scholarly journals Mass transfer parameters in spray columns: 2. The system benzene-wash oil

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
A. J. Rautenbach ◽  
G. Kornelius
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Side Resistance ◽  
Transfer Parameters

Spray columns are widely used in industry as a gas-liquid contacting apparatus because of the advantages of a high transfer area per unit volume and the tow gas side resistance. For a large number of systems, mass transfer parameters are not available and an experimental determination for the system benzene/wash oil was therefore carried out. The experimental technique and design are described. The variation in mass transfer coefficient as function of gas flow rate, liquid flow rate and column height agrees with those published elsewhere.

scholarly journals TOTAL VOLUMETRIC MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT AT CO2 GAS ABSORPTION USING K2CO3 BY MSG PROMOTER

Konversi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Erlinda Ningsih ◽  
Abas Sato ◽  
Mochammad Alfan Nafiuddin ◽  
Wisnu Setyo Putranto
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Co2 Gas

Abstract- One of the most widely used processes for CO2 gas removal is Absorption. Carbon dioxide is the result of the fuel combustion process which of the hazardous gases. The aim of this research is to determine the total mass transfer coefficient and analyze the effect of the absorbent flow rate of the absorbent solution with the promoter and the gas flow rate to the total mass transfer coefficient value. The variables consisted of liquid flow rate: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 liter/min, gas flow rate: 15, 25, 30, 40, 50 liter/min and MSG concentration: 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% by weight. The solution of Pottasium Carbonate as absorbent with MSG promoter is flowed through top column and CO2 gas flowed from bottom packed column. Liquids were analyzed by titration and the gas output was analyzed by GC. From this research, it is found that the flow rate of gas and the liquid flow rate is directly proportional to the value of KGa. The liquid flow rate variable 5 liters / minute, gas flow rate 15 l / min obtained value of KGa 11,1102 at concentration of MSG 5%. Keywords:  Absorption, CO2,  K2CO3, MSG. 

Absorption and Mass Transfer of CO2 in Monoethanolamine Solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 859 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Pao Chi Chen ◽  
Sheng Zhong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Constant Ph ◽  
Gas Liquid Flow

This work uses a continuous bubble-column scrubber for the absorption of CO2 with a 5M MEA solution under a constant pH environment to explore the effect of the pH of the solution and gas-flow rate (Qg) on the removal efficiency (E), absorption rate (RA), overall mass-transfer coefficient (KGa), liquid flow rate (QL), gas-liquid flow ratio (γ), and scrubbing factors (φ). From the outlet CO2 concentration with a two-film model, E, RA, KGa, QL, γ, and φ can be simultaneously determined at the steady state. Depending on the operating conditions, the results show that E (80-97%), RA(2.91x10-4-10.0x10-4mol/s-L), KGa (0.09-0.48 1/s), QL(8.74-230.8mL/min), γ (0.19-5.39), and φ (0.031-0.74 mol/mol-L) are found to be comparable with other solvents. In addition, RA, KGa, E, and QL have been used to correlate with pH and Qg, respectively, with the results further explained.

scholarly journals Mass Transfer Performance of a String Film Reactor: A Bioreactor Design for Aerobic Methane Bioconversion

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Mariyana ◽  
Min-Sik Kim ◽  
Chae Lim ◽  
Tae Kim ◽  
Si Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Transfer Performance ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Bioreactor Design ◽  
Film Reactor

The mass transfer performance of a string film reactor (SFR)—a bioreactor design for the aerobic bioconversion of methane—was investigated. The results showed that the SFR could achieve high mass transfer performance of gases, and the highest values of the mass transfer coefficients for oxygen and methane were 877.1 h−1 and 408.0 h−1, respectively. There were similar mass transfer coefficients for oxygen and methane in absorption experiments using air, methane, and air–methane mixed gas under the same liquid flow rate conditions, implying that each gas is delivered into the liquid without mutual interaction. The mass transfer performance of the SFR was significantly influenced by the liquid flow rate and the hydrophilicity of the string material, whereas the magnitude of the gas flow rate effect on the mass transfer performance depended on both the tested liquid flow rate and the gas flow rate. Furthermore, the mass transfer performance of the SFR was compared with those of other types of bioreactors.

Predicting bed dynamics in three-phase, fluidized-bed biofilm reactors

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Chang ◽  
B. E. Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Proper Design

This paper presents a unified model that inter-relates gas flow rate, liquid flow rate, and hold-ups of each of the liquid, gas, and solid phases in three-phase, fluidized-bed biofilm (TPFBB) process. It describes how carrier properties, biofilm properties, and gas and liquid flow velocities control the system dynamics, which ultimately will affect the density, thickness, and distribution of the biofilm. The paper describes the development of the mathematical model to correlate the effects of gas flow rate, liquid flow rate, solid concentration, and biofilm thickness and density. This knowledge is critically needed in light of the use of TPFBB processes in treating industrial wastewater, which often has high substrate concentration. For example, the proper design of the TPFBB process requires mathematical description of the cause-effect relationship between biofilm growth and fluidization.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Flow Parameters in CO2 Capturing Using Aqueous MEA Absorbent in HFMC Systems

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Co2 Capturing

Nowadays, CO2 as the product of fossil fuel combustions, is polluting the air and the human environment, and it causes global warming. To reduce the negative effect of CO2 presence, it should be removed from the air by capturing methods. Hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) system is one of the most efficient method for CO2 capturing than the other feasible capturing methods. In the present paper an HFMC absorbing system has been simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software and the effect of flow rates of gas and liquid on the amount of CO2 removal has been studied. Aqueous solution of Mono-ethanolamine (MEA) is entered as the absorbent liquid in the tubes, and CO2 is removed from the shell side by the diffusion phenomena by participating in the chemical reaction with MEA. The results show that the higher liquid flow rate the higher %CO2 removal from the inserted gas. Against this result, the percentage of CO2 removal decreases with increasing the gas flow rate as expected. Higher gas flow rate leads the gas velocity to higher values and less possibility of absorbing by the diffusion method. The rate of the CO2 removal variation with liquid flow rate is higher than the CO2 removal variation whit the gas flow rate.

scholarly journals KLa Determination Using the Effectiveness-NTU Method: Application to Countercurrent Absorbers in Operation Using Viscous Solvents for VOCs Mass Transfer

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Éric Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Heat Exchanger Design ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Overall Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Viscous Solvents

In this study, the Effectiveness-NTU method, which is usually applied to heat exchanger design, was adapted to gas–liquid countercurrent absorbers to determine the overall mass transfer coefficient, KLa, of the apparatus in operation. It was demonstrated that the ε-NTU method could be used to determine the KLa using the Henry coefficient of the solute to be transferred (HVOC), the gas flow-rate (QG), the liquid flow-rate (QL), the scrubber volume (V), and the effectiveness of the absorber (ε). These measures are calculated from the gaseous concentrations of the solute measured at the absorber inlet (CGin) and outlet (CGout), respectively. The ε-NTU method was validated from literature dedicated to the absorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by heavy solvents. Therefore, this method could be a simple, robust, and reliable tool for the KLa determination of gas–liquid contactors in operation, despite the type of liquid used, i.e., water or viscous solvents.

scholarly journals Mass transfer parameters in spray columns

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
A. J. Rautenbach ◽  
G. Kornelius
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Photographic Technique ◽  
Transfer Parameters

To determine mass transfer parameters in spray columns the spray characteristics are required. A photographic technique that allows determination of these characteristics of wash oil sprayed through solid nozzles is described. Special precautions had to be taken because wash oil rendered the column walls opaque. Results are given for a specific nozzle as function of liquid and countercurrent gas flow rate.

Absorption of Carbon Dioxide into Aqueous Ammonia Solution using Blended Promoters (MEA, MEA+PZ, PZ+ArgK, MEA+ArgK)

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9A) ◽  
pp. 1359-1372
Author(s):  
Farah T. Al-Sudani
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Co2 Partial Pressure

Absorption of CO2 into promoted-NH3 solution utilize a packed column (1.25 m long, 0.05m inside diameter) was examined in the present work. The process performance of four different blended promoters monoethanolamine (MEA)+ piperazine (PZ), piperazine (PZ)+ potassium argininate (ArgK) and monoethanolamine +potassium argininate was compared with unpromoted-NH3 solution by evaluated the absorption rate (φ_(CO_2 )) and overall mass transfer coefficient  (K_(G,CO_2.) a_v)  over the operating ranges of the studied process variables (1-15Kpa initial partial pressure of CO2, 5-15 Liter/min gas flow rate, 0.25-0.85 Liter/min liquid flow rate). The results exhibit that the absorption behavior and efficiency can be enhanced by rising volumetric liquid flow rate and initial CO2 partial pressure. However, the gas flow rate should be kept at a suitable value on the controlling gas film. Furthermore, it has been observed that the (PZ+ArgK) promoter was the major species that can accelerate the absorption rate and reached almost 66.166% up to123.23% over that of the unpromoted-NH3 solution.

scholarly journals Development and Optimization of an Airborne Formaldehyde Microfluidic Analytical Device Based on Passive Uptake through a Microporous Tube

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaïs Becker ◽  
Christina Andrikopoulou ◽  
Pierre Bernhardt ◽  
Ruben Ocampo-Torres ◽  
Claire Trocquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Formaldehyde Concentration ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Gaseous Formaldehyde ◽  
Analytical Device

This paper describes a compact microfluidic analytical device developed for the detection of low airborne formaldehyde concentrations. This microdevice was based on a three-step analysis, i.e., the passive gaseous formaldehyde uptake using a microporous membrane into an acetylacetone solution, the derivatization with acetylacetone to form 3,5-diacetyl-1,4-dihydrolutidine, and the quantification of the latter using fluorescence detection. For a rapid and easier implementation, a cylindrical geometry of the microporous element was considered to perform laboratory-controlled experiments with known formaldehyde concentrations and to establish the proof of concept. This work reports the evaluation of the uptake performance according to the microporous tube length, the liquid flow rate inside the tube, the gas flow rate outside the tube, and the gaseous formaldehyde concentration. A 10.0 cm microporous tube combined with a gas flow rate of 250 NmL/min (normal milliliters per minute) and a liquid flow rate of 17 µL/min were found to be the optimized conditions. In these experimental conditions, the fluorescence signal increased linearly with the gaseous formaldehyde concentration in the range 0–118 µg/m3, with the detection limit being estimated as 0.13 µg/m3 when considering a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.

Increasing the Productivity of Gas Wells in Conditions of High Water Factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Matkivskyi ◽  
Liliia Khaidarova
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
High Water ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Gas Lift

The overwhelming majority of natural gas fields are at the final stage of development, which, along with other features, is characterized by selective watering of productive deposits and production wells. The difficulty of extracting residual gas reserves under such development conditions is associated with depletion of productive reservoirs, accumulation of fluid at the bottom of wells, corrosion of downhole equipment and the inability to reduce wellhead pressures due to restrictions on the supply and preparation of hydrocarbon products with the existing surface infrastructure. Production wells in conditions of formation water inflow into productive deposits are decommissioned after relatively small gas withdrawals. This is due both to the insufficient implementation of methods for intensifying the removal of fluid from the bottom of the wells, and to the peculiarities of the arrangement of fields, which are usually not designed for the collection and preparation of hydrocarbon products with a high liquid content. In order to remove the gas-liquid mixture from the bottom of the wells, many techniques and inventions have been developed that are widely used in production. The developed technologies are characterized by different efficiency and have a number of technological limitations, mainly due to the peculiarities of the geological structure of hydrocarbon deposits. Considering the above, there is a need for additional research in order to improve the existing and develop new technologies for the operation of water cut wells. Using the special software package, studies were carried out to optimize the operating conditions for a water cut well under conditions of active formation water inflow into gas-saturated horizons. The study was carried out for various depths of gas-lift valves (3500 m; 3000 m; 2500 m; 2000 m; 1500 m; 1000 m) and liquid flow rates (22.5 m3/day; 33.75 m3/day and 45 m3/day). Based on the research results, graphical dependences of gas flow rates and bottomhole pressure on the amount of gas-lift gas were built; the maximum gas flow rate and the required amount of gas-lift gas from the liquid flow rate; maximum gas flow rate versus liquid flow rate at different depths of gas-lift valve installation. Based on the results of statistical processing of the calculated data for each value of the liquid flow rate, the optimal value of the depth of the gas-lift valve was established. According to the results of the studies performed, to ensure the stable operation of high-water cut gas wells, it is effective to locate the gas-lift valve at a distance of 55-58 % from the wellhead of the tubing (2033-2137 m).

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