The effect of genotype on feedlot performance, carcass composition, and lean meat quality from commercial pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Sather ◽  
S. D. M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Large White ◽  
Commercial Market ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Similar Growth

A total of 60 female and 54 castrated male progeny of commercial Landrace × Large White F1 sows, backcrossed to Landrace or Large White boars, were slaughtered at an average liveweight of 102 kg. Four same-sex pigs were penned together. Large White sires were homozygous normal (NN) but Landrace sires were heterozygous carriers (Nn), at the halothane locus. Progeny genotypes at the halothane locus were determined by a DNA probe. Barrows grew 136 g d−1 faster (P < 0.0001), reaching market weight 13 d sooner (P < 0.0001) but with 3.2 mm more average back-fat (P < 0.0001) than gilts. Both sexes had similar feed requirements (P = 0.1221). Landrace and Large White-sired pigs had similar growth rate (P = 0.6458) and feed requirements (P = 0.9354), but Large White-sired pigs had 1.33 mm less grade fat thickness (P = 0.0131) and 1.72 more muscle depth (P = 0.0218) than Landrace-sired pigs. Nn pigs required 7 d longer (P < 0.0001) and 22 kg (P = 0.0393) more total feed to reach market weight than NN pigs, but they had 2.6 mm greater muscle depth (P = 0.0008) and had 1% greater commercial lean yield (P = 0.0291). However, meat quality of Nn pigs was reduced when compared with NN pigs. For example, colour reflectance and drip loss were higher (P < 0.0001) and soluble protein was lower (P < 0.0001) among the Nn pigs which also had less intrasmuscular fat (P = 0.0184). The results emphasize that the increased value of the carcass from Nn pigs may be offset by reduced feedlot performance and reduced meat quality, and questions the merit of the use of halothane gene to improve production efficiency in the commercial market. Key words: Swine production, halothane gene, breed effect, Landrace, Large White

scholarly journals Effect of Australian sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) inclusion levels and enzyme supplementation on the performance, carcass composition and meat quality of grower/finisher pigs

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Kim ◽  
B. P. Mullan ◽  
R. R. Nicholls ◽  
J. R. Pluske
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Large White ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Finisher Diets

Two hundred and twenty-four crossbred male pigs (Large White × Landrace, initial bodyweight 27.2 kg ± 0.22) were used to determine the influence of dietary Australian sweet lupin (ASL) inclusion level and enzyme supplementation on growth performance, carcass composition and meat quality. The experiment was a 4 × 2 factorial design with the respective factors being ASL inclusion level (Lupinus angustifolius L., cv. Mandelup; 200, 250, 300 and 350 g/kg, in replacement of soybean meal) and enzyme supplementation (without or with supplemental enzyme; Allzyme SSF). Pigs (7 pigs per pen × 4 replicates per treatment = 28 pigs per enzyme by lupin-level combination) were fed grower diets between 27 and 50 kg, finisher diets between 50 and 75 kg and pre-sale diets between 75 and 107 kg, and daily gain and feed intake were measured weekly. At ~107 kg liveweight, the pigs were slaughtered at a commercial abattoir and carcass composition was measured. Meat quality (pH, surface exudate, drip loss, cooking loss, meat colour and shear force) was measured from selected pigs (n = 18) fed the lowest and highest lupin diets without enzyme supplementation. Increasing the ASL inclusion level to 350 g/kg did not alter (P > 0.05) growth performance of pigs and did not influence (P > 0.05) carcass composition and meat quality. Likewise, addition of supplemental enzyme had no effect (P > 0.05) on growth performance and carcass composition. Lack of performance response to added enzyme complex is likely due either to the use of enzyme complex that was not substrate-specific for the lupin non-starch polysaccharides or to the high specification of the experimental diets, which was inevitable when increasing inclusion levels of lupins. The results show that a current variety (Mandelup) of ASL can be used in grower/finisher diets up to 350 g/kg without compromising growth, carcass composition or meat quality of pigs.

Feedlot performance, carcass composition and meat quality of free-range reared pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Sather ◽  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
A. L. Schaefer ◽  
J. Colyn ◽  
W. M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Wholesale Price ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Key Words Animal ◽  
Potential Benefits

The effects of the housing system (confinement versus free-range) and season (summer versus winter) on growth performance, carcass composition and meat quality were determined from commercial pigs with known NN genotype at the halothane locus. Free-range-housed pigs reared from 25 to 105 kg required 16 ± 1.2 (SEM) more days to reach market weight compared with confinement-housed pigs. Housing did not affect feed requirements during the summer, but food consumption increased by 13.7% for free-range pigs during the winter. Confinement-reared pigs had a 0.75 ± 0.28 kg heavier commercial carcass weight than free-range-reared pigs. While there was no difference in carcass fat thickness, muscle depth was 2.4 ± 1.02 mm greater in free-range-reared pigs with increased predicted lean yield from 59.1 ± 0.24% to 59.8 ± 24%. Free-range-reared pigs had heavier butts, loins and hams, and lighter bellies, which increased their wholesale carcass value by 2.9%. Furthermore, they had greater dissected lean in the picnic (2.0%) butt (4.0%), loin (4.5%) and ham (2.0%) with no compromise to pork quality. If the wholesale price is adjusted for the increased lean content of each cut by an additive or multiplicative model, apparent value was further increased to 5.7 or 8.1%. While these results suggest a beneficial effect on carcass merit when rearing hogs in outdoor facilities, they further suggest potential benefits to carcass grading using developing technologies that recognize differences in carcass conformation. Key words: Animal ethics, Landrace, carcass value, housing systems

scholarly journals Feedlot performance, carcass composition and pork quality from entire male and female Landrace and Large White market-weight pigs

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Sather ◽  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
S. Joyal
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Large White ◽  
Meat Quality Traits

A total of 80 pigs, representing Large White and Landrace boars and gilts were slaughtered at an average live weight of 92.3 kg (80.5 – 102.5 kg). Boars were housed in groups of five pigs per pen, and were individually fed to appetite twice daily for a period of 45 min. Gilts were housed in groups of 12 pigs per pen. The diet consisted of 21% crude protein with 3300 kcal kg−1 digestible energy. Carcasses were weighed on the slaughter floor and cooled at 1 °C for 24 h prior to dissection of the left side into fat, bone and lean. There were no significant breed-by-gender interactions for growth, carcass and meat quality traits. These pigs had low average backfat, when measured ultrasonically according to Canadian Swine Improvement Program standards on the live pig (gilts 12.3 mm, boars 10.1 mm), high average daily gain (ADG: gilts 880, boars 940 g d−1) and low age adjusted to 90 kg (gilts 148, boars 145 d). Large White boars had a lower feed conversion ratio (2.18 vs. 2.32, P = 0.015) and less feed intake per day (2.05 vs. 2.14 kg d−1P = 0.020) than did Landrace boars. There were no significant differences in dissected lean yield between breeds (P = 0.389) or genders (P = 0.148). However, gilts had greater carcass grade fat and greater lean depth measurements than did boars, such that both genders had a predicted lean yield of 51.8%. Gilts (40.8 cm2) had a larger (P < 0.001) longissimus dorsi area than boars (38.0 cm2). There were no breed effects on the lean content of the four major cuts (P = 0.20), but boars had less fat (P = 0.01) and more bone than gilts (P < 0.01). There were few consistent differences in subjective or objective meat quality traits (i.e. color, drip loss) among breeds or genders. Boars had muscle with greater moisture than gilts (P < 0.001) as well as softer fat (P = 0.016). Thus, it appears possible to produce pork of high quality from lean animals and that lean boars efficiently produce carcasses of equivalent yield and quality to carcasses produced by lean gilts. Key words: Swine, boar, carcass composition, meat quality, Landrace, Large White

scholarly journals Influence of Immunocastration on Slaughter Traits and Boar Taint Compounds in Pigs Originating from Three Different Terminal Sire Lines

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Ivona Djurkin Kušec ◽  
Emilija Cimerman ◽  
Martin Škrlep ◽  
Danijel Karolyi ◽  
Kristina Gvozdanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Cooking Loss ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Large White ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Terminal Sire

The aim of the research was to investigate the influence of terminal sire line (TSL) and male category (MC) on carcass and meat quality of commercial fatteners. The study was performed on 180 pigs originating from three terminal sire lines: A (Pietrain × Large White), B (pure Pietrain), and C (Pietrain × Duroc × Large White), being assigned to three groups according to MC: immunocastrates (IC, n = 60), surgical castrates (SC, n = 60) and entire males (EM, n = 60). TSL affected most of the carcass and meat quality traits, together with the androstenone concentration. At the same time, MC had a significant effect on fat thickness, ham circumference, drip loss, cooking loss and androstenone and skatole concentrations. A significant interaction effect was observed for carcass length and ham circumference, as well as for most of the measured meat quality traits (except cooking loss, CIE L*, CIE b*, and Warner Bratzler Shear Force (WBSF)). Among the three investigated sire lines, immunocastration was shown to be most beneficial for fatteners sired by the TSL C. However, if deciding to raise EM, fatteners from the TSL B are recommended in terms of carcass and meat quality, although strategies for avoiding boar taint in their carcasses must be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Carcass Composition, Meat Quality and Sensory Quality of Gentile di Puglia Light Lambs: Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Oregano and Linseed

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Scarpa ◽  
Simona Tarricone ◽  
Marco Ragni
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

There is a growing demand by the modern consumer for meat containing less fat and lower levels of saturated fatty acids, which are considered to increase the risk of coronary heart disease. In southern Italy, the Gentile di Puglia breed is one of the most common on farms, and the light lambs are often consumed. The study evaluates the effect of a diet containing extruded linseed (Linum usitatissimum) on growth performances, carcass traits, and meat quality in Gentile di Puglia light lambs. Thirty-six male lambs are weaned at about 20 days of age, and divided into three groups—each group is either fed a control diet (C), a diet containing 3% extruded linseed (L), or a diet containing 3% extruded linseed and 0.6% oregano (Origanum vulgare) (L + O). The lambs’ growth performances and the slaughtering and dissection data did not differ between groups. Dietary treatments have no significant effect on the quality and chemical composition of Longissimus lumborum (Ll). The mount of linoleic acid in Ll meat is significantly higher in the L group, and this positively affected the total content of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid, as well as the n-6/n-3 ratio. The good results obtained concerning the sensory traits meet the requirements of the market’s consumer.

Carcass composition and meat quality of kids fed sunflower oil supplemented diet

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Marinova ◽  
V Banskalieva ◽  
S Alexandrov ◽  
V Tzvetkova ◽  
H Stanchev
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Carcass Composition

An evaluation of beef carcass quality 1. The influence of cereal feeding on the growth and carcass quality of Friesian steers

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Hinks ◽  
J. H. D. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Tasting Panel

SUMMARYTwenty-four Friesian steers, initially 5 months of age, were involved in a 2 × 2 factorial experiment which spanned grazing and silage feeding periods of 22 weeks' duration. In the first period, cattle were stocked at a uniformly high density, with half of the group being fed 1·25 kg/head per day of supplementary barley. In the second period, the cattle were subdivided into four groups and fed varying levels of barley with silage. Finally all the animals received 3·65 kg/head per day of barley. Replicates of the four treatments were slaughtered at random after 5 to 11 weeks on this treatment. Whilst supplementary cereal feeding significantly increased the live-weight gains of steers at grass by 11%, this live-weight advantage was offset by their slower gains in the final weeks before slaughter. Feeding cereals to grazing cattle had little effect on carcass composition or the proportions of carcass joints, but their beef was considered, by a tasting panel, to be more tender than the meat from the control steers.Increasing the level of barley fed with silage only increased live-weight gains by 2%, and had little effect on carcass or meat quality.

scholarly journals Meat quality of crossbred bulls fed with sorghum silage or sugar cane and slaughtered at two levels of fat thickness

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivanor Nunes do Prado ◽  
Danielli Maggioni ◽  
José Jorge dos Santos Abrahão ◽  
Maribel Velandia Valero ◽  
Rodolpho Martin do Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Sorghum Silage
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