scholarly journals The professional nurse’s experience of the dying process of the terminal Aids patient

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Bester ◽  
Engela Du Plessis ◽  
Minrie Greeff
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Full Text ◽  
The World ◽  
Hiv Aids

The increase in HIV/AIDS raises international concern. Statistics indicate that South Africa has the fastest increasing HIV-infection rate in the world. Opsomming Die toename in MIV/VIGS wek internasionale kommer. Statistiek toon dat Suid-Afrika die snelstygendste MIVbesmettingskoers ter wêreld het. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

scholarly journals The social construction of HIV/AIDS

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Goldstein ◽  
H G Pretorius ◽  
A D Stuart
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Hiv Aids

An in-depth look is taken at the specific discourses surrounding the debilitating HIV/AIDS epidemic sweeping South Africa and the world. Opsomming Hierdie artikel poog om ‘n indiepte ondersoek te loods na die spesifieke diskoerse rondom die MIV/VIGS epidemie in Suid-Afrika en die wêreld. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

scholarly journals Online search trend reveals declining interest in AIDS-related searches relative to HIV-related searches in South Africa (v. 2 Under Peer Review)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Okunoye
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The World ◽  
Hiv Aids

The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a leading cause of mortality on the African continent and world. HIV and AIDS are among the greatest public health challenges confronting health authorities around the world. The greatest burden of HIV and AIDS is felt in sub-Saharan countries, with Nigeria and South Africa having the greatest incidence of the disease in the world. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, but with effective treatment and healthy living, HIV infection will not develop into AIDS. With increased awareness campaigns by national, regional and international health institutions, there has been an increased awareness on HIV and AIDS across the world. Using data from search query trends on HIV/AIDS submitted online on the most widely used search engine Google from 2004-2019, a decline in search interest for AIDS relative to HIV is revealed in South Africa. This trend mirrors progress on the ground in South Africa, with a decline in AIDS-related deaths and people living longer with the HIV virus. This observed trend might be an indicator that multilateral efforts at combating HIV/AIDS, particularly through awareness raising and behavioural interventions in South Africa is bearing fruit, not just on the ground, but also reflected in the online information seeking on the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

scholarly journals Aggregate Search Engine Query Trend Reveal Trade-off in Interest and Awareness on HIV/AIDS in Nigeria and South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Okunoye
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Web Searches ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The World ◽  
Hiv Aids

The Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus (AIDS), caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a leading cause of mortality on the African continent and world. HIV and AIDS are among the greatest public health challenges confronting health authorities around the world. The greatest burden of HIV and AIDS is felt in sub-Saharan countries, with Nigeria and South Africa having the greatest incidence of the disease in the world. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, but with effective treatment and healthy living, HIV infection will not develop into AIDS. With increased awareness campaigns by national, regional and international health institutions, there has been an increased awareness on HIV and AIDS across the world. Using data from web searches on HIV/AIDS submitted online on the most widely used search engine Google from 2004-2020, a trade-off pattern is seen in the web searches on HIV and AIDS in Nigeria and South Africa showing the decline in search interest for AIDS relative to HIV. This trend mirrors progress on the ground in both countries, with a decline in AIDS-related deaths and people living longer with the HIV virus. This observed trend might be an indicator that multilateral efforts at combating HIV/AIDS, particularly through awareness raising and behavioural interventions in these two most endemic countries are bearing fruit, not just on the ground, but also reflected in the online information seeking on the HIV/AIDS pandemic.

scholarly journals Manifesting the grace of God to those with HIV or AIDS

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnau Van Wyngaard
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
National Crisis ◽  
Mother Teresa ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
Reformed Church ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church

�The most terrible poverty is loneliness and feeling unloved� (Mother Teresa). Swaziland is in the unenviable position of having the highest HIV infection rate in the world, with an adult prevalence rate of 42%. This is a national crisis which, in the Swaziland context, has led to feelings of severe hopelessness and rejection and which needs to be addressed through a multidisciplinary approach. The church is in the unique position to demonstrate the love and grace of God in the midst of this pandemic. A small congregation of the Swaziland Reformed Church situated in the southern Shiselweni district of the country decided to take up this challenge. This article showed what the effects could be when the church becomes a vessel of love and grace within the community.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes about HIV infection and prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in an urban, low income community in Durban, South Africa: Perspectives of residents and health care volunteers

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firoza Haffejee ◽  
Katie A. Ports ◽  
Maghboeba Mosavel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
South African ◽  
Low Income ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Education ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
South African Women ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV prevalence is high among South African women of reproductive age and transmission of HIV from mothers to children is a concern. This study ascertained the level of knowledge about HIV infection and prevention, particularly prevention of mother toc hild transmission (PMTCT) amongst South African women from a low income community. It also established the challenges in delivering HIV education from the perspectives of health care volunteers.Method: Female residents (n = 67) from Kenneth Gardens, a low income community in Durban, South Africa were interviewed. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 health care volunteers who were either health care workers or residents who provided some form of social support in the community.Results: The majority of respondents indicated that a mother could transmit HIV to her child but were unable to specify how. Many women had general HIV/AIDS knowledge but were unable to identify essential prevention behaviours and were not very receptive to more information on HIV/AIDS. They were supportive of routine testing procedures and child bearing amongst HIV positive women. Health care volunteers indicated a need for a community clinic in the area.They also had limited knowledge of PMTCT and indicated that there was a need for more education on HIV, particularly to encourage the youth and men to use preventative measures.Conclusion: Innovative ways to impart knowledge particularly of PMTCT and updated standards of practice are essential. It is important that the community understands how transmission occurs so that prevention can follow.

Scientometrics of a pandemic: HIV/AIDS research in South Africa and the World

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthipi Pouris ◽  
Anastassios Pouris
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
The World ◽  
Aids Research ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Reviewing gender and cultural factors associated with HIV/AIDS among university students in the South African context

Curationis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Staden ◽  
G. Badenhorst
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
South African ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
African Students ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Hiv Aids

South Africa is in the midst of a catastrophic AIDS epidemic. HIV prevalence statistics in most countries indicate that up to 60% of all new infections occur among 15 to 24 year olds, whilst this group also boasts the highest incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Statistical findings among South African students predict a 10% increase in the HIV infection rate, highlighting the inability of universities to cope with societies’ demands for academically trained workers which, in the near future, will have a detrimental effect on the economy of South Africa. From the literature it is evident that HIV/AIDS is more than a health issue, it is an inter-sectoral challenge to any society. This paper explored the interplay of gender and cultural factors on South African students’ sexual behaviour by inter alia discussing the following factors that might put students at risk for HIV infection: male dominance vs. female submissiveness; age of first sexual encounter; gender-based violence; contraception; circumcision; financial status; myths and ‘othering’; demonstrating the need for effective strategies, policies and programmes to protect young people, especially females from sexual abuse/rape and its consequences, including HIV. The literature review revealed that South African students, despite adequate HIV/AIDS knowledge, demonstrated high rates of sexual practices that place them at risk for HIV infection, i.e. unprotected sex, multiple partners and ‘sugar-daddy practices’. The paper concludes with a discussion on recommendations for future HIV prevention/ intervention programmes, highlighting the fact that it acquires an inclusive approach. Such interventions should move beyond the individual level to be effective and target gender-based inequalities, human rights violations, including sexual violence and rape, as well as stigma and poverty reduction, both at community and tertiary educational level.

HIV, AIDS, and Drug Abuse in the International Sector

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
James A. Inciardi ◽  
Lana D. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Full Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
African Women ◽  
World Health ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
The World ◽  
Hiv Aids

AIDS has become the leading cause of death among people under age 45 in many major cities throughout the United States and Western Europe, and the projected mortality rate for those infected with HIV is virtually 100%. As of July 5, 1996, the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Programme on AIDS reported a cumulative 1,393,649 AIDS cases from 193 countries (WHO 1996). This represented a 19% increase in actual cases reported a year earlier. However, the WHO estimates that allowing for incomplete reporting and under-diagnosis, there were probably some 7.7 million cumulative AIDS cases by mid-1996. In terms of HIV, the WHO estimates that there has been a cumulative distribution of almost 30 million HIV-infected individuals as of mid-1996 (WHO 1996). The joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimated that some 20.1 million adults were living with HIV infection or AIDS at the close of 1995. By the year 2000, UNAIDS estimates project that 30 to 40 million people will have been infected with HIV worldwide (UNAIDS 1996). With more than 19 million HIV-infected adults, Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most affected region of the world (WHO 1996). The predominant mode of transmission since the beginning of the epidemic has been through heterosexual contact. The reuse of unsterilized hypodermic needles in transfusions and inoculations is also relatively common in many African nations. In a number of countries in that part of the world, furthermore, HIV infection has been spread through population movements due to situations of conflict or poverty (Decosas et al. 1995). The lower status of women in a number of African nations has also contributed to the rapid spread of the epidemic (UNAIDS 1996). HIV infections in African women outnumber men by a ratio of 6 to 5. More than 6 million women of childbearing age have been affected, and UNAIDS believes that as many as I million children may already have been infected either prior to or during birth, or during breast feeding (UNAIDS 1996). Another contributing factor has been the full range of sexually transmitted diseases, which increase the risk of HIV infection if left untreated (UNAIDS 1996).

scholarly journals Evaluation of hepatotoxicity in elderly with HIV/AIDS using isoniazid

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
Claudinei Alves Santana ◽  
Gustavo Alves Andrade dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Report ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: The aging of the population becomes notorious from the twentieth century reaching several countries of the world. Data from the 2019 Epidemiological Bulletin of the Ministry of Health report an increase in the incidence of AIDS among elderly males in the period 2008 to 2018 of 9.7% and a 5% reduction among women. The impairment of the immune system favors the emergence of diseases considered opportunistic and Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among individuals with AIDS. One of the measures to prevent TB/HIV co-infection in young and elderly adults, according to the World Health Organization, is treatment with the drug isoniazid, which aims to reduce the risk of illness from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and consequently the manifestation of TB. Regarding isoniazid, hepatotoxicity is a potentially serious adverse reaction that can even result in death. Objective: To evaluate the risk of hepatotoxicity to the use of isoniazid measured through laboratory test results through liver enzymes. METHOD: Descriptive and analytical retrospective cross-sectional study with elderly patients with HIV/AIDS using isoniazid in a specialized HIV/AIDS Service from 2008 to 2011. Laboratory results of hepatic transaminases (AST and ALT) and glutaryltranferase range from a secondary database at 3 specific moments (pre-treatment, concomitant treatment and post-treatment with isoniazid) and subjects’ characteristics (age, gender, time of HIV infection) were analyzed. The data were analyzed in statistical program SPSS 20. Result: We analyzed 12 subjects aged 60 years or older, 75% (9) men, mean age 63 years and 25% (3) women, mean age 68 years. The subjects had an average of 15 years of HIV infection. There was an increase of 20.9% in AST, and 11.5% in the Range Gutamiltransferase concomitant with the treatment in relation to the pre-treatment values. Conclusion: Laboratory results for the use of isoniazid showed a slight hepatotoxicity elevation without the need to discontinuation of preventive treatment with isoniazid, however, follow-up by a multidisciplinary and pharmaceutical team is necessary.

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