DIGESTIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF POTATO STEAM PEEL BY PIGS

Potato steam peel is a by-product of the production of frozen french fry potatoes. As produced, it typically has 14% dry matter with 15% crude protein and 6% ash (dry matter basis) and a pH of 5.8. The starch is partially denatured and there is no proteolytic enzyme inhibitor activity. The feeding value of steam peel for pigs was evaluated through chemical analyses, a digestibility trial and a feeding trial. Its digestibility (%) by pigs was found to be dry matter 81.1 ± 2.8, crude protein 61.3 ± 3.7, organic matter 82.4 ± 3.0 and energy 76.8 ± 6.0. In the feeding trial carried out on a commercial hog finishing farm, feed consumption was markedly reduced when the steam peel was included at over 30% of the ration dry matter at the start of the trial. The inclusion of steam peel at 15, 20 or 25% of the ration dry matter reduced the average daily gain and feed efficiency (P < 0.05). However, it was concluded that potato steam peel can be used at up to 25% of the diet for growing fattening pigs with little detrimental effect on the level of animal performance. Key words: Potato, steam peel, pigs

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FEEDING VALUE FOR PIGS OF CANOLA MEAL DERIVED FROM WESTAR AND TRIAZINE-TOLERANT CULTIVARS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas87-084 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 811-819 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. M. BELL ◽

M. O. KEITH

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Canola Meal ◽

Initial Weight ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Digestible Crude Protein ◽

Pellet Form ◽

Daily Gain

Oil-extracted meals from Westar (WCM) and triazine-tolerant (TCM) canola seed (B. napus) were fed at levels of 0, 10, 20 and 30% of the diet to seven barrows of 35 kg initial weight in digestibility trials conducted in four successive replicates. The digestion coefficients for energy were 66 and 69%, respectively, and for crude protein were 76 and 80%. The corresponding digestible energy values were 13.31 and 13.96 MJ kg−1, respectively, and the digestible crude protein values were 32.6 and 37.5%, indicating that the WCM sample was inferior to the TCM sample. The meals were compared in a feeding trial involving 80 pigs housed in groups of four but fed individually from 23 to 100 kg liveweight. Five protein supplement combinations (soybean meal alone (control) and WCM or TCM replacing 50 or 100% of the soy protein) were tested in barley:wheat (2:1) diets with or without supplemental lysine (0.15–0.18%) and fed in meal or pellet form to male and female pigs. There were no significant differences among meals tested in average daily gain in either the growing (0.74 kg) or the finishing period (0.81 kg) but efficiency of feed utilization during the grower period (23–57 kg) was better with soybean meal diets than with the CM diets. Lysine supplementation improved daily gains from 0.70 to 0.77 kg in the grower period and from 0.79 to 0.83 kg in the finisher period. The corresponding improvements in feed:gain ratios were from 2.89 to 2.66 and from 3.75 to 3.62. Pelleting improved daily gain from 0.75 to 0.80 kg and feed:gain from 3.39 to 3.18, over the 23- to 100-kg weight range. Key words: Canola meal, Westar, triazine-tolerant, pigs, feeding trial

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DIGESTIBILITY AND FEEDING VALUE OF HULLESS BARLEY FOR PIGS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas76-062 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 505-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

K. G. MITCHALL ◽

J. M. BELL ◽

F. W. SOSULSKI

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Hulless Barley ◽

Weight Range ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Digestible Crude Protein ◽

Daily Gain

A feeding trial and two digestibility trials were conducted to evaluate two isogenic lines of regular (covered) and hulless barley, cvs. Compana and Vantage, compared also with wheat. Eight pigs (4♀, 4♂) were fed each diet over the weight range 22–50 kg. Half of the pigs, randomly selected within sex and diet groups, were used in the digestibility trials, employing chromic oxide markers. The second digestibility trial involved different pigs from the first and a new source of hulless barley. The average daily gain was 0.62 kg and there were no significant differences between rations. Likewise, feed intakes and efficiencies of feed conversion revealed no treatment differences. The digestibility of protein in hulless barley was lower than in regular barley (70 vs. 73% in one trial, 74.8 vs. 79.3% in another) and both types of barley were lower in protein digestibility than wheat (81.4%). Energy digestibility was highest in hulless barleys (77.3 vs. 73.2; 81.8 vs. 77.1%). Hulless barley contained about 5% more digestible energy than regular barley (3,295 vs. 3,133 kcal/kg) and the same digestible crude protein (12.85 vs. 12.90%).

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DIGESTIBILITY OF RYE AND ITS VALUE IN PELLETED RATIONS FOR PIGS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas69-049 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 375-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

D. W. Friend ◽

T. M. MacIntyre

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Factorial Experiment ◽

N Retention ◽

Weight Gains ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Daily Gain

Digestibility and N-retention were determined with eight barrows fed rye and barley in a crossover experiment. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility coefficients for rye were higher than those for barley, but differences in N-retention were negligible. The coefficients obtained by indirect measurement were higher than those determined directly. Seventy-two pigs were used in a factorial experiment to determine the effect on production of feeding two grades of rye at 0, 30 and 60% of pelleted and non-pelleted finisher rations. Weight gains by barrows compared with gilts were affected less by the addition of rye to the rations. The growth rate of gilts was reduced by the inclusion of 30% rye in non-pelleted but not in pelleted rations. The use of No. 2 grade rye appeared to have restricted rate of gain less than did No. 3 grade rye. The feeding value of rye was improved by pelleting, since the daily gain of 0.75 kg obtained by feeding a 30% rye, pelleted ration equalled that from pigs fed a 0% rye, non-pelleted ration.

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Pengaruh Suplementasi Ampas Tahu, Ampas Tempe dan Ampas Kecap dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Domba Lokal Jantan

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.5.1.1-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Eka Handayanta

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Soy Sauce ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Daily Gain

The aim of this research to determine the effect of supplementation of tofu. tempe, and soy sauce waste in ration on male local sheep performance. This research was carried out during three month, take place on July until October 200E in Minifarm Dept. of Animal Science, Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, located in Jatikuwung. Gondangrejo, Karanganyar. It used 12 male local sheeps with average body weight of 15.86 ±0.93 kg, divided into four treatments and three replications, each replication consist of one sheep. The ration consisted of king grass only as basal diet, as many as four percent base on body weight. The treatment given is in the form of feed supplement, that namely without supplement (RO), 250 gram tofu waste (R1), 250 gram tempe waste (R2), and 250 gram soy sauce waste (R3). The data variables collected were feed consumption, dry and organic matter digestibility, crude protein consumption, energy consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. All of data except average daily gain was analyzed by completely randomized design one way classification. While average daily gain was analyzed by covariance analyze. The result were significant followed by Duncan new multiple range test. The result showed that average of R0, RI, R2 and R3 for feed consumption 430.52; 720.44; 704.44; 549.08 gram/day, dry matter digestibility (%) 61,07; 72,46; 69,68: 63,60, organic matter digestibility (%) 64,41: 74,94; 72.41; 64,7 1, crude protein consumption 47.66; 106.77; 85.83; 73.70 gram/day, energy consumption 281.82; 482.65; 432.67; 330.83 gram/day, average daily gain 50.00.1X00: 116.19; 38.10 gram/day and feed conversion ratio 8.74; 5.61; 6.06; 15.2. The result of variance analyze showed that feed supplementation have highly significant effect (P<0.01) on all of the data variable colected. Conclusion of this research was supplementation of tofu waste and tempe waste could improved performance, while soy sauce waste could not improved the performance of male local sheep. Key words : sheep, tofu waste, tempe waste, soy sauce waste, performance

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INFLUENCE OF HIGH-MOISTURE BARLEY ON THE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FEEDLOT CATTLE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas88-090 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 811-820 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. J. KENNELLY ◽

G. W. MATHISON ◽

G. de BOER

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Free Choice ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

High Moisture ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Daily Gain

Three factorial experiments were conducted to determine the relative feeding value of dry barley (DB) and high-moisture barley (HMB), and to evaluate the influence of method of ensiling (Pit vs. Harvestore® (HAV) silo), source of roughage (hay vs. silage), and level of concentrate (90 vs. 75%) on the performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. In exp. 1, 252 steers (initial wt 357 kg) were assigned on the basis of weight to six treatments (two pens × 21 animals per pen). A mixed diet consisting of 85.2% barley grain (dry matter (DM) basis) was offered free choice. The barley portion of the ration consisted of either 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% DB with the balance being HMB from a pit silo. The sixth treatment consisted of feeding 100% HMB for the first 57 d and 100% DB for the remainder of the trial. Overall average daily gain (ADG) for steers fed 100% DB (1.70 kg d−1) was significantly higher than observed for animals fed 100, 75 or 50% HMB (1.46, 1.49 and 1.56 kg d−1, respectively). The kg of feed DM required per kg gain (FC) varied between 5.76 and 7.13 and was not (P > 0.05) influenced by treatment. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in carcass characteristics. In exp. 2, 360 steers (initial wt 340 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments designed to evaluate the effect of source (Pit vs. HAV) and level of HMB, in diets containing 10.2% silage, on animal performance. Overall ADG (1.11 – 1.17 kg d−1), FC (6.66 – 7.01) and carcass characteristics were similar (P > 0.05) for animals fed Pit HMB, HAV HMB and DB. In exp. 3, 264 weanling calves (initial wt 216 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments which differed in type of barley (HMB vs. DB), source of roughage (hay vs. silage) and level of concentrate (75 vs. 90%; DM basis). The feeding period was 127 d. Daily gains varied between 0.78 and 0.91 kg d−1 and FC ranged from 6.40 to 7.10 and were not influenced (P > 0.05) by source of barley or source or level of roughage. While animals fed DB had significantly higher ADG than those fed HMB in exp. 1, the overall results from the three experiments indicate that on a DM basis HMB has similar feeding value to DB, and that there is no major difference between Pit and HAV-stored HMB for feedlot cattle. Key words: High moisture, barley, cattle, gain, feed conversion

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Intake, digestibility, and performance of steers fed diets based on two corn silage hybrids and two concentrate levels

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s0102-09352010000400016 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 868-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F.H.M. Chizzotti ◽

O.G. Pereira ◽

S.C. Valadares Filho ◽

L.O. Tedeschi ◽

K.G. Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Diet Cost ◽

And Performance ◽

Daily Intakes ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Matter Basis

A trial involving a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments was conducted to evaluate two corn silage hybrids (Agromen, AGN35-A42) and (Bayer, A3663) and concentrate levels (25 and 50%) on animal performance. Twenty-four Holstein x Zebu crossbred steers, averaging 335±30kg of BW, were distributed in six randomized blocks to evaluate intake, digestibility, and performance. Treatments consisted of 75% corn silage A + 25% concentrate, 50% corn silage A + 50% concentrate, 75% corn silage B + 25% concentrate, and 50% corn silage B + 50% concentrate (dry matter basis); formulated to be isonitrogenous (13% crude protein, dry matter basis). There were no differences in the daily intakes of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein. Additionally, there was a concentrate effect on non-fiber carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients intakes, and on total apparent digestibility of DM and OM, with higher intakes for steers fed diets with 50% of concentrate. However, average daily gain (ADG) was not influenced by treatments. The utilization of both corn silage hybrids in association with 25% of concentrate is a good option to feed crossbred steers with ADG close to 1.0kg in order to reduce diet cost.

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Effect of breed type and ionophore supplementation on growth and carcass characteristic in feedlot hair lambs

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982010000300024 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 633-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jaime Salinas-Chavira ◽

Alfredo Lara-Juarez ◽

Abraham Gil-González ◽

Jorge Jimenez-Castro ◽

Ramón Garcia-Castillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Breed Type ◽

Daily Gain

The effects of supplementing feedlot diets with ionophores and breed type were assessed on growth rate and carcass characteristics in hair lambs. Twenty four intact males, 12 Pelibuey × Dorper (PDo) and 12 Pelibuey × Damara (PDa) lambs, 17.9 ± 3.7 kg initial weight, were housed in individual pens for a 60-d feeding trial. The lambs were assigned randomly into four diets: control without additives (C); 25 µg/g monensin (M); 28 µg/g salinomycin (S); 28 µg/g S for 20 d, and 25 µg/g M for the next 40 d (SM). Each diet was supplied to six lambs. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four diets and two breed types of hair lambs (PDo and PDa). All diets were formulated to contain 14% CP and 2.6 Mcal ME/kg dry matter. At the end of the feeding trial carcass images were recorded in the last intercostal space (12th and 13th ribs) using ultrasound equipment to measure the Longissimus dorsi muscle area and subcutaneous fat (SF). The average daily gain (ADG), daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus dorsi area were not affected by ionophore supplementation.. The Pelibuey × Dorper group tended to show better average daily gain than Pelibuey × Damara (262 g/d and 235 g/d, respectively). Daily dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio and subcutaneous fat were not affected by breed type. The Pelibuey × Dorper lambs had greater Longissimus dorsi area (16.74 cm²) than the Pelibuey × Damara (14.29 cm²) lambs. The growth rate was not influenced by the inclusion of ionophores. Pelibuey × Dorper lambs showed better average daily gain and carcass characteristics than Pelibuey × Damara lambs.

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THE FEEDING VALUE OF POTATO STEAM PEEL FOR GROWING-FINISHING PIGS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas89-026 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 225-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. A. VAN LUNEN ◽

D. M. ANDERSON ◽

A.-M. ST. LAURENT ◽

J. W. G. NICHOLSON ◽

P. R. DEAN

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Enzyme Inhibitors ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

First Feeding ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Feeding Trials ◽

Inclusion Level

Potato steam peel (SP) is a by-product of potato processing where the peel is removed after steaming. It typically contains 15 ± 3% dry matter, 16 ± 1% crude protein, 0.55 ±.05% lysine, 0% methionine/cystine and 6% ash (dry matter basis). Steaming effectively deactivates the proteolytic enzyme inhibitors and partially denatures the starch. SP was evaluated in a digestibility trial and at levels from 0 to 30% DM in two feeding trials. The digestibility (%) of SP by pigs was found to be 88.4 (DM), 80.1 (CP) and 86.1 (DE). In the first feeding trial diets containing levels of 0, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% SP supplemented with methionine resulted in similar growth performance and carcass characteristics. In the second feeding trial, a comparison was made between a constant level of inclusion and an increase in inclusion level with age. Results showed no difference in growth performance or feed consumption among treatments. It is concluded that SP can be incorporated in diets for growing-finishing pigs at levels up to 30% DM. No change in performance resulted from increasing level of inclusion with age. Key words: Potato, steam peel, pigs, digestibility

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Interactions between supplementary nitrogen source and ration energy density on performance and nitrogen utilization in growing and fattening male cattle

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100017694 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 19-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Z. Holzer ◽

D. Levy ◽

V. Samuel ◽

I. Bruckenthal

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Negative Control ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Protein Nitrogen ◽

N Retention ◽

The Relationship ◽

Daily Gain

ABSTRACTFour diets containing 9·6 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg dry matter (DM) (LMEC), and four diets containing 11·3 MJ/kg DM (HMEC) were formulated. One diet of each ME concentration contained 90 g crude protein (CP) per kg DM and served as a negative control (NC). In the three other diets of each ME concentration, the level of CP was raised to 140 g/kg DM by inclusion of poultry litter (PL), non-protein nitrogen (NPN) or fish meal (FM). These diets were examined in a digestion and N balance trial and in a feeding trial.For the NC, PL, NPN and FM subtreatments of the LMEC diets, DM intakes were 107·1, 112·4, 100·6 and 130·2 g/kg M075 respectively; digestibility coefficients of organic matter (OM) were 0·64, 0·70, 0·67 and 0·71 respectively; and N retention 0·40, 0·76, 0·53 and 1·21 g/kg M075 respectively. For the respective subtreatments of the HMEC diets, the values were: 100·4, 119·4, 109·3, 107·5 for DM intake; 0·64, 0·73, 0·73, 0·73 for digestibility coefficients of OM and 0·40, 0·87, 1·06 and 1·03 g/kg M075 for N retention.Daily gain on the respective diets in the first 130 days of the feeding trial was 0·85, 0·90, 0·91, 1·04 kg for the LMEC and 1·09, 1·21, 119, 1·24 kg for the HMEC diets, and from the 131st day to slaughter was 0·98, 1·02, 100, 1·08 kg for the LMEC and 1·03, 1·02, 1·07, 1·05 kg for the HMEC diets respectively. Daily carcass gain was 0·49, 0·51, 0·51, 0·53 kg for the LMEC and 0·55, 0·59, 0·59, 0·60 kg for the HMEC diets, respectively.The relationship between ME concentration in the diet and source of CP is discussed.

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Growth Performance of Indigenouns Goat Breeds Through Grazing Supplemented with Graded Levels of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas) Silage in Loma Woreda, Southern Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-366504/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yaekob Lomba Lorato ◽

Amare Abera Alambo

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Potato Vine ◽

Study Results ◽

Sweet Potato Vine ◽

Daily Gain

Abstract ABSTRACT Background: A study was carried out in Loma district of Southern part of Ethiopia that aimed to determine the effects of supplementation of graded levels of sweet potato vine silage on growth performances of grazing indigenous goat breeds. Loma district, the potential area for sweet potato production, that they practiced feeding sweet potato for animal feed shortage especially during dry season in the study area. Two hundred Sixteen indigenous yearling male local goats (16.3±0.4kg) were randomly selected for on-farm feeding trial. The goats were blocked into four groups of fifty four animals based on their initial body weight. Dietary treatments were randomly assigned to each animal in the groups. Animals which were assigned randomly in each block were given to farmers. The treatment comprised of grazing alone as treatment 1, grazing+78 g dry matter sweet potato silage as treatment 2, grazing +156 g dry matter sweet potato silage as treatment 3, grazing + 234 g dry matter sweet potato silage as treatment 4. Results: The highest dry matter contents (89.7%) were observed in final trial periods compared to initial and mid-term of trial periods. The average daily gain for Treatment 4 was higher (P<0.05) than those goats in Treatment 1 and Treatment 2. The weight gain for Treatment 3 and Treatment 4 were similar (P>0.05). About 96.7% of the respondents produce sweet potato. Conclusions: In the current feeding trial study results indicated that, the increased supplementation of sweet potato vine silage revealed increased performance of grazing local goats. Intake of dry matter increased from 78% to 234% with increasing levels of sweet potato vine silage supplementation. There was higher average daily gain for the supplemented group (60, 80 and 97g/head/day in Treatment 2, Treatment 3 and Treatment 4, respectively) than non-supplemented ones (34.2g/head/day). Therefore, from these findings it is concluded that supplementation of sweet potato silage favors better growth rate however we need to work on improving the productivity of sweet potato and improve benefits of feeding to goats.

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