SELECTION FOR CAPTAN TOLERANCE IN THE Rhizobium phaseoli-Phaseolus vulgaris L. N2-FIXING SYMBIOSIS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. RENNIE
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Treated Seed ◽  
Environment Chamber ◽  
Symbiotic Properties

Application of the seed-applied fungicides captan, DL-Plus, Evershield, thiram and Metalaxyl reduced nodulation in the field bean cultivar Lancer (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the field. Captan, Evershield, B3 and Thiram also lowered the acetylene reducing activity under the same conditions. Captan, DL-Plus, and B3 resulted in significant yield reductions of field bean inoculated with commercial multi-strain rhizobial inoculant. Since captan or captan-containing fungicides were the most potent inhibitors of symbiotic N2 fixation in field bean, spontaneous mutants of Rhizobium phaseoli strains 3644 and 8215 were selected on the basis of ability to grow in microbial medium containing 100 ppm of Captan 50 W. Controlled environment chamber and field evaluations indicated that all mutants were less sensitive to commercial rates of Captan 50 W (2.0 g per kilogram seed) than either parent strain or commercial multi-strain inoculant. Inoculation of captan-treated seed with these mutants 24 h prior to seeding did not affect nitrogenase activity or yield. Assessment of the effect of captan on the N2-fixing symbiosis and the captan tolerance of R. phaseoli strains by the acetylene reduction assay or 15N isotope dilution at levels of 15N natural abundance gave similar results. The existence of mutants of R. phaseoli tolerant to seed-applied captan but unaltered in symbiotic properties makes the combined use of captan as a seed protectant and seed-applied rhizobial inoculation fully compatible. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., Rhizobium phaseoli, captan, N2 fixation, 15N isotope dilution, acetylene reduction

GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHITE BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) IN RESPONSE TO NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZER AND TO INOCULATION WITH Rhizobium

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. BUTTERY ◽  
S. J. PARK ◽  
W. I. FINDLAY
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Second Year

Two white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars grown for 2 yr on test plots of a long-term fertilizer trial showed a significant response to nitrate in the first year and in the 2 yr combined but not in the second year on its own. Yield in the second year was about half of that in the first year, possibly because of water stress. Bean yield was lowest in the zero nitrate, about equally high for 112 and 224 kg N ha−1, but somewhat lower at 336 kg N ha−1. Annual application of potassium and phosphorus (compared to no application for 12 yr) did not affect bean yield, but increased plant dry weight after 24 d in 1984 and the 2 yr combined, after 38 d in 1984 and after 52 d in 1983 and also increased the number of days to maturity. Nitrate effects on the dry weights of samples taken during the growing season were similar to those for bean yield. Acetylene reduction rates (first year) and nodule weights were highest in zero N and declined to very low values at 336 kg N ha−1. Acetylene reduction rate per plant reached a maximum value early in the season and declined to low values before bean filling was complete. Rhizobium inoculation had no discernible effects on dry weights or yield, but a small significant effect on days to maturity. We conclude that these white bean cultivars are unable to fix sufficient nitrogen to produce maximum yield.Key words: Field bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, nitrogen, Rhizobium

OAC RICO FIELD BEAN

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. BEVERSDORF
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Science Department ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Alpha Beta

OAC Rico, a backcross-derived anthracnose-resistant cultivar of field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) similar in agronomic performance to Ex Rico 23, was developed by the Crop Science Department, University of Guelph. OAC Rico carries the Are gene that confers resistance to alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, gamma, and lambda races of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. and Magn.) Briosi and Cav.).Key words: Cultivar description, anthracnose resistant, bean (white)

CONTRIBUTION OF N2 FIXATION TO FIELD BEAN AND PEA N UPTAKE OVER THE GROWING SEASON UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. N. KUCEY
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Southern Alberta

Dinitrogen fixation with field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'GN1140') and pea (Pisum sativum L. 'Trapper') over the growing season under field conditions was determined using 15N isotope dilution methods. Levels of N2 fixation were low during the early part of the growing season for both bean and pea, and increased later in the growing season. At physiological maturity, GN1140 fixed over 91 kg N ha−1, contributing between 60 and 90% of the N in the bean plants. Pea fixed 117 kg N ha−1, which constituted a maximum of 57% of the pea plant N. More N was contained in the bean and pea pods than was fixed over the growing season. Key words: Bean (field), pea, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, 15N dilution

Nodulation of Phaseolus vulgaris L. as affected by Rhizobium phaseoli growth phase

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Boiardi ◽  
M. L. Galar
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Stationary Phases ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Exponential Phase ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
The Difference

The influence of culture age and of growth rate on the nodulation ability of strain F 45 str. Rhizobium phaseoli was studied. Roots of Phaseolus vulgaris L., grown in pouches, were infected with rhizobial suspensions (about 1 × 105 cells/root) taken from different batch cultures at different growth phases. After 24 h the free bacterial population was inhibited by adding tetracycline to the rooting medium. Nodules were counted 15–20 days after inoculation. More nodulation was obtained with rhizobia from early, mid, or late exponential phase than from lag or stationary phases. Differences in nodulation obtained had no correlation to the root attachment capacity of the cells nor to the rhizobial binding to Phaseolus vulgaris L. seed lectin. Bacterial attachment to bean roots was maximal with stationary phase bacteria, while lectin binding reached its maximal value with early exponential phase rhizobia, being very low with mid exponential phase cells. These results suggested that the difference in nodulation achieved with Rhizobium phaseoli at different growth phases could be caused by a step of the infection process not related to early (1 h) microbial attachment to roots nor to bacterial binding to Phaseolus vulgaris L. lectin.

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