Evaluation of Canadian barley breeding lines for Fusarium head blight resistance

He, X., Osman, M., Helm, J., Capettini, F. and Singh, P. K. 2015. Evaluation of Canadian barley breeding lines for Fusarium head blight resistance. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 923–929. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a major challenge to the successful production of barley in Canada, as well as for end-users such as the malting and brewing industries. Due to the quantitative inheritance of FHB resistance, continuous effort is required to identify breeding lines with improved FHB resistance and incorporate them into crossing schemes to enhance FHB resistance. In the present study, 402 advanced breeding lines from Alberta, Canada, were evaluated in the FHB screening nursery at CIMMYT, Mexico. In 2011 and 2012, FHB incidence was measured on a scale of 1 to 4 to eliminate the most susceptible lines. In 2013 and 2014, 181 lines with the lowest disease scores in the previous 2 yr were tested in replicated experiments for field FHB index, Fusarium-damaged kernels, and deoxynivalenol content. Agronomic and morphological traits, specifically days to heading, plant height, and row and hull types were also evaluated in relations to FHB parameters. Correlation coefficients among the three FHB parameters in both 2013 and 2014 were all significant at P<0.0001, ranging from 0.36 to 0.63. Additional correlation analysis showed that late-maturing, tall, and two-row lines tended to have lower disease, whereas hull type did not show a significant correlation with FHB. Several lines with high and stable FHB resistance similar to that of the resistant checks were identified. These could be used in breeding programs as resistance sources or be registered as new cultivars if their overall attributes meet commercial standards.

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Epigenetic regulation of gene expression improves Fusarium head blight resistance in durum wheat

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-73521-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jitendra Kumar ◽

Krishan M. Rai ◽

Seyedmostafa Pirseyedi ◽

Elias M. Elias ◽

Steven Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽

Mapk Signaling ◽

Head Blight ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Plant Pathogen Interaction ◽

Fhb Resistance ◽

Parental Lines

Abstract Eight advanced durum-breeding lines were treated with 5-methyl-azacytidine to test the feasibility of generating sources of Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance. Of the 800 treated seeds, 415 germinated and were advanced up to four (M4) generations by selfing. Thirty-two of the resulting 415 M4 lines were selected following preliminary screening and were further tested for FHB resistance for three years at two field locations, and in the greenhouse. Five of the 32 M4 lines showed less than 30% disease severity, as compared to the parental lines and susceptible checks. Fusarium-damaged kernels and deoxynivalenol analyses supported the findings of the field and greenhouse disease assessments. Two of the most resistant M4 lines were crossed to a susceptible parent, advanced to third generation (BC1:F3) and were tested for stability and inheritance of the resistance. About, one third of the BC1:F3 lines showed FHB resistance similar to their M4 parents. The overall methylation levels (%) were compared using FASTmC method, which did not show a significant difference between M4 and parental lines. However, transcriptome analysis of one M4 line revealed significant number of differentially expressed genes related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, MAPK signaling, photosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and plant-pathogen interaction pathways, which may have helped in improved FHB resistance.

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Introgression breeding - Effects and side effects of marker-based introduction of two non-adapted QTL for Fusarium head blight resistance into elite wheat

Plant Breeding and Seed Science ◽

10.2478/v10129-011-0041-y ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 129-136

Author(s):

T. Miedaner ◽

C. von der Ohe ◽

V. Korzun ◽

E. Ebmeyer

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽

Blight Resistance ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Head Blight ◽

Introgression Breeding ◽

Fhb Resistance

Introgression breeding - Effects and side effects of marker-based introduction of two non-adaptedQTLfor Fusarium head blight resistance into elite wheatFusarium head blight resistance (FHB) can be achieved by using improved adapted varieties as crossing partners or by a marker-assisted introgression of mapped QTL from non-adapted sources. In this long-term studyFhb1on chromosome 3BS andQfhs.ifa-5Alocated on chromosome 5A were introgressed into European elite spring and winter wheat to test effects on FHB resistance and side effects on agronomic performance andF. graminearumisolates and mixtures. The introgression of the QTLFhb1andQfhs.ifa-5Afrom the Sumai 3-descendant CM82036 could be performed in the shortest possible way by marker-assisted backcrossing. They were both validated in European elite wheat background. Effects on FHB resistance were, on average, only about half of the effect in the original mapping populations. In the best phenotypically and marker-selected BC0line of spring wheat FHB was reduced from 40 to 4.3% of disease symptoms by introgressing both QTL, in the best BC3line of winter wheat the reduction was 28 and 37% for the moderately resistant and highly susceptible recurrent parent, respectively. Introgression of both QTL simultaneously did not result in significantly higher FHB resistance than introgression of only one of both QTL. Small significant negative effects on grain yield were detected in the Anthus but not in the Opus BC3F2:5backcross population when both QTL were introgressed. Backcrossing with onlyQfhs.ifa-5Adid not reduce grain yield significantly. Differences in heading date, plant height and quality traits were in all cases small although often significant. Selection of lines with improved resistance level and similar high yield level like the recurrent parent was feasible. Stability of FHB resistance mediated by both QTL was stable across 22Fusariumisolates from Europe and Canada and six binary mixtures. Competition effects between isolates in mixtures were obvious but could not be attributed to the resistance of the host. In conclusion, marker-based backcrossing is a feasible option for introgressingFhb1orQfhs.ifa-5AQTL into the high-yielding, quality-oriented European wheat gene pool.

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A different path to the summit of Fusarium Head Blight resistance in wheat: developing germplasm with a systemic approach

Plant Breeding and Seed Science ◽

10.2478/v10129-011-0014-1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 39-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Comeau ◽

F. Langevin ◽

V. Caetano ◽

S. Haber ◽

M. Savard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽

Full Range ◽

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽

Systemic Approach ◽

Raw Material ◽

Blight Resistance ◽

Head Blight ◽

Fhb Resistance ◽

Sumai 3

A different path to the summit of Fusarium Head Blight resistance in wheat: developing germplasm with a systemic approach In pursuing FHB resistance in wheat, 30 years of conventional breeding efforts in Eastern Canada have brought some progress. Substantial investment and the application in recent years of marker-assisted selection have to date, however, failed to produce agronomic lines that resist FHB as well as Sumai 3. We present here an alternative path, described as the systemic approach. Rather than seeking to introgress specific putative resistance genes, it subjects target germplasm to regimes of repeated cycles of multiple, interacting (biotic and abiotic) stresses in which desirable traits - not always adequately expressed in parental lines - are identified and selected. How can such a seemingly counterintuitive process work? The systemic approach views desired resistance as arising from the interactions of complex regulation mechanisms mediating how a host responds when a pathogen attacks. These constituents of resistance should thus not always be understood simply as discrete Mendelian units. In repeated rounds of selection, the systemic approach captures those rare individuals that embody optimal interactions of traits, and advances them as founders of lines that resist FHB more effectively than if selection focused on FHB alone. In Quebec, we have chosen to select wheat populations under combined pressure from barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection and FHB. Resistance to FHB and tolerance of BYDV are quantitative traits that interact. BYD increases both the direct losses from FHB and the production of mycotoxins. Selection under virus pressure, therefore, helps identify those individuals which express FHB resistance more effectively. Moreover, the correlates of virus tolerance (physiological efficiency, generalized stress tolerance and yield) point to those plants with better root traits, ability to produce biomass and yield stability. Together with numerous secondary criteria, such selection eliminates all but a few ‘winners’ in each round. Seen from a systemic perspective, the difficulty of identifying good progeny among descendants of crosses with Sumai 3 does not surprise. Deleterious linkages, pleiotropy and epistasis will usually combine in far from optimal expressions of the assembled genetic information. The systemic approach, by contrast, identifies in repeated cycles increasingly optimized expressions of genes, allowing all potential sources of resistance to be explored. Thus resistant lines can readily be derived from the crosses of susceptible parents, an objective rarely sought in conventional, focused approaches. Moreover, wheat plants respond to the systemic approach's powerful stresses with enhanced epigenetic variation, raw material from which broader ranges of heritable traits can be selected. Germplasm that expresses a full range of attractive traits while resisting FHB as effectively as Sumai 3 can now be shown to be much more abundant than previously imagined. Perhaps this promise will entice more wheat workers to try a systemic approach.

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The effect of 3BS locus of Sumai 3 on Fusarium head blight resistance in Australian wheats

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea05250 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 603 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

G. Q. Xie ◽

M. C. Zhang ◽

S. Chakraborty ◽

C. J. Liu

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

Head Blight ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Backcross Populations ◽

Australian Wheat ◽

Fhb Resistance ◽

Sumai 3

The 3BS allele of Sumai 3 has been the main source of Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance worldwide. Using molecular markers and FHB resistance screenings, we have analysed the effects of this allele in two backcross and two 4-way F2 populations derived from elite Australian cultivars. Compared to individuals without the Sumai 3 allele, individuals with the allele showed an average 32.0% reduction in FHB severity as measured by number of diseased spikelets. This value was slightly reduced to 29.2% when the total number of spikelets was taken into account by expressing severity as the proportion of diseased spikelets. When compared to the parental cultivars, progeny with the 3BS allele of Sumai 3 offered, on average, 43.3% reduction in FHB severity. Significant differences were not detected between progeny that were homozygous or heterozygous for the 3BS locus, indicating a dominant inheritance of this locus. These results confirm that the 3BS allele controls a large component of the FHB resistance in Sumai 3, which can be readily incorporated and detected in backcross populations using molecular markers. The materials derived from this study could offer significant benefits to the Australian wheat breeding programs.

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