SOIL ACIDITY IN RELATION TO SOIL PROPERTIES AND LIME REQUIREMENT

The nature and components of acidity in a group of 20 Saskatchewan soils (pH 5.0–5.8) were investigated. KCl-exchangeable acidity was very low (0.3–2.2 mmol(+)∙kg−1) in all soils. Titratable acidity, determined as the difference between effective CEC and buffered (at pH 8.1) CEC, ranged from 9 to 191 mmol(+)∙kg−1 and constituted about 99% of the total acidity in the soils examined. Titratable acidity was highly correlated with organic carbon (r = 0.83) and with Al extracted using citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate (r = 0.95), potassium pyrophosphate (r = 0.92) and pH 4.8 ammonium acetate (r = 0.79). The combination of organic carbon and citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate-extractable Al accounted for 96% of the variation in titratable acidity. Although lime requirement determined by the Shoemaker-Mc-Lean-Pratt procedure was very highly correlated with titratable acidity (r = 0.98), the data show that the estimated amount of lime to raise soil pH to 6.8 actually exceeded the total (titratable plus exchangeable) acidity in 19 of the 20 soils. Key words: Extractable Al, organic matter, SMP buffer, cation exchange capacity

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Exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity of forest soil samples: Effects of drying, storage, and horizon

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss94-055 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 421-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Wietse L. Meyer ◽

Paul A. Arp

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Cation Exchange ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Storage Time ◽

Ammonium Acetate ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Storage Effects ◽

And Storage ◽

Extractable Al

Concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, and Si extractable with 1 N ammonium chloride (NH4Cl, pH 4.5) and 1 N ammonium acetate (NH4OAc, pH 4.5) were determined for forest soil samples as follows: (1) before drying, and (2) at several time intervals after air-drying (1, 5, 11 and 14 wk). Values for CEC were obtained for the same samples by determining (1) the sum of cations (Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Fe3+, and Mn2+) in the extracts [denoted [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]], and (2) the amount of ammonium retained by the soil samples against water washing [denoted CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC (NH4Cl)]. The soils used in this investigation were taken from four New Brunswick upland forest sites (two sugar maple sites, one mixed wood site, and one spruce site). It was round that (1) extractable Mg, K, Na, and Mn levels were generally not affected by drying, storing, and type of extradant; (2) extractable Al and Fe levels increased immediately after drying; (3) NH4OAc-extracted Al, Fe, and Si exceeded NH4Cl-extracted Al, Fe, and Si; (4) extracted Al and Fe levels tended to drop after 11 wk of storage; (5) small drying effects were also noticed for NH4Cl-extracted Ca; (6) CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl) values decreased with increasing time of storage; this effect was noticed most for soil samples with high levels of organic matter (Ah, Ahe, Bm, Bf, and Bfh), and was noticed least for sod samples taken from leached horizons (Ae) and subsoil horizons (BC and C); (7) in some cases, storage time increased CEC(NH4OAc) in subsoils; (8) values for [Formula: see text] remained fairly independent or increased slightly with storage time and were closely related with CEC(NH4Cl) values obtained with non-dried samples; (9) values for [Formula: see text] did not relate well with CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl). Differences for extractable Al were likely due to Al complexation by acetate ions. Drying effects on extractable Al and Fe (and possibly Ca) were likely due to drying-induced fragmentation of soil organic matter. Drying and storage effects on CEC(NH4OAc) and CEC(NH4Cl) were likely due to (1) water-washing and related loss of organic matter, and (2) sensitivity of subsoil minerals to air exposure. Apparent drying and storage effects on CEC were most noted with [Formula: see text] and were least noted with [Formula: see text]. Key words: Cation exchange capacity, ion exchange, drying, storage, ammonium acetate, ammonium chloride extractions

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Estimation of cation-exchange capacity in routine soil testing

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72214 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Raina Niskanen ◽

Antti Jaakkola

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Cation Exchange ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Ammonium Acetate ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Regression Equation ◽

Soil Testing ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Exchangeable Ca

The efficiency of the soil testing method used in Finland for predicting the effective cation-exchange capacity was studied in a material of 430 topsoil samples. The effective cation-exchange capacity was estimated 1) by summation of exchangeable Ca, Mg and acidity displaced by unbuffered 1 M KCI and 2) by summation of exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and Na displaced by neutral 1 M ammonium acetate and exchangeable acidity. In soil testing, Ca, Mg and K were extracted by acid ammonium acetate and soil pH measured in water-suspension. The estimates of the effective CEC were highly correlated and dependent on the clay and organic carbon content and pH(CaCl2) of the soil, the coefficient of multiple determination being over 80 %. Exchangeable Ca was the dominating cation. The proportion of Ca of the effective CEC was about 80 %. Acid ammonium acetate-extractable Ca together with pH(H2O) explained over 80 % of the variation in the effective CEC. For the whole material consisting of mineral soils with great variations in texture, organic carbon content and properties under evaluation, the regression equation predicting the effective CEC (KCI method) was CEC (mval/kg) = 309—56.8pH(H2O) + 0.085Ca(mg/l). Only 16 % of the estimates of the effective CEC calculated with this regression equation deviated more than 15 % from the measured values.

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Effect of liming on the magnesium status of some mineral soils and on the fate of fertilizer magnesium

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72064 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 126-137

Author(s):

Raili Jokinen

Keyword(s):

Cation Exchange ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Ammonium Acetate ◽

Magnesium Content ◽

Relative Increase ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Magnesium Status ◽

Mineral Soils ◽

Extractable Al

Nine mineral soils were incubated in laboratory without lime (Ca0) or limed (Ca1) with calcium carbonate (lab.reag.), and without magnesium fertilizer (Mg0) or fertilized with MgSO4*7H20 (Mg1 = 4 mg/100 g soil Mg). The incubation covered a period of seven weeks in aerobic conditions at constant 20 °C temperature. The relative increase in the effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) caused by liming seemed to be in coarse mineral soils greater than in clay soils. The differences in pH (CaCl2) values between soil types was not so evident. In seven soils of the nine, liming decreased the 0,01 M CaCl2 extractable magnesium content more than in 1 M KCI or in 1 M neutral ammonium acetate extractable magnesium contents. The limed soils contained ammonium acetate extractable magnesium 2—24 % less than the unlimed soils. The decrease in magnesium content was greatest in acid muddy silt (Littorina soil) and in acid silty clay. Without lime the I M KCI extractable (Al+H) contents of these soils were 6,6 and 2,2 me/100 g soil and pH (CaCl2) 3,9 and 4,5, respectively. In finesand soils liming seemed to increase the magnesium content although not significantly. In limed soils 17—73 %of the fertilizer magnesium was extractable in 0,01 M CaCl2, 67—100 % extractable in 1 M KCI and 57—100 % extractable in 1 M neutral ammonium acetate. The equivalent ratio of exchangeable (1 M ammonium acetate, pH 7) calcium to magnesium in the soils may give pointers to the choice of liming agents, especially in the liming of low cation exchange capacity soils.

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EVALUASI PERUBAHAN KUALITAS TANAH PADA LAHAN BEKAS PENAMBANGAN NIKEL DI PULAU GEBE

Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan ◽

10.29122/jrl.v4i1.1849 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mardi Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Cation Exchange ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Mining Activity ◽

Evaluation Activity ◽

Land Quality ◽

Environment Quality

Since year 1977 until 2005, PT. ANTAM has been exploited nickel ore resources at Gebe Island – Center ofHalmahera District – North Maluku Province. Mining activity, beside give economically advantages also causedegradation of environment quality espicially land quality. Therefore, it need evaluation activity for change ofland quality at Gebe Island after mining activity.From chemical rehabilitation aspect, post mining land and rehabilitation land indacate very lack and lackfertility (base saturated 45,87 – 99,6%; cation exchange capacity 9,43 – 12,43%; Organic Carbon 1,12 –2,31%). From availability of nutrirnt element aspect, post mining land and rehabilitation land indicate verylack and lack fertility (nitrogen 0,1 – 1,19%). Base on that data, it can be concluded that land reclamationactivity not yet achieve standart condition of chemical land.Key words : land quality, post mining lan

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Effect of termite activity on soil under different land management strategies

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n1p143 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 143

Author(s):

Liane Barreto Alves Pinheiro ◽

Rodrigo Camara ◽

Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽

Eduardo Lima ◽

Maria Elizabeth Fernandes Correia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Clay Content ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Termite Mounds ◽

Eucalyptus Plantation ◽

Exchangeable Acidity ◽

Calcium And Magnesium ◽

Surrounding Soil

Mound-building termites are important agents of soil bioperturbation, but these species have not been extensively studied thus far. The present study aimed to evaluate the soil particle-size and the chemical attributes of termite mounds and the surrounding soil under different land use strategies. A one-hectare plot was defined for an unmanaged degraded pasture, planted pasture, and for a eucalyptus Corymbia citriodora plantation. In each plot, the top, center, and base sections of five Cornitermes cumulans mounds, and the surrounding soil at the depths of 0-5; 5-10; 10-20 cm, were sampled in the Pinheiral, Rio de Janeiro state. In the three areas, the center of the mounds contained higher clay content, organic carbon, phosphorous, calcium and magnesium, total bases, and cation exchangeable capacity, when compared to the top, base, and the surrounding soils. However, the center had lower values of exchangeable acidity and potassium, of the three areas. In the eucalyptus plantation, the values of pH, total bases, calcium, and magnesium were lower, whereas aluminum, exchangeable acidity, sodium, and cation exchange capacity were higher both in the mounds and in the surrounding soil, in relation to the pastures. There were no differences among the three areas in terms of organic carbon, potassium, phosphorous, and total bases, in the mounds and adjacent soil. Thus, the termite activity altered the clay content and most of the soil chemical properties in all of the studied areas, but only for the center of the mounds. However, the effect of these organisms was different in the eucalyptus plantation in relation to the pasture areas.

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Spatial variability of fertility status in soils of Dima Hasao district of Assam

ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH ◽

10.47815/apsr.2021.10086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 368-374

Author(s):

A. BASUMATARY ◽

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Cation Exchange ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Critical Limit ◽

Available Nitrogen ◽

Cu Content ◽

Fertility Status ◽

High Organic Carbon Content

Two hundred fifty geo-referenced surfaces (0-15 cm) soil samples were collected and analysed for macronutrients and micronutrients to study fertility status in soils of Dima Hasao district of Assam and their relationship with some important soil properties. Soils of the district were found to be extremely acidic to slightly acidic in reaction with a low to high organic carbon content and low in cation exchange capacity. The soil of the district indicated that the available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium status was observed to the tune of 14.0 %,7.2% and 67.2% under low and 86.0 %, 92.8 % and 32.8 %under medium categories, respectively. The overall percent deficient of exchangeable calcium, magnesium and available sulphur in soils was 25.6, 30.4 and 6.8 %, respectively. Based on critical limit, all soils were adequately supplied with DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn and Cu content. In respect of zinc and boron, soils exhibited 90.4 and 73 per cent under sufficient, while, 2.4 and 12 per cent were found deficient in DTPA -Zn and HWS-B, respectively. Soil pH and EC showed positive correlation with macro nutrients and negative correlation with micronutrients. The macro- and micronutrient showed significant positive relation with soil organic carbon and cation exchange capacity.

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Crop Response to Soil Acidity Factors in Ultisols and Oxisols in Puerto Rico X1. Cassava.

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v69i2.7337 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

pp. 145-151

Author(s):

Edmundo Rivera ◽

Fernando Abruña ◽

José Rodríguez

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Manihot Esculenta ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽

Cassava Leaves ◽

Exchangeable Al ◽

Decreasing Ph ◽

The Tropics

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), one of the major sources of carbohydrates throughout the tropics, was found to be very tolerant to high soil acidity in two Ultisols and one Oxisol. About 85% of maximum yields were obtained when Al saturation of the effective cation exchange capacity of the soil was around 60%, but highest yields were attained at about pH 5.3 with no exchangeable Al. Soil acidity factors did not affect the chemical composition of the cassava leaves, except for Mn, which increased with decreasing pH of the Oxisol. Tolerance of cassava to soil acidity was also confirmed by the fact that yields of 12 commercial varieties were not affected by Al saturation levels varying from 0 to 60% in an Ultisol.

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Crop Response to Soil Acidity Factors in Ultisols and Oxisols in Puerto Rico. XII. Tomatoes

The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico ◽

10.46429/jaupr.v69i3.7362 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 357-365

Author(s):

Edmundo Rivera ◽

José Rodríguez ◽

Fernando Abruña

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Cation Exchange ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Crop Response ◽

Exchangeable Al

The effect of acidity factors of two Ultisols and one Oxisol on yield and foliar composition of tomatoes was determined. Yields were not markedly reduced by acidity in the Ultisols until pH dropped to around 4.6 with 45% Al saturation of the cation exchange capacity (CEC), and no yield was produced at about pH 4.1 and 80% Al saturation. In the Oxisol, tomato yields dropped steadily from 39.7 t/ha, when there was no exchangeable AI, to 17.5 t/ha at the highest level of acidity, pH 4.4 and 43% AI saturation. In all soils, yields were closely correlated with soil pH, exchangeable Al and Ca and Al/Ca.

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