scholarly journals Die kulturele en praktiese waarde van inheemse kennis oor plantgebruike in die 21ste eeu

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben-Erik Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Practical Implications

Critics of ethnobotanical research may ask the question what the relevance is of documenting the indigenous knowledge of different cultural groups. This article focuses on the value and advantages of ethnobotanical research in the 21st century. The context is quantitative ethnobotanical surveys conducted in South Africa in recent years. For the discussion of the Matrix Method that was developed by Van Wyk and De Beer, reference is made to such surveys in the Hantam, Calvinia district in the Northern Cape, and the Kamiesberg in Namaqualand. The practical implications of ethnobotanical studies are discussed, specifically referring to legal aspects and issues of intellectual property rights. The affordances of ethnobotanical research are then considered, in (1) the development and commercialisation of products; (2) the empowerment of members of the community and the role of eco-tourism in socio-economic development, and (3) education. The cultural implications of ethnobotany is discussed next, such as found in (4) the arts, (5) music, (6) cuisine, (7) writing and poetry, (8) onomastics (the origin of place names – with the name ‘Hantam’ as specific example). Lastly, the focus is on a marginalised and often neglected aspect of ethnobotanical research, namely the magical uses of charm plants.

Consumer reactions to unsustainable luxury: a cross-country analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesare Amatulli ◽  
Matteo De Angelis ◽  
Giovanni Pino ◽  
Sheetal Jain
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Luxury Brands ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Reaction ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Luxury Products ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper investigates why and when messages regarding unsustainable luxury products lead to negative word-of-mouth (NWOM) through a focus on the role of guilt, need to warn others and consumers' cultural orientation.Design/methodology/approachThree experiments test whether messages describing unsustainable versus sustainable luxury manufacturing processes elicit guilt and a need to warn others and whether and how the need to warn others affects consumers' NWOM depending on their cultural orientation.FindingsConsumers experience guilt in response to messages emphasizing the unsustainable (vs sustainable) nature of luxury products. In turn, guilt triggers a need to warn other consumers, which leads to NWOM about the luxury company. Furthermore, the results suggest that two dimensions of Hofstede's model of national culture – namely individualism/collectivism and masculinity/femininity – moderate the effect of the need to warn others on NWOM.Practical implicationsLuxury managers should design appropriate strategies to cope with consumers' different reactions to information regarding luxury brands' unsustainability. Managers should be aware that the risk of NWOM diffusion may be higher in countries characterized by a collectivistic and feminine orientation rather than an individualistic and masculine orientation.Originality/valueConsumer reaction to unsustainable luxury, especially across different cultural groups, is a neglected area of investigation. This work contributes to this novel area of research by investigating NWOM stemming from unsustainable luxury manufacturing practices in different cultural contexts.

The role of share waqf in the socio-economic development of the Muslim community

Humanomics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhana Mohamad Suhaimi ◽  
Asmak Ab Rahman ◽  
Sabitha Marican
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Endowment Fund ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Research Show

Purpose – This study aimed to analyse the role of the Waqf Fund Scheme, by taking Penang (or Pulau Pinang) as one of the states in Malaysia as a sample of the study. Waqf Fund Scheme was established by the Islamic Religious Council of Penang, Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Pulau Pinang (MAINPP), in an effort to develop the economy of the Muslim community in the state. Design/methodology/approach – This study analysed the contribution that this endowment fund makes towards a comprehensive scheme of economic development, namely, in terms of the economic, spiritual and social welfare of the Muslim community in Penang. The primary source of data was obtained through interviews conducted by the researcher with the Manager of the Waqf Fund Scheme, the Head of Administration and Finance Section and the Account Executive of MAINPP. The researcher also interviewed respondents from four institutions that were beneficiaries of the Waqf Fund Scheme. Findings – The findings of this research show that the endowment fund scheme plays an important role in the economic development of the Muslim community in Penang. The Waqf Fund Scheme contributes by way of providing a financing facility towards the acquisition of waqf assets or through cash support channelled to associations or committees of a masjid. Research limitations/implications – This study only focuses on Waqf Fund Scheme which was established by MAINPP. Practical implications – This study is expected to contribute to the improvement of the Waqf Fund Scheme management. Originality/value – The paper is the first attempt to address the Waqf Fund Scheme contributions by MAINPP, particularly in Penang.

Instrumental red teaming of “terrorism”: attack-concept gaming to develop comprehension, anticipation and resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Charles Knight
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe a gaming approach to making key theoretical ideas accessible, understandable and useful for security practitioners confronting “terrorism” in the real world. Design/methodology/approach The tool is instrumental “red-team” matrix gaming: a structured way to first build and then wargame instrumental “terrorist” attack plans. The working assumption is that “terrorist” violence is designed with purpose, and that it reflects Fromkin’s understanding that terrorism is a form of jujitsu to manipulate more powerful opponents into politically and ideologically self-destructive behaviours. By designing and gaming attack plans with political objectives as the focus, practitioners quickly gain a deeper understanding of the processes of violent influence and the role of responders and decision makers. The paper is structured to, first, provide a theoretical explanation of contemporary conflict, focussing on the public support and how violence can be differently designed to political ends. On this foundation, the methods for learning are explained. A “playing-card” technique for setting students objectives in terms of psychological levers, vulnerabilities, political purposes and influence targets is described and options for participants generating scenarios outlined. Then the matrix-gaming approach, where play progresses according to the result of a dice roll applied to a probability based on the merit of participants’ competing arguments is explained with an example. Findings The described method of creating and wargaming terrorist attack plans offers a new and engaging method of exploring and understanding the processes of terrorism while preparing practitioners by potentially developing both their decision making and resilience. Practical implications The method described has potential value for teaching about terrorism by generally improving student engagement, preparing practitioners to respond to terrorism and wider application (of matrix gaming) to other topics. Originality/value This is a novel application of matrix gaming in a simplified format suited for classrooms.

Does co-production build on co-creation or does co-creation result in co-producing?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mervi Luonila ◽  
Annukka Jyrämä
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Implicit Assumption ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dominant Logic ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this conceptual paper is to deepen the theoretical understanding on value (co-)creation particularly in the context of arts.Design/methodology/approachThrough critical readings of the current theories on co-creation and co-production, we analyse literature relating to the network and service-dominant logic from the perspective of the arts field.FindingsIt is argued here that the context for value co-creation might be better analysed through network relationships, allowing a better identification of actors and their roles. We highlight the role of non-expert consumers through their co-creational experiences. In addition, we question the implicit assumption that the outcome of value co-creation is always progressive.Practical implicationsThe paper provides deeper understanding for art managers of the mechanisms of value (co-)creation.Social implicationsThe paper provides new knowledge of the variety of levels of relations in the value co-creation.Originality/valueThe novelty of the paper lies in the new conceptual framework that offers both a wider perspective for theory building of value (co)creation in the context of arts management and deeper understanding for art managers of the mechanisms of value (co-)creation.

Role of innovations in provision of competitiveness and innovational development of economy and overcoming of “underdevelopment whirlpools” in Russia and countries of Eastern Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Popkova ◽  
Zhanna Gornostaeva ◽  
Natalia Tregulova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Multiple Obstacles ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of innovations in provision of competitiveness and innovational development of economy and overcoming of “underdevelopment whirlpools” in Russia and countries of Eastern Europe with the help of a special proprietary methodology. Design/methodology/approach The authors substantiate the concept and methodology of calculation of “underdevelopment whirlpools”, perform the analysis of development of “underdevelopment whirlpools” in Russia and countries of Eastern Europe and evaluate the influence of “underdevelopment whirlpools” on competitiveness of these countries’ economy. Findings The authors determine the perspectives of overcoming the “underdevelopment whirlpools” in Russia and countries of Eastern Europe and increasing their competitiveness with the help of innovation and develops practical recommendations for creation of innovational economy for the purpose of provision of high competitiveness and overcoming of “underdevelopment whirlpools” in Russia and countries of Eastern Europe and overcoming of strong and growing differentiation of the level of socio-economic development of their sub-systems. Practical implications Creation of innovational economy in Russia and countries of Eastern Europe is hindered by multiple obstacles (socio-economic and institutional), the success of overcoming of which determines the realization of a certain scenario of development of events. Originality/value The main conclusion is that creation of innovational economy can and should become a new vector of economic growth in Russia and countries of Eastern Europe and overcoming of strong and growing differentiation of the level of socio-economic development of their sub-systems.

Extracellular matrix: the gatekeeper of tumor angiogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1543-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Mongiat ◽  
Simone Buraschi ◽  
Eva Andreuzzi ◽  
Thomas Neill ◽  
Renato V. Iozzo
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Tumor Angiogenesis ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Multiple Signaling

Abstract The extracellular matrix is a network of secreted macromolecules that provides a harmonious meshwork for the growth and homeostatic development of organisms. It conveys multiple signaling cascades affecting specific surface receptors that impact cell behavior. During cancer growth, this bioactive meshwork is remodeled and enriched in newly formed blood vessels, which provide nutrients and oxygen to the growing tumor cells. Remodeling of the tumor microenvironment leads to the formation of bioactive fragments that may have a distinct function from their parent molecules, and the balance among these factors directly influence cell viability and metastatic progression. Indeed, the matrix acts as a gatekeeper by regulating the access of cancer cells to nutrients. Here, we will critically evaluate the role of selected matrix constituents in regulating tumor angiogenesis and provide up-to-date information concerning their primary mechanisms of action.

Sociostructural Aspects of Socio-Economic Development:The role of Economic approach

2014 ◽  
pp. 86-105
Author(s):  
M. Shabanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Socio Economic Development

The author discusses the importance of studying socio-structural factors of socio-economic development through a broader application of the economic approach. The resources of status positions of economic agents are in the spotlight. A possible platform for interdisciplinary interactions is proposed which allows to increase the contribution of both economics and sociology in improving governance at all levels.

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