bed Column ◽  
Continuous Adsorption ◽  
Defluoridation Of Water

Abstract A continuous adsorption study in a fixed-bed column was carried out by using Tinospora cordifolia as an adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from aqueous solution. The effect of flow rate, influent fluoride concentration and bed depth on the adsorption characteristics of adsorbent was investigated at pH 7. The dependencies of breakthrough curves on these parameters were confirmed from the data obtained. Modeling of data was done. Thomas, Yoon–Nelson and Adams–Bohart models were applied to experimental data to predict the breakthrough curves. These kinetic models were helpful to determine the characteristic parameters of column designing for defluoridation on a large scale. Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models were found to be more suitable for the description of the breakthrough curve than the Adams–Bohart model in the present study. It was concluded that the Tinospora cordifolia-packed column can be used for effective defluoridation of water.

scholarly journals Isolation of Fluoride Resistant Microorganisms from Fluoride Contaminated Ground Water Samples of Nalgonda District and their role in Bioremediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Thirumala Mothe ◽  
Patnam Umashankar ◽  
Vishnuvardhan Reddy Sultanpuram
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
High Fluoride Concentration ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
Nalgonda District

Consuming of water contaminated with high fluoride concentration for a very long time causes health problems such as, dental and skeletal fluorosis. Hence, defluoridation of water is essentially required before consumption, when water is contaminated with high fluoride concentration. In this present study, research was focussed on to isolate bacteria which are showing fluoride resistantance from samples of ground water from high fluoride affected regions of Nalgonda. After analysis of 10 samples from different areas of Nalgonda district, two samples of ground water from Narketpally and Nampally showed the high fluoride concentrations of 9.18 ppm and 7.55 ppm respectively. Hence, in the present study, Narketpally ground water sample with highest ppm was considered to isolate fluoride resistant bacteria. A total of eight fluoride resistant organisms were purified from this sample with varying fluoride resistance on Luria Bertani agar with varying fluoride concentraion from 25mg/L to 600mg/L at pH 7. Among the eight strains isolated, three strains MB1, F and G were showing high fluoride resistance (up to 500mg/L), which were further explored for their role in bioremediation of fluoride. In batch mode study, MB1 strain showed high fluoride degradation of 68%, whereas, F and G strains showed 57% and 44%fluoride removal, respectively, when fluoride concentration was present at 20 mgL-1 at 30 °C temperature and pH 7, with dextrose (10 g) utilised as source of carbon per 100 mL media after incubation of 8 days. Results indicate that, MB1 possibly a potential fluoride resistant bacterium with high fluoride bioremediation capacity.

scholarly journals Assessment of Fluoride Content in Ground Water and its Impact on Wheat and Vegetables of Dausa District, Rajasthan, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 555-557
Author(s):  
Dr. Rekha Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Content ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Hand Pump ◽  
Fluoride Accumulation

In the present investigation samples of ground water ( open well, hand pump), wheat and vegetables (spinach, potato and tomato) were collected from different areas of Dausa district of Rajasthan and analyzed to access the adverse effect on human health due to fluoride accumulation. The fluoride concentration varies between 5.1-14.9 mg/l in the collected water samples, where as in wheat samples it was found in the range of 3.42-14.25mg/l and in vegetables from 1.19-22.45mg/l. The fluoride accumulation was found to be much higher in leafy vegetable (spinach) than that of in other vegetables, where seeds or tubers are the main edible part (potato and tomato). Cereal crop ( wheat ) also estimated with more fluoride content then potato and tomato. The maximum concentration of fluoride in water, wheat and vegetables was 14.9mg/l (Bairwa Mohalla/Dausa ), 14.25 µg/g (Seengpura/Dausa) and 22.45 µg/g (Kalyanpura/ Dausa) respectively. It was observed that large number of people from Bairwa Mohalla/Dausa were suffering from Skeletal and Dental fluorosis.

Fluoride Removal of a Novel Ultrasonic-Assisted Supported Fe/γ-Al2O3 Adsorbent

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Hui Zou ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Li Hong ◽  
Zhong Yu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ph Range

Ultrasonic-assisted supported Fe/γ-Al2O3, fluoride; γ-Al2O3; adsorption Abstract: γ-Al2O3 adsorbent modified with iron (Fe/γ-Al2O3) was prepared by impregnation and ultrasonic wave-assisted oxidation. The optimum pH range for fluoride adsorption was 3.0–9.0, which is preferable for actual application. The maximum adsorption capacity of the Fe/γ-Al2O3 adsorbent was 2.51 mg g-1 and about 2 times of the plain γ-Al2O3 (γ-Al2O3). A column experiment was performed at an initial fluoride concentration of 30 mg l-1, space velocity of 1.7 h-1 and pH of 5.9, and the breakthrough time of the Fe/γ-Al2O3 was more than 210 min with the effluent fluoride under 10 mg l-l and was about 5 times of the plain one. The samples were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images.

scholarly journals Eggshell-Derived Nanohydroxyapatite Adsorbent for Defluoridation of Drinking Water from Bofo of Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kifle Workeneh ◽  
Enyew Amare Zereffa ◽  
Toshome Abdo Segne ◽  
Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Eggshell Waste

Fluoride has become a notable toxicological environmental hazard worldwide because it is often found in groundwater. In the present study, hydroxyapatite adsorbent was synthesized from eggshell waste to remove fluoride from aqueous solution. XRD, FT-IR, and TGA techniques were used to characterize the prepared adsorbent. Batch adsorption studies were performed to examine the adsorption capacity of hydroxyapatite such as the effect of the initial pH of the solution, contact time, adsorbent dose, and initial fluoride concentration. The fluoride ion-selective electrode was used to determine the fluoride removal efficiency. 98.8% of fluoride was removed at pH 3.0, but at pH ~7.0, 85% of fluoride was removed; it shows that the fluoride adsorption is pH dependent. The adsorption isotherm studies (Langmuir and Freundlich models) and the experimental results for the removal of fluoride showed that the Langmuir model was more favorable and the reaction followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. In real water samples, the prepared hydroxyapatite derived from eggshell exhibited 81% removal efficiency. Our results indicate that eggshell waste-derived hydroxyapatite may be an alternative source for defluoridation in developing countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document