scholarly journals Proclination-induced changes in the labial cortical bone thickness of lower incisors

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 (02) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
D. Filipova ◽  
T. Dostalova ◽  
V. Filipi ◽  
M. Kaminek
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Lower Incisors

scholarly journals Dentoalveolar Evaluation of Lower Incisors by CBCT after Treatment with Herbst Appliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Gerszewski ◽  
Francielle Topolski ◽  
Gisele M. Correr ◽  
Rodrigo A. P. Gomes ◽  
Nathaly D. Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Anterior Region ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Class Ii Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Incisors

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Herbst appliance on the proclination and protrusion of the lower incisors, and to verify if the device causes alveolar bone loss in the anterior region of the mandible. This is a retrospective study. The sample consisted of 35 individuals. The treatment group consisted of 22 individuals (8 girls and 14 boys; initial mean age of 8.2 years) who used the Cantilever Herbst appliance for a period of 12 months. The control group consisted of 13 individuals (3 girls and 10 boys; initial mean age of 8.9 years) who received no treatment and were followed up for a period of approximately 18 months. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were performed at the beginning and at the end of the observational period. The medullary bone thickness (MT), buccal cortical bone thickness (BCT), lingual cortical bone thickness (LCT), and lower incisors proclination and protrusion were evaluated. Data were submitted to statistical analysis (ANCOVA and Student’s t-test) with a significance level of 5%. There was no significant difference in MT, BCT, LCT and incisor proclination between groups. Incisor proclination increased in the treated group with no statistical significance. The treatment group showed a significant increase in the protrusion of the incisors (p = 0.02). The Herbst appliance promoted a small proclination and protrusion of the lower incisors, without relevant clinical implications. The Herbst appliance did not cause bone loss in the anterior region of the mandible during Class II treatment.

The effect of cortical bone thickness on the primary stability of miniscrews, using CBCT (Cross-sectional clinical trial)

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 847-853
Author(s):  
Aly Osman ◽  
Ahmed Abdel Moneim ◽  
Nadia El Harouni ◽  
Mohamed Shokry
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness

scholarly journals POS1092 SUBCHONDRAL BONE NORMALIZATION AFTER KNEE JOINT DISTRACTION TREATMENT AS MEASURED WITH CT

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 825.2-826
Author(s):  
M. Jansen ◽  
A. Ooms ◽  
T. D. Turmezei ◽  
J. W. Mackay ◽  
S. Mastbergen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Trabecular Bone Density ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Shape Changes

Background:In addition to cartilage degeneration, knee osteoarthritis (OA) causes bone changes, including cortical bone thickening, subchondral bone density decrease, and bone shape changes as a result of widening and flattening condyles and osteophyte formation. Knee joint distraction (KJD) is a joint-preserving treatment for younger (<65 years) knee OA patients that has been shown to reverse OA cartilage degradation. On radiographs, KJD showed a decrease in subchondral bone density and an increase in osteophyte formation. However, these bone changes have never been evaluated with a 3D imaging technique.Objectives:To evaluate cortical bone thickness, subchondral trabecular bone density, and bone shape on CT scans before and one year after KJD treatment.Methods:19 KJD patients were included in an extended imaging protocol, undergoing a CT scan before and one year after treatment. Stradview v6.0 was used for semi-automatic tibia and femur segmentation from axial thin-slice (0.45mm) CT scans. Cortical bone thickness (mm) and trabecular bone density (Hounsfield units, HU) were measured with an automated algorithm. Osteophytes were excluded. Afterwards, wxRegSurf v18 was used for surface registration. Registration data was used for bone shape measurements. MATLAB R2020a and the SurfStat MATLAB package were used for data analysis and visualization. Two-tailed F-tests were used to calculate changes over time. Two separate linear regression models were used to show the influence of baseline Kellgren-Lawrence grade and sex on the changes over time. Statistical significance was calculated with statistical parametric mapping; a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Bone shape changes were explored visually using vertex by vertex displacements between baseline and follow-up. Patients were separated into two groups based on whether their most affected compartment (MAC) was medial or lateral. Only patients with axial CT scans at both time points available for analysis were included for evaluation.Results:3 Patients did not have complete CTs and in 1 patient the imaged femur was too short, leaving 16 patients for tibial analyses and 15 patients for femoral analyses. The MAC was predominantly the medial side (medial MAC n=14; lateral n=2). Before treatment, the MAC cortical bone was compared to the rest of the joint (Figure 1). One year after treatment, MAC cortical thickness decreased, although this decrease of up to approximately 0.25 mm was not statistically significant. The trabecular bone density was also higher before treatment in the MAC, and a decrease was seen throughout the entire joint, although statistically significant only for small areas on mostly the MAC where this decrease was up to approximately 80 HU (Figure 1). Female patients and patients with a higher Kellgren-Lawrence grade showed a somewhat larger decrease in cortical bone thickness. Trabecular density decreased less for patients with a higher Kellgren-Lawrence grade, and female patients showed a higher density decrease interiorly while male patients showed a higher decrease exteriorly. None of this was statistically significant. The central areas of both compartments showed an outward shape change, while the outer ring showed inward changes.Conclusion:MAC cortical bone thickness shows a partial decrease after KJD. Trabecular bone density decreased on both sides of the joint, likely as a direct result of the bicompartmental unloading. For both subchondral bone parameters, MAC values became more similar to the LAC, indicating (partial) subchondral bone normalization in the most affected parts of the joint. The bone shape changes may indicate a reversal of typical OA changes, although the inward difference that was seen on the outer edges may be a result of osteophyte-related changes that might have affected the bone segmentation. In conclusion, KJD treatment shows subchondral bone normalization in the first year after treatment, and longer follow-up might show whether these changes are a temporary result of joint unloading or indicate more prolonged bone changes.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

scholarly journals Effect of Cortical Bone Thickness on Detection of Intraosseous Lesions by Ultrasonography

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Adibi ◽  
Alireza Shakibafard ◽  
Zohreh Karimi Sarvestani ◽  
Najmeh Saadat ◽  
Leila Khojastepour
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Bony Lesion ◽  
Ultrasonic Assessment ◽  
Central Lesions ◽  
Made In

Background. Usefulness of ultrasound (US) in detection of intrabony lesions has been showed. A cortical bone perforation or a very thin and intact cortical bone is prerequisite for this purpose.Objective. The current in vitro study was aimed at measuring the cut-off thickness of the overlying cortical bone which allows ultrasonic assessment of bony defects.Materials and Methods. 20 bovine scapula blocks were obtained. Samples were numbered from 1 to 20. In each sample, 5 artificial lesions were made. The lesions were made in order to increase the overlying bone thickness, from 0.1 mm in the first sample to 2 mm in the last one (with 0.1 mm interval). After that, the samples underwent ultrasound examinations by two practicing radiologists.Results. All five lesions in samples numbered 1 to 11 were detected as hypoechoic area. Cortical bone thickness more than 1.1 mm resulted in a failure in the detection of central lesions.Conclusion. We can conclude that neither bony perforation nor very thin cortical bones are needed to consider US to be an effective imaging technique in the evaluation of bony lesion.

scholarly journals Study of DXA-derived lateral–medial cortical bone thickness in assessing hip fracture risk

Bone Reports ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujia Long ◽  
William D. Leslie ◽  
Yunhua Luo
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Hip Fracture Risk

A population-based comparison of cortical bone thickness and porosity in pre- and postmenopausal women by HR-PQCT

Bone ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S372-S373
Author(s):  
K.K. Nishiyama ◽  
H.M. Macdonald ◽  
H.R. Buie ◽  
D.A. Hanley⁎ ◽  
S.K. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness

In vivo quantification of age-related changes in human cortical bone thickness and porosity by HR-pQCT

Bone ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S22
Author(s):  
K.K. Nishiyama ◽  
H.M. Macdonald ◽  
H.R. Buie ◽  
D.A. Hanley ◽  
S.K. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Human Cortical Bone ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes
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