DIGESTIBILITY AND FEEDING VALUE OF HULLESS BARLEY FOR PIGS

K. G. MITCHALL; J. M. BELL; F. W. SOSULSKI

doi:10.4141/cjas76-062

DIGESTIBILITY AND FEEDING VALUE OF HULLESS BARLEY FOR PIGS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas76-062 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 505-511 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

K. G. MITCHALL ◽

J. M. BELL ◽

F. W. SOSULSKI

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Hulless Barley ◽

Weight Range ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Digestible Crude Protein ◽

Daily Gain

A feeding trial and two digestibility trials were conducted to evaluate two isogenic lines of regular (covered) and hulless barley, cvs. Compana and Vantage, compared also with wheat. Eight pigs (4♀, 4♂) were fed each diet over the weight range 22–50 kg. Half of the pigs, randomly selected within sex and diet groups, were used in the digestibility trials, employing chromic oxide markers. The second digestibility trial involved different pigs from the first and a new source of hulless barley. The average daily gain was 0.62 kg and there were no significant differences between rations. Likewise, feed intakes and efficiencies of feed conversion revealed no treatment differences. The digestibility of protein in hulless barley was lower than in regular barley (70 vs. 73% in one trial, 74.8 vs. 79.3% in another) and both types of barley were lower in protein digestibility than wheat (81.4%). Energy digestibility was highest in hulless barleys (77.3 vs. 73.2; 81.8 vs. 77.1%). Hulless barley contained about 5% more digestible energy than regular barley (3,295 vs. 3,133 kcal/kg) and the same digestible crude protein (12.85 vs. 12.90%).

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FEEDING VALUE FOR PIGS OF CANOLA MEAL DERIVED FROM WESTAR AND TRIAZINE-TOLERANT CULTIVARS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas87-084 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 811-819 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. M. BELL ◽

M. O. KEITH

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Canola Meal ◽

Initial Weight ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Digestible Crude Protein ◽

Pellet Form ◽

Daily Gain

Oil-extracted meals from Westar (WCM) and triazine-tolerant (TCM) canola seed (B. napus) were fed at levels of 0, 10, 20 and 30% of the diet to seven barrows of 35 kg initial weight in digestibility trials conducted in four successive replicates. The digestion coefficients for energy were 66 and 69%, respectively, and for crude protein were 76 and 80%. The corresponding digestible energy values were 13.31 and 13.96 MJ kg−1, respectively, and the digestible crude protein values were 32.6 and 37.5%, indicating that the WCM sample was inferior to the TCM sample. The meals were compared in a feeding trial involving 80 pigs housed in groups of four but fed individually from 23 to 100 kg liveweight. Five protein supplement combinations (soybean meal alone (control) and WCM or TCM replacing 50 or 100% of the soy protein) were tested in barley:wheat (2:1) diets with or without supplemental lysine (0.15–0.18%) and fed in meal or pellet form to male and female pigs. There were no significant differences among meals tested in average daily gain in either the growing (0.74 kg) or the finishing period (0.81 kg) but efficiency of feed utilization during the grower period (23–57 kg) was better with soybean meal diets than with the CM diets. Lysine supplementation improved daily gains from 0.70 to 0.77 kg in the grower period and from 0.79 to 0.83 kg in the finisher period. The corresponding improvements in feed:gain ratios were from 2.89 to 2.66 and from 3.75 to 3.62. Pelleting improved daily gain from 0.75 to 0.80 kg and feed:gain from 3.39 to 3.18, over the 23- to 100-kg weight range. Key words: Canola meal, Westar, triazine-tolerant, pigs, feeding trial

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DIGESTIBILITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF POTATO STEAM PEEL BY PIGS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas88-023 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 233-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. W. G. NICHOLSON ◽

P. M. SNODDON ◽

P. R. DEAN

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

French Fry ◽

Proteolytic Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Daily Gain

Potato steam peel is a by-product of the production of frozen french fry potatoes. As produced, it typically has 14% dry matter with 15% crude protein and 6% ash (dry matter basis) and a pH of 5.8. The starch is partially denatured and there is no proteolytic enzyme inhibitor activity. The feeding value of steam peel for pigs was evaluated through chemical analyses, a digestibility trial and a feeding trial. Its digestibility (%) by pigs was found to be dry matter 81.1 ± 2.8, crude protein 61.3 ± 3.7, organic matter 82.4 ± 3.0 and energy 76.8 ± 6.0. In the feeding trial carried out on a commercial hog finishing farm, feed consumption was markedly reduced when the steam peel was included at over 30% of the ration dry matter at the start of the trial. The inclusion of steam peel at 15, 20 or 25% of the ration dry matter reduced the average daily gain and feed efficiency (P < 0.05). However, it was concluded that potato steam peel can be used at up to 25% of the diet for growing fattening pigs with little detrimental effect on the level of animal performance. Key words: Potato, steam peel, pigs

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Optimization of feeding frequency on the growth performance of thai pangas, Pangasius hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878)

Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujbs.v24i1.46312 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 83-90

Author(s):

Md Ali Husain ◽

Anwar Hossain ◽

Shankar Chandra Mandal ◽

Md Alamgir Kabir ◽

Mohammad Shamsur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Condition Factor ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Nutritional Composition ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feeding Frequency ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Crude Lipid ◽

Daily Gain

Thai pangas, Pangasius hypophthalmus fingerlings were reared for 60 days in laboratory condition to investigate the effects of feeding frequency on the growth performance. The fish fingerlings in three treatments were fed with two, three and four times a day, respectively. During the feeding trial, growth and feed utilization were assessed by condition factor (K), average daily gain (ADG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Significantly lower FCR 1.81 ± 0.02 and higher ADG 0.38 ± 0.02 and SGR 2.20 ± 0.02% were found in fish fed thrice a day than that of other treatments (p < 0.05). Highest condition factor 1.69 ± 0.13 was found in fish fed four times a day while the lowest condition factor 0.77 ± 0.03 was detected in fish fed twice a day. Moisture content of Thai pangas in treatment T1, T2 and T3 were 79.23 ± 0.77, 78.08 ± 0.85 and 77.84 ± 0.17%, respectively. The crude protein, crude lipid and ash contents were 16.11 ± 0.00 to 16.38 ± 0.08%, 3.22 ± 0.27 to 3.41 ± 0.06% and 1.47 ± 0.02 to 1.82 ± 0.04%, respectively. The findings of the present study demonstrated that three times feeding frequency showed better growth performance and nutritional composition of Thai pangas fingerlings. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(1): 83-90, 2015 (January)

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DIGESTIBILITY OF RYE AND ITS VALUE IN PELLETED RATIONS FOR PIGS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas69-049 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 375-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

D. W. Friend ◽

T. M. MacIntyre

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Factorial Experiment ◽

N Retention ◽

Weight Gains ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Daily Gain

Digestibility and N-retention were determined with eight barrows fed rye and barley in a crossover experiment. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility coefficients for rye were higher than those for barley, but differences in N-retention were negligible. The coefficients obtained by indirect measurement were higher than those determined directly. Seventy-two pigs were used in a factorial experiment to determine the effect on production of feeding two grades of rye at 0, 30 and 60% of pelleted and non-pelleted finisher rations. Weight gains by barrows compared with gilts were affected less by the addition of rye to the rations. The growth rate of gilts was reduced by the inclusion of 30% rye in non-pelleted but not in pelleted rations. The use of No. 2 grade rye appeared to have restricted rate of gain less than did No. 3 grade rye. The feeding value of rye was improved by pelleting, since the daily gain of 0.75 kg obtained by feeding a 30% rye, pelleted ration equalled that from pigs fed a 0% rye, non-pelleted ration.

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Pengaruh Suplementasi Ampas Tahu, Ampas Tempe dan Ampas Kecap dalam Ransum Terhadap Performan Domba Lokal Jantan

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.5.1.1-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Eka Handayanta

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Soy Sauce ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Daily Gain

The aim of this research to determine the effect of supplementation of tofu. tempe, and soy sauce waste in ration on male local sheep performance. This research was carried out during three month, take place on July until October 200E in Minifarm Dept. of Animal Science, Agriculture Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, located in Jatikuwung. Gondangrejo, Karanganyar. It used 12 male local sheeps with average body weight of 15.86 ±0.93 kg, divided into four treatments and three replications, each replication consist of one sheep. The ration consisted of king grass only as basal diet, as many as four percent base on body weight. The treatment given is in the form of feed supplement, that namely without supplement (RO), 250 gram tofu waste (R1), 250 gram tempe waste (R2), and 250 gram soy sauce waste (R3). The data variables collected were feed consumption, dry and organic matter digestibility, crude protein consumption, energy consumption, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. All of data except average daily gain was analyzed by completely randomized design one way classification. While average daily gain was analyzed by covariance analyze. The result were significant followed by Duncan new multiple range test. The result showed that average of R0, RI, R2 and R3 for feed consumption 430.52; 720.44; 704.44; 549.08 gram/day, dry matter digestibility (%) 61,07; 72,46; 69,68: 63,60, organic matter digestibility (%) 64,41: 74,94; 72.41; 64,7 1, crude protein consumption 47.66; 106.77; 85.83; 73.70 gram/day, energy consumption 281.82; 482.65; 432.67; 330.83 gram/day, average daily gain 50.00.1X00: 116.19; 38.10 gram/day and feed conversion ratio 8.74; 5.61; 6.06; 15.2. The result of variance analyze showed that feed supplementation have highly significant effect (P<0.01) on all of the data variable colected. Conclusion of this research was supplementation of tofu waste and tempe waste could improved performance, while soy sauce waste could not improved the performance of male local sheep. Key words : sheep, tofu waste, tempe waste, soy sauce waste, performance

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INFLUENCE OF HIGH-MOISTURE BARLEY ON THE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FEEDLOT CATTLE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas88-090 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 811-820 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. J. KENNELLY ◽

G. W. MATHISON ◽

G. de BOER

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Free Choice ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

High Moisture ◽

Feeding Value ◽

Daily Gain

Three factorial experiments were conducted to determine the relative feeding value of dry barley (DB) and high-moisture barley (HMB), and to evaluate the influence of method of ensiling (Pit vs. Harvestore® (HAV) silo), source of roughage (hay vs. silage), and level of concentrate (90 vs. 75%) on the performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. In exp. 1, 252 steers (initial wt 357 kg) were assigned on the basis of weight to six treatments (two pens × 21 animals per pen). A mixed diet consisting of 85.2% barley grain (dry matter (DM) basis) was offered free choice. The barley portion of the ration consisted of either 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% DB with the balance being HMB from a pit silo. The sixth treatment consisted of feeding 100% HMB for the first 57 d and 100% DB for the remainder of the trial. Overall average daily gain (ADG) for steers fed 100% DB (1.70 kg d−1) was significantly higher than observed for animals fed 100, 75 or 50% HMB (1.46, 1.49 and 1.56 kg d−1, respectively). The kg of feed DM required per kg gain (FC) varied between 5.76 and 7.13 and was not (P > 0.05) influenced by treatment. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in carcass characteristics. In exp. 2, 360 steers (initial wt 340 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments designed to evaluate the effect of source (Pit vs. HAV) and level of HMB, in diets containing 10.2% silage, on animal performance. Overall ADG (1.11 – 1.17 kg d−1), FC (6.66 – 7.01) and carcass characteristics were similar (P > 0.05) for animals fed Pit HMB, HAV HMB and DB. In exp. 3, 264 weanling calves (initial wt 216 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments which differed in type of barley (HMB vs. DB), source of roughage (hay vs. silage) and level of concentrate (75 vs. 90%; DM basis). The feeding period was 127 d. Daily gains varied between 0.78 and 0.91 kg d−1 and FC ranged from 6.40 to 7.10 and were not influenced (P > 0.05) by source of barley or source or level of roughage. While animals fed DB had significantly higher ADG than those fed HMB in exp. 1, the overall results from the three experiments indicate that on a DM basis HMB has similar feeding value to DB, and that there is no major difference between Pit and HAV-stored HMB for feedlot cattle. Key words: High moisture, barley, cattle, gain, feed conversion

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Performance in blue fox (Vulpes lagopus) fed low-protein diets supplemented with DL-methionine and L-histidine

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.73149 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vappu Ylinen ◽

Päivi Pylkkö ◽

Jussi Peura ◽

Essi Tuomola ◽

Jarmo Valaja

Keyword(s):

Protein Level ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Vulpes Lagopus ◽

Low Protein ◽

Digestible Crude Protein ◽

Blue Fox ◽

Metabolisable Energy ◽

Protein Diets ◽

Daily Gain

The effects of low-protein diets supplemented with DL-methionine (MET) and L-histidine (HIS) on growth, pelt size and pelt quality were studied in two performance trials conducted at the Kannus Research Farm Luova Ltd, Finland. Both trials were conducted with 200 blue foxes, caged male-female pairs, initial age on average 20 weeks (trial 1) and 25 weeks (trial 2). In trial 1, diets contained digestible crude protein (DCP) 24%, 20% and 16% of metabolisable energy (ME). In trial 2, diets contained DCP 20%, 16.5% and 13% of ME. In both trials, the middle protein level was fed with or without MET and the lowest protein level was fed with MET and with or without HIS. In trial 1, blue foxes showed the greatest average daily gain (ADG) in the highest protein diet. Pelt size and pelt quality were not affected. In trial 2, blue foxes showed the greatest ADG in the low-protein groups. Pelt size and pelt quality were not affected.

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NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF AMMONIATED MUSTARD MEAL FOR USE IN SWINE FEEDS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas84-116 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 1023-1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. M. BELL ◽

M. O. KEITH ◽

J. A. BLAKE ◽

D. I. McGREGOR

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Rapeseed Meal ◽

Feed Utilization ◽

Canola Meal ◽

Mustard Seed ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Protein Supplements ◽

Mustard Meal ◽

Digestible Crude Protein ◽

Daily Gain

Mustard meal was prepared in a pilot plant by expelling and hexane-extracting brown mustard seed (Brassica juncea (L.) Coss.). Steam, ammonia and water were applied during the final stages in the desolventizer. Ammoniated mustard meal (MM) was compared in a swine feeding trial (60 pigs, 25–100 kg) with canola meal (CM; low glucosinolate rapeseed meal), with MM in three combinations with CM and soybean meal (SBM) and with CM + SBM as the protein supplements in six barley:wheat (2:1) diets. Each diet was also fed with and without 0.15% supplementary lysine until pigs weighed 54 kg. Pigs were penned in groups of four and individually fed. Digestibility was determined separately. Ammoniation reduced glucosinolates by over 80% and reduced lysine by 20% but increased crude protein from 44.6 to 51.1%, dry basis. Digestibility values of energy and protein in MM were 72 and 75%, respectively. Digestible energy (10.5% moisture, air-dry basis) was 13.0 MJ/kg and digestible crude protein was 30.25%. Daily gain, daily feed intake and efficiency of feed utilization were poorer with pigs fed MM as the only protein supplement than with pigs fed any other supplement. Key words: Mustard meal, ammoniation, feeding trial, digestibility, lysine, pigs

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Productive and metabolic increments of the inclusion of Broussonetia papyrifera to replace maize silage in growing goats

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/10/2020-cjas ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (No. 8) ◽

pp. 303-310

Author(s):

Jinling Hua ◽

Tianfeng Xu ◽

Quanwen Shen ◽

Yan Liu ◽

Guijuan Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Nitrogen Retention ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Maize Silage ◽

Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Daily Gain

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of Broussonetia papyrifera (BP) on growth performance, rumen fermentation, digestion and meat quality in Huanghuai white goats. Diets were developed with increasing doses of BP to replace maize silage [0% (control), 15% (BP15), 30% (BP30) and 45% (BP45)]. The design was completely randomized with 4 groups of 10 animals each, totalizing 40 animals (aged 150 ± 10 days and body weight of 25.32 ± 0.52 kg). Final body weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05) as BP increased in the diet. The highest body weight and average daily gain were seen in the BP30 group. Feed conversion ratio also improved significantly (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05) with the increasing level of BP. Although the concentration of microbial protein (MCP) in a linear (P = 0.0028) and quadratic (P = 0.0035) fashion with increasing level of BP, however, NH3-N in a quadratic (P = 0.0841) fashion with increasing level of BP. Crude protein was increased with increasing BP in the diets (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Nitrogen intake, urinary excretion nitrogen and nitrogen retention were significantly improved (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05) with dietary BP addition in goats. Dietary BP supplementation increased pH (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05) and tended to reduce L* (lightness) (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). Additionally, the redness value of meat was significantly improved by BP addition (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05). The inclusion of BP in the goat diet promotes growth and increases the digestibility of crude protein in addition to improving the meat colour and rumen fermentation.

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A note on the effect of monensin and amicloral in steer diets

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100024284 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 441-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. M. J. Horton

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Control Diet ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Crude Fibre ◽

Carcass Parameters ◽

Daily Gain

ABSTRACTThe effects of feeding monensin and amicloral at 33 and 1500 mg/kg of diet, respectively, were investigated in two experiments using 330-kg steers. Monensin and amicloral, either alone or in combination, increased the digestibility of organic matter and crude fibre compared with a control diet (P< 0·001). Crude protein digestibility was increased by monensin (P< 0·001). Use of monensin and amicloral, alone or in combination, increased molar proportions of propionic acid by 22% on average (P> 0·05), and monensin decreased butyric acid by 37% (P< 0·05).Ruminal ammonia concentrations were lower in steers fed monensin (P< 0·05). Steers fed monensin consumed 6 % less feed, gained 9 % more weight (P< 0·05) and utilized feed 14% more efficiently (P< 0·05) than control animals. Amicloral, either alone or with monensin, lowered feed intake by 11 % (P< 0·05), had no effect on average daily gain and improved feed efficiency by about 12% (P< 0·05). There were no treatment effects on any of the carcass parameters.

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