Effects of aqueous leaf extract of Chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) on pituitary-gonadal axis hormones of male Wistar rats

Background and Purpose: Simarouba glauca is widely reported to contain a number of biologically active compounds with potentials in the treatment of numerous diseases. The study was conducted to evaluate the sub-acute effects of the aqueous leaf extract of Simarouba glauca (AESG) on lipoproteins and oxidative stress biomarkers in male Wistar rats. Methods: Oral administration of AESG was carried out in line with the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), No. 425 using a total of 24 male Wistar rats allotted to four groups (n=6); given distilled water, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day of AESG respectively for 30 days. Results: In plasma, there was a significant reduction (P?0.05) in HDL-cholesterol; elevated (P?0.05) triglycerides (TG) at 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day; elevated (P?0.05), and LDL-cholesterol at 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, relative to the control. While the level of liver total cholesterol (TC) reduced significantly, it increased in the heart. Catalase (CAT) activity in the liver increased significantly (P?0.05) at all doses. The dose of 1000 mg/kg/day significantly (P?0.05) elevated kidney CAT activity. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver and heart reduced (P?0.05) at 500 mg/kg/day. At all doses, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma, liver and heart were comparable with the control. Although, there were no significant changes in plasma and liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity at all doses, animals given 500 mg/kg had reduction (P?0.05) in the heart GSH-PX activity compared to the control. Conclusion: Oral sub-acute AESG at high doses altered lipid homeostasis in plasma and heart without lipid peroxidation or oxidative stress. The extract has the potential to cause hyperlipidemia.

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Hepato-Renal Activities of Hydro-Methanol Leaf Extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius in Adult Male Wistar Rats

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v11i4.4870 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 5-9

Author(s):

Ijeoma Ezebuiro ◽

Avweresuoghene Ododo ◽

Uchechukwu Ifeanyichukwu Apugo

Keyword(s):

Adult Male ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Negative Control ◽

Protective Agent ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius ◽

Group I ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Liver And Kidney

Introduction: Medicinal plants such as Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (CA) have been studied over the years for their protective and curative potentials against a myriad of common global health challenges such as hepatorenal injuries. Objectives: To ascertaining the effects of the hydromethanol leaf extract of CA (HMLECA) on hepato-renal parameters in adult male wistar rats. Method: A total of 18 adult male wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of six rats each. Group I served as the negative control which received distilled water while groups 2 and 3 served as extract treatment groups which received 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of the HMLECA respectively. The administration was daily for a period of 58 days while blood sample for the biochemical analysis was drawn via cardiac puncture at the end of the study following light chloroform anaesthesia. Results and Discussion: The results showed that the administration of both doses of the extract produced no significant (P<0.05) effect on the levels of serum liver enzyme (AST, ALT, ALP), TP, ALB, electrolytes (K+, Na+ and HCO3–), Creatinine and Urea while that of the 400 mg/kg BW produced significant (P<0.05) decrease in the level of TB and Cl –. Hence, the administration of the leaf extract in this study did not elicit any toxic effect on both the liver and kidney functions and could be effective as hepato-renal protective agent. Keywords: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, Liver function, Liver enzymes, Renal function, Serum biochemicals, Serum electrolytes

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Hyponatremic Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Acalypha wilkesiana in Male Wistar Rats

European Journal of Medicinal Plants ◽

10.9734/ejmp/2012/1057 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 348-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. Iniaghe

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽

Acalypha Wilkesiana

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Effects of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on Some Hematological Parameters of Male Wistar Rats

Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology ◽

10.9734/ajb2t/2020/v6i330080 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Ijeoma Ezebuiro ◽

Chibuike Obiandu ◽

Friday Saronee ◽

Ikechukwu I. Weleh ◽

Adesua C. Obiandu

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Blood Cell Count ◽

Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Red Blood Cell Count

Introduction: Medicinal plants have become increasingly useful as a form of alternative therapy. Cnidoscolus aconitifolius is a medicinal plant applied in folklore remedies in the treatment and prevention of various diseases. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the effects of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius on some hematological parameters of male Wistar rats. Methodology: A total of 15 male Wistar rats weighing between 100-250 g were randomly placed in groups. Group 1 served as control and received distilled water only; group 2 received 200 mg/kg and group 3 received 400 mg/kg of the hydromethanolic leaf extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius. Extract was administered once daily using oro-gastric cannula for 30 days. Blood samples were collected by direct cardiac puncture into appropriate sample tubes for estimation of hematological parameters including red blood cell count (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count. Results: Results showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in RBC, PCV, Hb and platelet count with the higher dose of 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract compared to control group. However, the WBC count was not significantly (P>0.05) altered. Conclusion: Oral administration of the leaf extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius increases red blood cell count, packed cell volume, hemoglobin level and platelet count at 400 mg/kg body weight.

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Ameliorative Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Moringa oleifera on Reproductive Function Following Cadmium Chloride Induced Oxidative Stress in Male Wistar Rats

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb11410485 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 352-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Avwerosuoghene ODODO ◽

Sunday O. OJEKA ◽

Victor D. DAPPER

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Reproductive Function ◽

Testicular Tissue ◽

Cellular Damage ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

Cadmium disrupts the blood-testes barrier, interferes with various antioxidant levels thus enhancing lipid peroxidation and ultimately leading to apoptosis and necrosis of testicular tissue. Moringa oleifera is a medicinal plant and a rich source of essential phytochemicals possessing antioxidant properties. The effect of aqueous leaf extract of M. oleifera on reproductive function following cadmium chloride induced oxidative stress in male Wistar rats was investigated. Forty adult male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups of eight rats each. Treatment was administered orally daily as follows: Group 1 (control): animal feed and tap water ad libitum; Group 2: 5 mg kg-1 cadmium chloride for 21 days; Group 3: 500 mg kg-1 of M. oleifera and 5 mg kg-1 of cadmium chloride for 21 days; Group 4: 5 mg kg-1 cadmium chloride for 21 days followed by 500 mg kg-1 M. oleifera for the next 35 days; Group 5: 5 mg kg-1 cadmium chloride for 21 days followed by 750 mg kg-1 M. oleifera for the next 35 days. At the end of treatment, blood was obtained by direct cardiac puncture for fertility hormone assay and testicular tissue specimens were harvested for semen analysis and determination of antioxidant levels. Results obtained indicated that rats treated with the various extracts had significantly increased superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and catalase levels, increased serum concentrations of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone and increased percentage of viable and normal spermatozoa compared to control and only cadmium chloride treated rats (p < 0.05). The results obtained suggest that treatments with M. oleifera extract could ameliorate possible cellular damage caused by administration of cadmium chloride.

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