Mesenchymal stem cells in neurological diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Kassis ◽  
Panayiota Petrou ◽  
Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky ◽  
Dimitrios Karussis
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Neurological Diseases

scholarly journals Strategies to Improve the Quality and Freshness of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Da Yeon Lee ◽  
Sung Eun Lee ◽  
Do Hyeon Kwon ◽  
Saraswathy Nithiyanandam ◽  
Mi Ha Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Culture Dish ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
The Brain

Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) have been studied for their application to manage various neurological diseases, owing to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, paracrine, and antiapoptotic ability, as well as their homing capacity to specific regions of brain injury. Among mesenchymal stem cells, such as BM-MSCs, adipose-derived MSCs, and umbilical cord MSCs, BM-MSCs have many merits as cell therapeutic agents based on their widespread availability and relatively easy attainability and in vitro handling. For stem cell-based therapy with BM-MSCs, it is essential to perform ex vivo expansion as low numbers of MSCs are obtained in bone marrow aspirates. Depending on timing, before hBM-MSC transplantation into patients, after detaching them from the culture dish, cell viability, deformability, cell size, and membrane fluidity are decreased, whereas reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, and cytosolic vacuoles are increased. Thus, the quality and freshness of hBM-MSCs decrease over time after detachment from the culture dish. Especially, for neurological disease cell therapy, the deformability of BM-MSCs is particularly important in the brain for the development of microvessels. As studies on the traditional characteristics of hBM-MSCs before transplantation into the brain are very limited, omics and machine learning approaches are needed to evaluate cell conditions with indepth and comprehensive analyses. Here, we provide an overview of hBM-MSCs, the application of these cells to various neurological diseases, and improvements in their quality and freshness based on integrated omics after detachment from the culture dish for successful cell therapy.

scholarly journals From Blood to the Brain: Can Systemically Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linan Liu ◽  
Mark A. Eckert ◽  
Hamidreza Riazifar ◽  
Dong-Ku Kang ◽  
Dritan Agalliu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
The Brain

Systemically infused mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging therapeutics for treating stroke, acute injuries, and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), as well as brain tumors due to their regenerative capacity and ability to secrete trophic, immune modulatory, or other engineered therapeutic factors. It is hypothesized that transplanted MSCs home to and engraft at ischemic and injured sites in the brain in order to exert their therapeutic effects. However, whether MSCs possess the ability to migrate across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that separates the blood from the brain remains unresolved. This review analyzes recent advances in this area in an attempt to elucidate whether systemically infused MSCs are able to actively transmigrate across the CNS endothelium, particularly under conditions of injury or stroke. Understanding the fate of transplanted MSCs and their CNS trafficking mechanisms will facilitate the development of more effective stem-cell-based therapeutics and drug delivery systems to treat neurological diseases and brain tumors.

scholarly journals The Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Epilepsy: Possible Treatments and Future Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9683
Author(s):  
Valentina Salari ◽  
Francesca Mengoni ◽  
Federico Del Gallo ◽  
Giuseppe Bertini ◽  
Paolo Francesco Fabene
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Treatment Of Epilepsy ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult cells with self-renewing capacities. MSCs display specific properties, such as the ability to repair damaged tissues, resulting in optimal candidates for cell therapy against degenerative diseases. In addition to the reparative functions of MSCs, growing evidence shows that these cells have potent immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, MSCs are potential tools for treating inflammation-related neurological diseases, including epilepsy. In this regard, over the last decades, epilepsy has no longer been considered a purely neuronal pathology, since inflammatory events underlying the genesis of epilepsy have been demonstrated. This review assessed current knowledge on the use of MSCs in the treatment of epilepsy. Mostly, attention will be focused on the anti-inflammatory and immunological skills of MSCs. Understanding the mechanisms by which MSCs might modulate the severity of the disease will contribute to the development of new potential alternatives for both prophylaxis and treatment against epilepsy.

scholarly journals Zika Virus Infection of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Differential Expression of Proteins Linked to Several Neurological Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 4708-4717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter O. Beys-da-Silva ◽  
Rafael L. Rosa ◽  
Lucélia Santi ◽  
Markus Berger ◽  
Sung Kyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Zika Virus Infection

Mesenchymal Stem Cells: New Approaches for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric N. Momin ◽  
Ahmed Mohyeldin ◽  
Hasan A. Zaidi ◽  
Guillermo Vela ◽  
Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
New Approaches

scholarly journals Application of mesenchymal stem cells in paediatrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Ewelina Wawryk-Gawda ◽  
Beata Wojcik
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Adults And Children

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were described by Friedenstein in the 1970s as being a group of bone marrow non-hematopoietic cells that are the source of fibroblasts. Since then, knowledge about the therapeutic potential of MSCs has significantly increased. MSCs are currently used for the treatment of many diseases, both in adults and children. MSCs are used successfully in the case of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatic diseases, diabetes mellitus type 1, gastroenterological and neurological diseases. Moreover, treatment of such organ disorders as damage or hypoxia through application of MSC therapy has shown to be satisfactory. In addition, there are some types of congenital disorders, including osteogenesis imperfecta and Spinal Muscular Atrophy, that may be treated with cellular therapy. Most studies showed no other adverse effects than fever. Our study is an analysis that particularly focuses on the registered trials and results of MSCs application to under 18 patients with acute, chronic, recurrent, resistance and corticosteroids types of Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD). Stem cells currently play an important role in the treatment of many diseases. Long-term studies conducted on animals have shown that cell therapy is both effective and safe. The number of indications for use of these cells in the course of treatment of people is constantly increasing. The results of subsequent studies provide important data justifying the application of MSCs in the course of treatment of many diseases whose treatment is ineffective when utilizing other approaches.

Evaluation of differentiation quality of several differentiation inducers of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to nerve cells by assessing expression of beta-tubulin 3 marker: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Karami Fath ◽  
Farhad Zahedi ◽  
Zahra Sadat Hashemi ◽  
Saeed Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Beta Tubulin

: Neurological diseases have different etiological causes. Contemporary, developing an effective treatment for these diseases is an ongoing challenge. Cell therapy is recognized as one of the promising solutions for the treatment of these diseases. Amongst various types of stem cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) are known to be the most widely used stem cells. These cells are endowed with appealing properties such as the ability to differentiate into other cell types including the muscle, liver, glial, and nerve cells. In this review study, we have systematically evaluated the ability of a variety of chemical compounds used in the last ten years to differentiate BM-MSCs into neurons by examining the expression level of beta-tubulin 3 protein. The present study is a systematic search performed at three separate databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Embase from August 2009 to August 2019. The search results in the three mentioned databases were 323 articles and finally, 8 articles were selected and carefully examined considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that different chemical compounds such as ROCK inhibitors, sex steroid hormones, bFGF, NGF, Noggin, 4 OHT, TSA, VPA, Antidepressants, Neurosteroids (Dex and E2), and DHA are involved in different signaling pathways such as ERK, AKT, BMP, DHA / GPR40, Rho-dependent phosphorylation, and histone deacetylase inhibitors. Further investigation of these signaling pathways may open the way for better differentiation of BM-MSCs into neurons.

Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of neurological diseases: Immunoregulation beyond neuroprotection

2015 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Laroni ◽  
Nicole Kerlero de Rosbo ◽  
Antonio Uccelli
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Neurological Diseases

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Cerebellar Ataxia with Neuroinflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3654
Author(s):  
Youngpyo Nam ◽  
Dongyeong Yoon ◽  
Jungwan Hong ◽  
Min Sung Kim ◽  
Tae Yong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Muscle Coordination ◽  
M2 Polarization ◽  
Cerebellar Ataxias ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Cerebellar ataxias (CAs) are neurological diseases characterized by loss of muscle coordination that is a result of damage and inflammation to the cerebellum. Despite considerable efforts in basic and clinical research, most CAs are currently incurable. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) against CAs associated with neuroinflammation. We observed that hMSC treatment significantly inhibited the symptoms of ataxia in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory CA (ICA) mice, which were recently reported as a potential animal model of ICA, through the anti-inflammatory effect of hMSC-derived TNFα-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), the protection of Purkinje cells by inhibition of apoptosis, and the modulatory effect for microglial M2 polarization. Thus, our results suggest that hMSC treatment may be an effective therapeutic approach for preventing or improving ataxia symptoms.

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