SELECTIVE CONTROL OF CANADA THISTLE IN RAPESEED WITH 3,6-DICHLOROPICOLINIC ACID

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN ◽  
V. C. KOSSATZ
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Selective Control

Control of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense L. Scop.) topgrowth and regrowth, and tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. and Brassica napus L.) to 3,6-dichloropicolinic acid at 0.2–0.3 kg/ha were excellent in greenhouse and field trials. Rapeseed yields following postemergence treatment were increased in 12 of 17 trials conducted on infested farm fields.

CANADA THISTLE SUPPRESSION AND RAPESEED TOLERANCE WITH DICAMBA AND PICLORAM

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-977
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN ◽  
V. C. KOSSATZ
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Untreated Check

Field experiments were conducted over a number of years to determine the effectiveness for Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.) control and tolerance of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. and Brassica napus L.) to various rates of dicamba (0–140 g/ha) and picloram (0–110 g/ha). Dicamba at 70 g/ha and picloram at 20 g/ha provided about 60% and 50%, respectively, reduction in the dry weight of shoots of Canada thistle growing in Candle rapeseed. This degree of suppression did not result in increases in rapeseed yield over the untreated check. Flower formation in Canada thistle was prevented by all rates of dicamba and picloram tested. In tolerance experiments the yield of Candle rapeseed was not reduced with dicamba applied at rates up to 70 g/ha at the two-, four- or six-leaf stages, but yields were reduced at higher rates. Picloram applied at rates up to 70 g/ha did not reduce the yield of Candle rapeseed. Altex yields were reduced with 40 g/ha and higher rates and Regent yields were reduced with picloram applied at 70 g/ha at the six-leaf stage. The data indicate that dicamba at 70 g/ha and picloram at 20 g/ha may selectively suppress the growth of Canada thistle in rapeseed and reduce the spread of this weed through seed or vegetative means while maintaining some rapeseed yield from the treated areas of a field.Key words: Canada thistle control, canola, dicamba, picloram, rapeseed tolerance

Plot-to-plot, row-to-row and plant-to-plant outcrossing studies in oilseed rape

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Cuthbert ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Outcrossing Rate ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Herbicide Resistance Gene ◽  
Outcrossing Rates ◽  
Resistant Individual ◽  
Plant Trials

Unidirectional outcrossing rates were assessed between neighboring plots, rows (spaced 40, 80 and 120 cm apart) and plants of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown in simulated plant breeding field trials, using the transgenic dominant bromoxynil herbicide resistance gene as a marker. Bromoxynil susceptible (pollen recipient) plots, rows and plants were planted in the field and surrounded by bromoxynil-resistant plots, rows and plants, respectively. The field trials were conducted at Winnipeg, Carman, and Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, in 1996 and 1997. Seed produced on the susceptible plots and rows was harvested and then planted in the field the following year with all emerged seedlings sprayed at 750 g a.i. ha–1 bromoxynil to identify resistant individuals. Approximately 420 000 seedlings were screened in 1997 and 1998 with 23 816 resistant individuals identified, each resistant individual being the result of an outcrossing event. The overall mean plot-to-plot outcrossing rate was 4.0% (± 0.23). The overall mean row-to-row outcrossing rate was 9.5% (± 0.62) for the 40-cm row spacing, 5.6% (± 0.37) for the 80-cm row spacing and 3.9% (± 0.25) for the 120-cm row spacing. For the plant-to-plant trials, seed produced on the susceptible plants was harvested and then a sample was planted in the greenhouse with all emerged seedlings sprayed at 560 g a.i. ha–1 bromoxynil to identify resistant individuals. The overall mean plant-to-plant outcrossing rate was 21.0% (± 1.73). Outcrossing rates of this magnitude have significant implications for all oilseed rape breeding programs. Methods to minimize outcrossing are discussed. Key words: Brassica napus L., outcrossing rates, transgenic dominant bromoxynil resistance marker

ADAPTATION OF WINTER RAPESEED IN ONTARIO

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. BEAULIEU ◽  
D. J. HUME
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
First Year ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Winter Rapeseed

In order to determine regions of adaptation of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), field trials were planted at about 30 locations in Ontario in 1981 and 1982. Four cultivars were tested each year. Winter survival was poor in northern Ontario in both years, and along the north shore of Lake Erie in the first year. Over all sites, mean winter survival was 52%. At sites which did not completely winterkill, plant survival and yield averaged 70% and 2.38 t ha−1. Best winter rapeseed performance in Ontario occurred at well-drained sites with good winter snow cower and an absence of excessive flooding or cold temperatures in the spring. Cultivars did not differ in survival or yield in 1981–1982. The cultivar Jet Neuf had higher yields than the other cultivars in 1982–1983. There were differences in oil and protein content among the cultivars. The results suggest that winter rapeseed could become a viable crop in Ontario.Key words: Rapeseed (winter), Brassica napus, seed yield, winter survival, adaptation

A STUDY OF ERUCIC ACID ALLELES IN DIGENOMIC RAPESEED (Brassica napus L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. ANAND ◽  
R. K. DOWNEY
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Brassica Crops

Five genes have been identified in Brassica crops which control the level of synthesis of the fatty acid, erucic, in their seed oils. These genes, designated e, Ea, Eb, Ec, and Ed, act in an additive manner and result in erucic acid levels of < 1, 10, 15, 30 and 3.5, respectively. No direct evidence has yet been obtained to show that these genes are true alleles. Selected plants of the amphidiploid species Brassica napus L. with erucic acid contents of 7–8% and a genotype of EdEdee were reciprocally crossed with selected plants with erucic acid levels of [Formula: see text] and a genotype of Eaeee. Fatty acid analysis of F1 and backcross seed demonstrated that the genes Ed and Ea in the parents used were in the same genome and were truly allelic. Interspecific crosses were made between these B. napus parents and selected zero erucic acid plants of Brassica campestris L. (genotype "ee") to determine whether the genes Ed and Ea resided in the oleracea or the campestris genome of B. napus parents. Fatty acid analysis of F1 and backcross seed from these interspecific crosses suggest that the alleles of Ed and Ea are located on chromosomes of the oleracea genome.

Species and varietal differences in the proteins of rapeseed

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Finlayson ◽  
R. S. Bhatty ◽  
C. M. Christ
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Sulfur Deficiency ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Two proteins, previously described by the authors as BI (S020, buffer 12 S) and AIVS (S020, w 1.7 S) have been isolated from eight varieties of rapeseed belonging to Brassica campestris L. and Brassica napus L. species. These proteins have similar chromatographic and electrophoretic characteristics but differ in amino acid composition, particularly with regard to the sulfur-containing amino acids. One of the rapeseed samples was obtained from plants grown on sulfur-deficient soil. The sulfur deficiency produced, in the mature seed, a much reduced protein content and appeared to affect the structure of the protein BI.

Bentazon for Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Control in Peppermint (Mentha piperita)

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Brewster ◽  
C. E. Stanger
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Original Number ◽  
Repeated Applications ◽  
Better Than

Field trials conducted in the three major peppermint-producing regions of Oregon showed that repeated applications of bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] at 2.2 kg/ha controlled Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense(L.) Scop.] in peppermint (Mentha piperitaL.) selectively. Repeat applications of 2.2 kg/ha controlled Canada thistle better than single applications of 3.4, 4.5, or 6.7 kg/ha. Late May or June applications were more effective than early May applications. The number of Canada thistle shoots was reduced 82% 10 months after repeat applications but had almost returned to the original number 22 months after application. Basipetal translocation of bentazon was demonstrated by observing bentazon injury symptoms on untreated Canada thistle shoots which were attached by a root to bentazon-treated shoots.

scholarly journals INTRA-PLANT VARIATION IN NUMBER OF SEEDS PER POD AND SEED WEIGHT IN BRASSICA NAPUS ’TOWER’

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 959-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. CLARKE
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Lower Branch ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Plant Variation ◽  
Developing Seeds ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Field trials were conducted at Saskatoon in 1976, and at Swift Current in 1977, to investigate intra-plant variation in number of seeds per pod and seed weight in Brassica napus L. ’Tower’. Number of pods was greatest on the main raceme, least on the lowest branch. Seed number per pod was also highest on the main raceme, as was seed weight. In 1976, number of seeds per pod and seed weight were higher in pods from the lower half of the main raceme than from those on the upper half. A study of the trends in number of seeds per pod between the end of flowering and maturity revealed a general decline in number of seeds per pod and an increase in the number of aborted seeds at the lower branch positions. At the end of flowering, pods from all branch positions had equal numbers of developing seeds.

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