scholarly journals Postoperative analgesic efficacy of single high dose and low dose rectal acetaminophen in pediatric ophthalmic surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranju Gandhi ◽  
Rani Sunder
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Single High Dose

scholarly journals Advantages of Repeated Low Dose against Single High Dose of Kainate in C57BL/6J Mouse Model of Status Epilepticus: Behavioral and Electroencephalographic Studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e96622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Tse ◽  
Sreekanth Puttachary ◽  
Edward Beamer ◽  
Graeme J. Sills ◽  
Thimmasettappa Thippeswamy
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Single High Dose

scholarly journals Analgesic Efficacy of a Combination of Fentanyl and a Japanese Herbal Medicine “Yokukansan” in Rats with Acute Inflammatory Pain

Medicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Yuko Akanuma ◽  
Mami Kato ◽  
Yasunori Takayama ◽  
Hideshi Ikemoto ◽  
Naoki Adachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Pain ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Opioid Tolerance ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Erk Pathway ◽  
Single High Dose ◽  
Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Combined Use

Background: Fentanyl can induce acute opioid tolerance and postoperative hyperalgesia when administered at a single high dose; thus, this study examined the analgesic efficacy of a combination of fentanyl and Yokukansan (YKS). Methods: Rats were divided into control, formalin-injected (FOR), YKS-treated+FOR (YKS), fentanyl-treated+FOR (FEN), and YKS+FEN+FOR (YKS+FEN) groups. Acute pain was induced via subcutaneous injection of formalin into the paw. The time engaged in pain-related behavior was measured. Results: In the early (0–10 min) and intermediate (10–20 min) phases, pain-related behavior in the YKS+FEN group was significantly inhibited compared with the FOR group. In the late phase (20–60 min), pain-related behavior in the FEN group was the longest and significantly increased compared with the YKS group. We explored the influence on the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in the spinal cord, and YKS suppressed the phosphorylated ERK expression, which may be related to the analgesic effect of YKS in the late phase. Conclusions: These findings suggest that YKS could reduce the use of fentanyl and combined use of YKS and fentanyl is considered clinically useful.

Multiple low-dose and single high-dose treatments with streptozotocin do not generate nitric oxide

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianpaolo Papaccio ◽  
Francesco Aurelio Pisanti ◽  
Michael V.G. Latronico ◽  
Eduardo Ammendola ◽  
Michela Galdieri
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Single High Dose

scholarly journals The effects of single high dose vs daily low dose oral cholecalciferol treatment on vitamin D levels and muscle strenght in posmenapousal women

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Apaydin ◽  
Asli Gencay Can ◽  
Seyfullah Kan ◽  
Selvihan Beysel ◽  
Taner Demirci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Single High Dose ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Dose Oral

scholarly journals The Optimal Condition of Poly(I: C)-Induced Knockout of Cre Recombinase for Mx1-Cre/ Cre-loxP Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijie Yang ◽  
Haobiao Wang ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Feifei Xiao ◽  
Mei Kuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
High Dose ◽  
P System ◽  
Single High Dose ◽  
Pure Poly

Abstract BackgroundThe Cre-loxP system is widely applied for conditional knockout mice, commonly used to study the function of specific genes. Although some different promoters drive Cre expression, the poly(I: C)-inducible Mx1-Cre is the most commonly used to delete the target gene in experimental hematology. However, the optimal induction knockout condition for Mx1-Cre/ Cre-loxP mice using the Poly(I:C)-inducible Cre-loxP conditional system remains unclear. Here, we present two different components and three injection protocols of poly(I: C) to find the optimized condition. ResultsThe results showed that the better knockout efficiency of Cre-loxP in mice injected with pure poly(I: C) has than those injected with poly(I: C) with some components. From the perspective of lethal genes (Brg1), data showed that mice injected with a single high dose (500 µg) of pure Poly (I:C) had a lower knockout rate. For mice injected media-dose (10µg/g) poly(I: C) triple, which induced a high knockout rate, but the mortality rate was still high. Importantly, the mice injected low-dose (6µg/g) poly(I: C) triple, both the knockout rate and survival rate of mice was high. Similarly, the knockout rate of non-lethal mice injected with media-dose (10µg/g) or low-dose (6μg/g) poly(I: C) triple was very high, but injected with a single high dose (500 µg) of pure poly(I: C) had a low knockout rate. ConclusionOur studies provided the optimized condition for using poly(I: C)-inducible effective knockout and maintaining the survival rate for the Cre-loxP mice, which might be applied in other knockout mice for this system to ensure both the gene knockout and the mice survival.

scholarly journals Repeated Low-Dose Influenza Virus Infection Causes Severe Disease in Mice: a Model for Vaccine Evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (15) ◽  
pp. 7841-7851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufeng Song ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Xinying Tang ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Single High Dose ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Cell Responses

ABSTRACTInfluenza infection causes severe disease and death in humans. In traditional vaccine research and development, a single high-dose virus challenge of animals is used to evaluate vaccine efficacy. This type of challenge model may have limitations. In the present study, we developed a novel challenge model by infecting mice repeatedly in short intervals with low doses of influenza A virus. Our results show that compared to a single high-dose infection, mice that received repeated low-dose challenges showed earlier morbidity and mortality and more severe disease. They developed higher vial loads, more severe lung pathology, and greater inflammatory responses and generated only limited influenza A virus-specific B and T cell responses. A commercial trivalent influenza vaccine protected mice against a single high and lethal dose of influenza A virus but was ineffective against repeated low-dose virus challenges. Overall, our data show that the repeated low-dose influenza A virus infection mouse model is more stringent and may thus be more suitable to select for highly efficacious influenza vaccines.IMPORTANCEInfluenza epidemics and pandemics pose serious threats to public health. Animal models are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of influenza vaccines. Traditional models based on a single high-dose virus challenge may have limitations. Here, we describe a new mouse model based on repeated low-dose influenza A virus challenges given within a short period. Repeated low-dose challenges caused more severe disease in mice, associated with higher viral loads and increased lung inflammation and reduced influenza A virus-specific B and T cell responses. A commercial influenza vaccine that was shown to protect mice from high-dose challenge was ineffective against repeated low-dose challenges. Overall, our results show that the low-dose repeated-challenge model is more stringent and may therefore be better suited for preclinical vaccine efficacy studies.

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