A proposal for the cutoff point of waist circumference values predictive of increased risk of type 2 diabetes and hypertension in arab adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
NajiJ Aljohani ◽  
MohamadMaswood Ahmad ◽  
Ashwaq Alfaqeeh ◽  
Ahmed Bahnassi ◽  
Nasser Alhamdan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors Among Saharawi Refugees (P10-071-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Henjum ◽  
Victoria Telle Hjellset ◽  
Marte Karoline Raberg Kjollesdal ◽  
Merethe Flaaten ◽  
Eivind Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives Economic development, globalization and urbanization has resulted in a shift in dietary consumption and energy expenditure in low- and middle-income countries, called the Nutrition Transition. At the same time, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated co-morbidities are rising worldwide. The Saharawi refugees have been living in refugee camps in the Algerian desert since 1975 and are totally dependent on food aid. High prevalence of overweight and obesity has been reported among Saharawi women. Limited knowledge about the prevalence of T2D and associated risk factors exists in this population; therefore, the aim with this study was to address this gap in the literature. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in five Saharawi refugee camps, in Algeria and 180 women and 175 men were randomly selected. Participants’ blood glucose levels was assessed by HbA1c measurements and diagnosed with diabetes if HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol and prediabetes if HbA1c was between 42–47 mmol/mol. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISK) was used to assess various risk factors for T2D. Results Mean HbA1c among the Saharawi refugees was 38 mmol/mol. Seven and 15% were diagnosed with T2D and prediabetes, respectively, and 26% and 19% were overweight and obese, respectively. According to FINDRISK, 9% of the participants had high risk of developing diabetes, 10% had moderate risk, 37% had some risk and 44% had low risk. In multiple logistic regression models, after controlling for age, gender, number of children, BMI and education, the strongest predictor for diabetes was waist circumference, OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1). The strongest predictor for prediabetes was age and waist circumference OR (95% CI): 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) and OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1), respectively. Conclusions We found moderate prevalence of diabetes among the Saharawi refugees; however a high proportion had prediabetes and were suffering from overweight and obesity. In light of this, the rates of T2D are likely to increase dramatically in the near future. The Saharawi health authorities should pay attention to the increased risk of diabetes in this in this vulnerable population. Funding Sources Oslo Metropolitan University.

scholarly journals Low testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels and high estradiol levels are independent predictors of type 2 diabetes in men

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torkel Vikan ◽  
Henrik Schirmer ◽  
Inger Njølstad ◽  
Johan Svartberg
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
The Third ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveTo study the impact of endogenous sex hormone levels in community-dwelling men on later risk for type 2 diabetes.DesignPopulation-based prospective cohort study.MethodsFor the analyses, 1454 men who participated in the fourth Tromsø study (1994–1995) were used. Cases of diabetes were retrieved and validated until 31.12.05 following a detailed protocol. The prospective association between sex hormones and diabetes was examined using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, allowing for multivariate adjustments.ResultsThere was a significantly lowered multi-adjusted risk for later diabetes with higher normal total testosterone levels, both linearly per s.d. increase (hazard ratio (HR) 0.71, confidence interval (CI) 0.54–0.92) and in the higher quartiles of total testosterone than in the lowest quartiles (HR 0.53, CI 0.33–0.84). A reduced multi-adjusted risk for incident diabetes was also found for men with higher sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, both linearly per s.d. increase (HR 0.55, CI 0.39–0.79) and when comparing the third (HR 0.38, CI 0.18–0.81) and the fourth quartile (HR 0.37, CI 0.17–0.82) to the lowest quartile. The associations with total testosterone and SHBG were no longer significant after inclusion of waist circumference to the multivariate models. Estradiol (E2) was positively associated with incident diabetes after multivariate adjustments including waist circumference when comparing the second (HR 0.49, CI 0.26–0.93) and the third (HR 0.51, CI 0.27–0.96) quartile to the highest quartile.ConclusionMen with higher E2 levels had an increased risk of later diabetes independent of obesity, while men with lower total testosterone and SHBG had an increased risk of diabetes that appeared to be dependent on obesity.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Acceptability of a Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Intervention for Mothers and Children at a Federally Qualified Healthcare Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110576
Author(s):  
Melanie Hingle ◽  
Robert Blew ◽  
Kyla James ◽  
Joy Mockbee ◽  
Kelly N.B. Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Prevention Intervention ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mothers And Children

Background: Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) contribute to increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among both mothers and their offspring. Randomized trials demonstrated T2DM risk reduction in adults following lifestyle behavior change and modest weight loss; the evidence base for at-risk children remains limited. Purpose: Evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a T2DM prevention intervention for mother-child dyads delivered by Federally Qualified Health Center staff. Methods: A group randomized design tested the effects of a behavioral lifestyle intervention on T2DM risk factors in women with a history of GDM and their 8- to 12-year-old children. Mother-child dyads were recruited and randomized to intervention or wait-listed control conditions. Intervention participants completed the 13-week intervention; control participants received standard of care. Baseline and 13-week measures assessed program acceptability and feasibility, and explored effects on body weight, waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, and lifestyle behaviors. Results: Forty-two dyads were randomized and 35 (83%) completed pre-/post-measurements. Participants and program leaders positively rated content and engagement. Nearly all strongly agreed that activities were enjoyable (97%), applicable (96%), useful (97%), and motivational (96%). Attendance averaged 65% across 2 cohorts; delivery costs were approximately $225/dyad. There were no significant differences in body weight, BMI (or BMI z-score), waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, diet quality, physical activity, sleep, or home environment changes between intervention and control groups. Conclusions: A family T2DM prevention program was feasibly delivered by FQHC staff, and acceptable to mothers and children. Program efficacy will be evaluated in an adequately powered clinical trial.

scholarly journals Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence in Adults from Two Remote First Nations Communities in Northwestern Ontario, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Imbeault ◽  
François Haman ◽  
Jules M. Blais ◽  
Shinjini Pal ◽  
Tim Seabert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Objective. To assess the prevalence rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adults from two First Nations communities in northwestern Ontario, Canada.Methods. Body weight, height, and waist circumference as well as fasting and postprandial glucose levels following an oral glucose tolerance test were measured in 31 men and 41 women.Results. The mean age of the sample was 43 ± 13 y. The prevalence of obesity was 65.3% and was comparable between men and women. 90.3% of the individuals presented waist circumference levels greater than the thresholds associated with an increased risk of developing health problems. 26 of the 72 individuals (36.1%) were found to be type 2 diabetic. The prevalence of diabetes was not different between men and women.Conclusion. Using objective measurements, this study confirms that First Nations adults from remote communities of Canada continue to experience a disproportionately higher prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes than nonaboriginal Canadians.

scholarly journals The association between fat-to-muscle ratio and metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dixing Liu ◽  
Jiana Zhong ◽  
Yuting Ruan ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Jia Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Abnormal Metabolism

Abstract Background Altered body composition is known to be related to abnormal metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) population. Method In total, 361 T2DM participants aged ≥ 18 years were included in our research. A bioelectrical impedance analyzer was applied to measure fat mass and muscle mass. FMR was calculated as body fat mass (kg) divided by muscle mass (kg). The performance of FMR to assess metabolic disorders in T2DM was conducted using ROC curves. The independent association between FMR and metabolic syndrome (MS) was tested by logistic regression analysis. Results The FMR was significantly higher in patients with MS than in those without MS (p < 0.001). The optimal FMR cutoff point for identifying MS was higher in females than in males (0.465 vs. 0.296, respectively). In addition, the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) for the evaluation of MS by FMR, fat mass, muscle mass, BMI and waist circumference were further compared, indicating that the AUC of FMR (0.843) was the largest among the five variables in females, but the AUC of waist circumference (0.837) was still the largest among other variables in males. Based on the derived FMR cutoff point, patients with a high FMR exhibited more cardiometabolic risk indicators (all p < 0.05). Using a low FMR as a reference, the relative risk of a high FMR for MS was 2.861 (95% CI 1.111–7.368, p = 0.029) in males and 9.518 (95% CI 2.615–34.638, p = 0.001) in females following adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusions The fat-to-muscle ratio is independently and positively associated with metabolic disorders in T2DM. FMR may serve as an optimal method for screening T2DM patients coupled with a high risk of abnormal metabolism, especially in females, providing a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications in Chinese type 2 diabetes.

11-LB: Nonsevere Hypoglycemia Predicts Increased Risk of Subsequent Severe Events in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 11-LB
Author(s):  
SIMON R. HELLER ◽  
ELISE HACHMANN-NIELSEN ◽  
KAJSA KVIST
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk

Analysis of the Potential Association of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C19*3 Gene Variations With Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 1152-1160
Author(s):  
Imadeldin Elfaki ◽  
Rashid Mir ◽  
Faisel Mohammed Abu-Duhier ◽  
Chandan Kumar Jha ◽  
Adel Ibrahim Ahmad Al-Alawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Antiplatelet Drug ◽  
Drug Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Different Populations

Background:: Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are drug-metabolizing enzymes catalyzing the metabolism of about 75% of drug in clinical use. CYP2C9 represents 20% CYP proteins in liver cells and is a crucial member of CYPs superfamily. CYP2C19 metabolizes very important drugs such as antiulcer drug omeprazole, the antiplatelet drug clopidogrel and anticonvulsant mephenytoin. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP genes have been associated with unexpected drug reactions and diseases in different populations. Objective:: We examined the associations of CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910) and CYP2C19*3 (rs4986893) with T2D in Saudi population. Methods:: We used the allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) and DNA sequencing in 111 cases and 104 controls for rs1057910, and in 119 cases and 110 controls for rs4986893. Results:: It is indicated that the genotype distribution of rs1057910 in cases and controls were not significantly different (P=0.0001). The genotypes of rs1057910 were not associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (P>0.05). Whereas the genotype distribution of rs4986893 in cases and controls was significantly different (P=0.049). The AA genotype of rs4986893 may be associated in increased risk to T2D with OR=17.25 (2.06-143.8), RR=6.14(0.96-39.20), P=0.008. Conclusion:: The CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910) may not be associated with T2D, while CYP2C19*3 (rs4986893) is probably associated with T2D. These findings need to be validated in follow-up studies with larger sample sizes and different populations.

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