EFFECT OF LEVEL OF ALFALFA PELLETS ON INTAKE OF EARLY AND LATE HARVESTED TIMOTHY SILAGES OF DIFFERENT DRY MATTER CONTENT BY DAIRY COWS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. BURGESS ◽  
J. W. G. NICHOLSON ◽  
E. A. GRANT
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Timothy Grass ◽  
Ad Libitum

Two experiments were carried out, using 36 lactating Holstein cows, to determine the effect of three levels (0, 4.5 and 9.0 kg/day) of alfalfa pellets (AP) on the ad libitum consumption of early and late harvested timothy grass silages of different dry matter (DM) content. Cows consumed significantly more wilted than nonwilted silage DM for both the early and late harvested grass, although milk yields were similar for both groups. For the early harvested, wilted and nonwilted silages, feeding AP did not significantly depress silage DM intake until a level of 9.0 kg/day was reached. Total ration DM intake increased significantly with each increment of AP. With the late harvested silages, AP at the 9.0 kg/day level reduced nonwilted silage DM intake while with the wilted silage each increase of AP significantly lowered silage DM intake. Both the 4.5 and 9.0 kg/day of AP increased total DM consumption with the nonwilted silage but 9.0 kg/day of AP was required to significantly increase total DM intake for cows fed the late harvested, wilted silage. Milk yield and milk composition were not changed by the level of AP supplementation or the type of silage fed.

The effect of pattern of concentrate allocation on milk production from autumn-calving heifers

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
First 90 Days ◽  
Block Experiment

ABSTRACTForty-four British Friesian, first-lactation heifers were used in a randomized block experiment over a 2-year period to examine the effects of two patterns of concentrate allocation during the post-calving, indoor feeding period. The animals, mean calving date 17 October (s.d. 15 days), were offered concentrates either on a high-low system consisting of 80kg/day for the first 90 days of lactation and thereafter 5-4kg/day, or on a uniform system in which 6-8 kg/day was offered from calving until going to pasture (mean of 182 days). In addition, all animals received access ad libitum to grass silage, with a mean dry-matter content and digestible organic matter in the dry matter value of 218 and 679g/kg respectively. During the 1st year all 22 animals were housed as a single group, but in the 2nd year the animals were housed in individual stalls and silage intakes recorded for all replicates. In each year all animals grazed as a single group at pasture without supplementary concentrates.Total concentrates consumed were 1163 and 1187 (s.e. 19·4)kg for the high-low and uniform treatments respectively. Although the animals on the high-low treatment reached a higher peak milk yield, there were no significant differences in milk yield over the winter period, 3257 and 3311 (s.e. 41·5) kg, or total lactation, 4862 and 4886 (s.e. 80·6)kg, for the high-low and uniform treatments respectively. The animals on the high-low treatment, however, were significantly lighter in body weight at the end of the winter but there was no difference between treatments at the end of lactation. Milk composition data are also presented.

Feeding behaviour, food intake and milk production responses of lactating dairy cows to diets based on grass silage of high or low dry-matter content, supplemented with quickly and slowly fermentable energy sources

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Romney ◽  
V. Blunn ◽  
R. Sanderson ◽  
J. D. Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Optimal Forage ◽  
Forage Utilization

AbstractTwelve dairy cows in early lactation were offered low (L; 215 g/kg) or high (H; 449 g/kg) dry matter(DM) content silages, prepared using material from the same sward. In addition, all animals received 9 kg/day, of supplements based on barley (B), sugar-beet pulp (SB) or a 50: 50 mixture of the two (B: SB), in two equal portions at 07:30 and 14:30 h. The six treatments were offered in an incomplete Latin square design. Mean intakes of H (14·4 kg DM per day) were significantly higher than intakes observed for L (10·0 kg DM per day) (P < 0·001). Within silage type, highest intakes were observed for cows receiving the SB supplement (P < 0·01). Higher intakes of H were reflected in higher total milk yield (P < 0·05) as well as fat (P < 0·05) and protein (P < 0·01) yield. Milk protein concentration was greater for animals receiving silage H (P < 0·001), with lower values being observed for animals consuming SB (P < 0·05), within silage type. Time spent eating, duration and number of meals were similar for either silage and the higher intakes of H silage reflected greater intake rates (g DM per min) (P < 0·001) resulting in larger meal sizes (P < 0·001). All chewing indices (time spent eating silage, ruminating and total time chewing per kg DM ingested) were greater for the L silage (P < 0·001). It is concluded that the benefits in forage intake with higher DM grass silages, for high yielding dairy cows, are associated with consequential benefits in milk yield and milk protein content. The most likely explanation for the greater intakes is a faster particle breakdown in the rumen allowing larger meal sizes before animals became constrained. The higher intakes of silage when animals consumed the SB supplement may be due to a slower rate of fermentation of the supplement, which was more closely matched to that of silage. Although not significant there was a tendency for differences in silage intake between animals receiving B compared with SB supplements to be greater for animals receiving the H silage suggesting that supplementation strategies to ensure optimal forage utilization may differ for silages of differing DM content.

The influence of heavily fertilized grass on mineral metabolism of dairy cows

1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Mudd
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Potassium ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Negative Balance

SUMMARYGroups of lactating dairy cows were fed on grass which had received various amounts of nitrogen and potash fertilizers. In the early part of the season not only was the herbage concentration of calcium and phosphorus lower in grass which had received potash fertilizer but in addition the ‘availability’ of the calcium to cows was depressed. Grass which had received large amounts of nitrogen fertilizer had a comparatively low dry-matter content in the autumn. Cows fed such grass were in negative balance for calcium at this time. As expected high dietary potassium gave rise to high excretion of potassium in the urine which in turn was correlated with high excretion of magnesium. These various factors are likely to affect the incidence of metabolic disease.

The effect of ammoniated and roasted barley on rumen pH, milk yield and milk composition of lactating dairy cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 107-107
Author(s):  
M. H. Fathi ◽  
A. Nikkhah
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Cereal grains can provide the major source of energy in diets in order to meet the nutrient requirements of high producing dairy cows. However the amount of starch that can be included in the diets of dairy cows is limited particularly if starch is rapidly fermented such as barley starch. Reduction of feed intake, rumen pH, milk fat test, microbial growth and other metabolic disorders are expected if ruminally degradable starch is fed in amount that cant be efficiently metabolized by rumen microbs. Various techniques for processing barley grain have been developed to decrease the degradability of dry matter in rumen without reducing its extent of digestion. McNiven (1995) showed roasting of barley is more effective treatment. The objective of this experiment was to study of effects the roasting and ammoniation of barley grain on rumen pH, feces pH, milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effect of the application of bioplexes of zinc, copper and manganese on milk quality and composition of milk and colostrum and some indices of the blood metabolic profile of cows

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kinal ◽  
A. Korniewicz ◽  
M. Słupczyńska ◽  
R. Bodarski ◽  
D. Korniewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Mineral Mixtures ◽  
Positive Effect

The object of an experiment was inorganic and organic forms of zinc, copper and manganese applied in mineral mixtures to dairy cows. The experiment was carried out on 90 cows with average milk yield for previous lactation of about 9 500 kg milk. The cows received mineral mixtures containing inorganic or organic forms of zinc, copper and manganese for 6 weeks before calving and during the first three months of lactation. The application of microelements as bioplexes in amounts covering 30% of daily requirements of cows had a positive effect on an increase in colostrum dry matter content from 20.9 to 23.35% as well as on the concentration of protein and fat, and the level of minerals – calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc and copper. In cows’ milk in the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> month of lactation there were no differences in contents of minerals. However in the blood serum of cows in the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> month of lactation an increase in calcium concentration from 1.96 to 2.14 g/kg was observed while the content of phosphorus also increased average from 1.76 to 2.22 g/kg in the first trimester of lactation.

The effect of interval between harvests and wilting on silage for milk production

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter Content

ABSTRACTSeventy-two British Friesian cows, with a mean calving date of 21 January, were used in a 3 × 2 factorial design experiment to assess the effects of the interval between harvest and wilting on the value of grass silage for milk production. Three regrowth intervals of 5, 7 and 9 weeks were used with each material ensiled both unwilted and after wilting to a dry-matter content of approximately 450g/kg. The six silages were offered ad libitum in addition to 7·6 kg concentrates per day, from day 8 of lactation until 13 April, with a mean experimental period of 67·5 days. The mean intakes of silage dry matter were 11·2, 9·8 and 8·7 kg/day for the 5-, 7 and 9-week regrowth intervals respectively and 9·6 and 10·2kg/day for the unwilted and wilted silages respectively. Regrowth interval significantly affected milk yield with mean yields of 24·7, 24·2 and 22·5 (s.e. 047) kg/day being obtained for the 5-, 7- and 9-week intervals respectively. Wilting significantly depressed milk yield with mean yields of 24·8 and 227 (s.e. 0·39) kg/day being recorded with the unwilted and wilted materials respectively. Live weight at the end of the experiment was not significantly affected by any of the treatments but the rate of live-weight loss, calculated by linear regression over the experiment, and loss in body condition score both significantly increased with increasing regrowth interval. Wilting had no effect on live weight or body condition. Increasing the regrowth interval also significantly reduced the solids-not-fat and protein contents of the milk produced during the final week of the experiment but no other significant effects were recorded on milk composition.Blood analysis data are presented: blood urea was the only component affected by the treatments and decreased significantly as regrowth interval increased.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MOISTURE CONTENT OF FORAGE STORED IN POLYVINYL SILOS ON INTAKE AND PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY COWS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Logan ◽  
P. S. Haydon
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Forage Intake ◽  
Silage Quality ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Gas Tight

Legume–grass forage was ensiled two seasons in 25-ton polyvinyl-encased stacks at dry matter (D.M.) levels of 22 to 37% or stored as field-cured hay. The polyvinyl sleeve coverings provided initial gas-tight conditions. High losses occurred in the high D.M. (32 to 37%) silage during the feeding-out period. Silage quality, as indicated by volatile fatty acid ratios, proximate principles, and digestibility coefficients, was not significantly influenced by D.M. content. When cows were fed the lower D.M. (22 to 29%) silages and hay, forage intake was inversely related to its dry matter content. Intake of high D.M. silage appeared abnormally low. Milk yields appeared to be more consistently influenced by small variations in grain intake than forage dry matter intake through both trials. Milk yields from silages were greater than from hay per unit of D.M. intake. Moisture content of forage had no significant effect on milk composition as indicated by percentage of butterfat, solids-not-fat, or protein.

Effect of post-ruminal infusion of glutamine on plasma amino acids, milk yield and composition in lactating dairy cows

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Plaizier ◽  
J. -P. Walton ◽  
B. W. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Plasma Amino Acid ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids

The objectives of this study were to examine the effect of supplying post-ruminal L-glutamine in mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows on plasma amino acid profile, dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition. The experiment was designed as a 4 × 4 Latin square with four 2-wk periods. Cows were continuously infused post-ruminally with graded levels of L-glutamine (L-Gln) for 5 consecutive days during the second week of each period. During the last 24 h of the infusion, blood plasma was collected every 6 h for the determination of plasma amino acid concentrations. Plasma Gln concentration increased (P < 0.05) with increasing L-Gln daily infusions. Infusion of 0, 100, 200, and 300 g d–1 resulted in blood plasma Gln concentrations of 289.5, 299.2, 356.4 and 386.2 mmol L–1, respectively. The level of Gln infusion also resulted in a decrease in the blood plasma concentration of phenylalanine, but the concentrations of all other amino acids were not affected. The administration of Gln did not affect dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition. Key words: Post-ruminal, L-glutamine, plasma amino acids, milk constituents

Experiments on the use of home-grown foods for milk production: I. The effect of war-time changes in the food supply on the nutrient intake and milk production of dairy cows

1944 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Blaxter
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sufficient Food ◽  
Adequate Method

1. An experiment has been conducted with dairy cows to find the effect on milk production of feeding rations with a high dry-matter content—typical war-time rations.2. It was found that where a ration high in dry matter is fed, the cow tends to refuse food, and a statistically significant fall in milk production results. The correlation between the refusal of food, calculated in terms of starch equivalent, and the fall in milk production was 0·959.3. The factors causing this inability of the cow to consume sufficient food to meet her total nutrient requirements have been considered. It has been concluded that dry-matter consumption is not an adequate method of expressing the amount of food a cow will consume, and that the major factor influencing food consumption is the palatability of the individual foods making up the ration.My thanks are due to Dr S. J. Rowland for chemical analysis of the individual foods used in the experiments.

The Effect of Dry Matter Content of A Straw/Sugar Beet Pulp Mixture Used As A Buffer Feed When Fed to Dairy Cows at Different Stages of Lactation

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
A Hameleers ◽  
T Bronda ◽  
D J Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Friesian Cows

Buffer feeding is a widely used strategy to improve DM intakes from dairy cows at grass. A very wide range of products have been used as buffer feeds resulting in a wide range of responses. Less well understood are which factors are important in explaining these responses. In this experiment the buffer feed characteristic “dry matter content” and the animal factor “stage of lactation” were used as variables in order to gain a better understanding of responses to buffer feeding.Forty Friesian cows, of which 20 were spring calving and 20 autumn calving were used in a continuous design experiment lasting 5 weeks from 3 May until 7 June 1993. The animals were allocated to four treatments on basis of milk yield, liveweight and stage of lactation. The treatments were grazing only (C), grazing and a buffer feed at 30% DM (B30), 50% DM (B50) and 80% DM (B80) and for each treatment half the cows were spring calving (S) or autumn calving (A). The grazing consisted of a 8 ha field of predominantly perennial ryegrass which was split into 4 equal paddocks which were grazed on a daily rotational basis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document