Prevalence and Genetic Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus Species: A Multicentre Report of the Indian Council of Medical Research Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) should be tackled through a One Health approach, as stated in the World Health Organization Global Action Plan on AMR. We describe the landscape of AMR surveillance in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) and underline a gap regarding veterinary medicine. Current AMR surveillance efforts are of limited help to veterinary practitioners and policymakers seeking to improve antimicrobial stewardship in animal health. We propose to establish the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet) to report on the AMR situation, follow AMR trends and detect emerging AMR in selected bacterial pathogens of animals. This information could be useful to advise policymakers, explore efficacy of interventions, support antimicrobial stewardship initiatives, (re-)evaluate marketing authorisations of antimicrobials, generate epidemiological cut-off values, assess risk of zoonotic AMR transmission and evaluate the burden of AMR in animal health. EARS-Vet could be integrated with other AMR monitoring systems in the animal and medical sectors to ensure a One Health approach. Herein, we present a strategy to establish EARS-Vet as a network of national surveillance systems and highlight challenges of data harmonisation and bias. Strong political commitment at national and EU/EEA levels is required for the success of EARS-Vet.

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ACORN (A Clinically-Oriented Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network): a pilot protocol for case based antimicrobial resistance surveillance

Wellcome Open Research ◽

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15681.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Paul Turner ◽

Elizabeth A. Ashley ◽

Olivier J. Celhay ◽

Anousone Douangnouvong ◽

Raph L. Hamers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Treatment Guidelines ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Added Value ◽

Pilot Phase ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance ◽

The Impact

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) / drug resistant infections (DRIs) are a major global health priority. Surveillance data is critical to inform infection treatment guidelines, monitor trends, and to assess interventions. However, most existing AMR / DRI surveillance systems are passive and pathogen-based with many potential biases. Addition of clinical and patient outcome data would provide considerable added value to pathogen-based surveillance. Methods: The aim of the ACORN project is to develop an efficient clinically-oriented AMR surveillance system, implemented alongside routine clinical care in hospitals in low- and middle-income country settings. In an initial pilot phase, clinical and microbiology data will be collected from patients presenting with clinically suspected meningitis, pneumonia, or sepsis. Community-acquired infections will be identified by daily review of new admissions, and hospital-acquired infections will be enrolled during weekly point prevalence surveys, on surveillance wards. Clinical variables will be collected at enrolment, hospital discharge, and at day 28 post-enrolment using an electronic questionnaire on a mobile device. These data will be merged with laboratory data onsite using a flexible automated computer script. Specific target pathogens will be Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii. A bespoke browser-based app will provide sites with fully interactive data visualisation, analysis, and reporting tools. Discussion: ACORN will generate data on the burden of DRI which can be used to inform local treatment guidelines / national policy and serve as indicators to measure the impact of interventions. Following development, testing and iteration of the surveillance tools during an initial six-month pilot phase, a wider rollout is planned.

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ACORN (A Clinically-Oriented Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network): a pilot protocol for case based antimicrobial resistance surveillance

Wellcome Open Research ◽

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15681.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Paul Turner ◽

Elizabeth A. Ashley ◽

Olivier J. Celhay ◽

Anousone Douangnouvong ◽

Raph L. Hamers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Treatment Guidelines ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Added Value ◽

Pilot Phase ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance ◽

The Impact

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) / drug resistant infections (DRIs) are a major global health priority. Surveillance data is critical to inform infection treatment guidelines, monitor trends, and to assess interventions. However, most existing AMR / DRI surveillance systems are passive and pathogen-based with many potential biases. Addition of clinical and patient outcome data would provide considerable added value to pathogen-based surveillance. Methods: The aim of the ACORN project is to develop an efficient clinically-oriented AMR surveillance system, implemented alongside routine clinical care in hospitals in low- and middle-income country settings. In an initial pilot phase, clinical and microbiology data will be collected from patients presenting with clinically suspected meningitis, pneumonia, or sepsis. Community-acquired infections will be identified by daily review of new admissions, and hospital-acquired infections will be enrolled during weekly point prevalence surveys, on surveillance wards. Clinical variables will be collected at enrolment, hospital discharge, and at day 28 post-enrolment using an electronic questionnaire on a mobile device. These data will be merged with laboratory data onsite using a flexible automated computer script. Specific target pathogens will be Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii. A bespoke browser-based app will provide sites with fully interactive data visualisation, analysis, and reporting tools. Discussion: ACORN will generate data on the burden of DRI which can be used to inform local treatment guidelines / national policy and serve as indicators to measure the impact of interventions. Following development, testing and iteration of the surveillance tools during an initial six-month pilot phase, a wider rollout is planned.

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Infektionen durch multiresistente Gram-negative Erreger

Der Klinikarzt ◽

10.1055/a-0632-1423 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (06) ◽

pp. 252-258

Author(s):

Alexander Mischnik

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance ◽

Resistente Erreger

ZusammenfassungDie Ausbreitung von resistenten Gram-negativen Erregern weltweit ist besorgniserregend. Von besonderem Interesse ist die Verbreitung von Resistenzen gegen Beta-Laktam-Antibiotika, die in vielen Fällen Mittel der Wahl zur Therapie sind. Im European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) wird die Resistenzentwicklung bei schweren Infektionskrankheiten in Europa regelmäßig überwacht. In Deutschland können Isolate zur Abklärung und/oder Bestätigung von Carbapenemasen an das Nationale Referenzzentrum (NRZ) für Gram-negative Krankenhauserreger an der Uniklinik Bochum eingeschickt werden.Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden die aktuell publizierten Daten für Europa ausgewertet und dargestellt sowie mit den aktuell verfügbaren Daten aus Deutschland verglichen. Im zweiten Teil werden Therapieoptionen von Infektionen durch resistente Erreger dargestellt.

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Characterisation of Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonellae during 2014–2015 from Four Centres Across India: An ICMR Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network Report

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_16_382 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 61-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sushila Dahiya ◽

Priyanka Sharma ◽

Bhavana Kumari ◽

Sangeeta Pandey ◽

Rooma Malik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance

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Widespread implementation of EUCAST breakpoints for antibacterial susceptibility testing in Europe

Eurosurveillance ◽

10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.2.21008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

D Brown ◽

R Cantón ◽

L Dubreuil ◽

S Gatermann ◽

C Giske ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

External Quality Assessment ◽

Rapid Change ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

External Quality ◽

Surveillance Network ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance

The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) was established to harmonise clinical antimicrobial breakpoints and to define breakpoints for new agents in Europe. Data from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) external quality assessment (EQA) exercises from 2009 to 2012, from the United Kingdom External Quality Assessment Scheme (UK NEQAS) from November 2009 to March 2013 and data collected by EUCAST through a questionnaire in the first quarter of 2013 were analysed to investigate implementation of EUCAST guidelines in Europe. A rapid change to use of EUCAST breakpoints was observed over time. Figures for implementation of EUCAST breakpoints at the end of the studied period were 61.2% from EARS-Net data and 73.2% from UK NEQAS data. Responses to the EUCAST questionnaire indicated that EUCAST breakpoints were used by?over?50% of laboratories in 18 countries, by 10 to 50% of laboratories in eight countries and by?less than?10% in seven countries. The EUCAST disk diffusion method was used by more than 50% of laboratories in 12 countries, by 10 to 50% of laboratories in ten countries and by?less than?10% in eleven countries. EUCAST guidelines implementation is essential to ensure consistent clinical reporting of antimicrobial susceptibility results and antimicrobial resistance surveillance.

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