scholarly journals Effect of Halosulfuron Rate and Application Timing on Volunteer Azuki Bean Control in White Bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (08) ◽  
pp. 715-721
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Lynette R. Brown ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Azuki Bean ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
White Bean

scholarly journals Effect of imazethapyr application timing in kidney and white bean

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (12) ◽  
pp. 678-682
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Robert E. Nurse ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Application Timing ◽  
White Bean

Response of dry beans to tiafenacil applied preemergence

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Christy Shropshire ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Azuki Bean ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract Tiafenacil is a new non-selective, protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO) – inhibiting pyrimidinedione herbicide that is under consideration for registration in corn, soybean, wheat, cotton, and other crops to control grass and broadleaf weeds prior to crop emergence. The sensitivity of dry beans to tiafenacil is not known. Four field experiments were completed at Exeter and Ridgetown, ON, Canada during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons to determine the sensitivity of azuki, kidney, small red, and white beans to tiafenacil applied preemergence (PRE) at 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 g ai ha−1. Tiafenacil at 100 g ai ha−1 caused 5% or less injury to azuki, kidney, small red and white beans, and 0 to 3% injury in azuki bean, 1-5% injury in kidney bean, 1-4% injury in small red bean, and 1 to 4% injury in white bean. Tiafenacil applied PRE at 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 g ai ha−1 caused up to 1, 4, 4, and 5% visible dry bean injury, respectively but caused no negative effect on other growth parameters measured including the final seed yield. Crop injury was generally the greatest with tiafenacil at the 100 g ai ha−1 in dry beans. Generally, kidney, small red, and white bean were more sensitive to tiafenacil than azuki bean. Dry bean injury was persistent and increased with time with the greatest injury observed 8 WAE. Tiafenacil applied PRE can be a useful addition to the current weed control strategies for grass and broadleaf weed control suppression, especially GR horseweed and amaranth species prior to bean emergence.

ĐIỀU TRA, TINH SẠCH VÀ TÌM HIỂU TÍNH CHẤT ĐẶC TRƯNG CỦA LECTIN MỘT SỐ GIỐNG ĐẬU CÔ VE (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao Đăng Nguyên ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Hạnh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
White Bean

Đã điều tra lectin của 6 giống đậu cô ve thấy rằng cả 6 giống đều có hoạt tính lectin trong đó giống đậu cove hạt trắng dạng bụi (white bean core bush type white seeds) có hoạt tính lectin mạnh nhất, đặc biệt đối với hồng cầu trâu, bò, lợn. Lectin của 6 giống này đều không có biểu hiện đặc hiệu nhóm máu. Lectin đậu cove hạt trắng dạng bụi hoạt động tốt nhất ở nhiệt độ 300C – 400C, pH 6,8 – 7,6. Các đường α-D-glucose, α-D-galactose, D-mannose, D-fructose, D-saccharide,  D-lactose, D-arabinose và D-manitose ở nồng độ 0,05 – 0,1 M có tác dụng kìm hãm hoạt tính của lectin đậu cove hạt trắng dạng bụi. Lectin này cũng bị kìm hãm bởi protein của một số huyết thanh người và động vật (trâu, bò, lợn). Đã tinh sạch lectin đậu cove hạt trắng dạng bụi có độ tinh sạch gấp khoảng 52 lần so với dịch thô ban đầu. Trên gel polyacrylamide thấy xuất hiện 5 band có khối lượng phân tử trong khoảng 30 – 97 kDa.

Identification of Mutants from Azuki Bean (Vigna angularisi) Jingnong 6 Seed Induced by Physical and Chemical Agents

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-573
Author(s):  
Xing TONG ◽  
Bo ZHAO ◽  
Wen-Lin JIN ◽  
Chao-Wu ZENG ◽  
Hong-Xia LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azuki Bean ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Physical And Chemical

scholarly journals Evaluation of prophylactic fungicide application timing on soybean (glycine max) grain yield, quality, and economic return in Mississippi

cftm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Alan Floyd ◽  
J Trent Irby ◽  
Tom W. Allen ◽  
Angus L. Catchot ◽  
Darrin M. Dodds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Fungicide Application ◽  
Yield Quality

scholarly journals Genetic variability and genome-wide association analysis of flavor and texture in cooked beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber Bassett ◽  
Kelvin Kamfwa ◽  
Daniel Ambachew ◽  
Karen Cichy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Flavor Intensity ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
White Bean ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
End Use

Abstract Key message Cooked bean flavor and texture vary within and across 20 Andean seed types; SNPs are significantly associated with total flavor, beany, earthy, starchy, bitter, seed-coat perception, and cotyledon texture. Abstract Common dry beans are a nutritious food recognized as a staple globally, but their consumption is low in the USA. Improving bean flavor and texture through breeding has the potential to improve consumer acceptance and suitability for new end-use products. Little is known about genetic variability and inheritance of bean sensory characteristics. A total of 430 genotypes of the Andean Diversity Panel representing twenty seed types were grown in three locations, and cooked seeds were evaluated by a trained sensory panel for flavor and texture attribute intensities, including total flavor, beany, vegetative, earthy, starchy, sweet, bitter, seed-coat perception, and cotyledon texture. Extensive variation in sensory attributes was found across and within seed types. A set of genotypes was identified that exhibit extreme attribute intensities generally stable across all three environments. seed-coat perception and total flavor intensity had the highest broad-sense heritability (0.39 and 0.38, respectively), while earthy and vegetative intensities exhibited the lowest (0.14 and 0.15, respectively). Starchy and sweet flavors were positively correlated and highest in white bean genotypes according to principal component analysis. SNPs associated with total flavor intensity (six SNPs across three chromosomes), beany (five SNPs across four chromosomes), earthy (three SNPs across two chromosomes), starchy (one SNP), bitter (one SNP), seed-coat perception (three SNPs across two chromosomes), and cotyledon texture (two SNPs across two chromosomes) were detected. These findings lay a foundation for incorporating flavor and texture in breeding programs for the development of new varieties that entice growers, consumers, and product developers alike.

scholarly journals Do applications of systemic herbicides when green fruit are present prevent seed production or viability of Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard)?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Leo Roth ◽  
José Luiz C. S. Dias ◽  
Christopher Evans ◽  
Kevin Rohling ◽  
Mark Renz
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Alliaria Petiolata ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Garlic Mustard ◽  
Viable Seed ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Second Year

Garlic mustard [Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande] is a biennial invasive plant commonly found in the northeastern and midwestern United States. Although it is not recommended to apply herbicides after flowering, land managers frequently desire to conduct management during this timing. We applied glyphosate and triclopyr (3% v/v and 1% v/v using 31.8% and 39.8% acid equivalent formulations, respectively) postemergence to established, second-year A. petiolata populations at three locations when petals were dehiscing, and evaluated control, seed production and seed viability. Postemergence glyphosate applications at this timing provided 100% control of A. petiolata by 4 weeks after treatment at all locations whereas triclopyr efficacy was variable, providing 38-62% control. Seed production was only reduced at one location, with similar results regardless of treatment. Percent seed viability was also reduced, and when combined with reductions in seed production, we found a 71-99% reduction in number of viable seed produced plant-1 regardless of treatment. While applications did not eliminate viable seed production, our findings indicate that glyphosate and triclopyr applied while petals were dehiscing is a viable alternative to cutting or hand-pulling at this timing as it substantially decreased viable A. petiolata seed production. Management Implications Postemergence glyphosate and triclopyr applications in the early spring to rosettes are standard treatments used to manage A. petiolata. However, weather and other priorities limit the window for management, forcing field practitioners to utilize more labor-intensive methods such as hand-pulling. It is not known how late in the development of A. petiolata these herbicides can be applied to prevent viable seed production. Since prevention of soil seedbank replenishment is a key management factor for effective long-term control of biennial invasive species, we hypothesized late spring foliar herbicide applications to second year A. petiolata plants when flower petals were dehiscing could be an effective management tool if seed production or viability is eliminated. Our study indicated that glyphosate applications at this timing provided 100% control of A. petiolata plants by 4 weeks after treatment at all locations, whereas triclopyr efficacy was inconsistent. Although both glyphosate and triclopyr decreased viable seed production to nearly zero at one of our three study locations, the same treatments produced significant amounts of viable seed at the other two locations. Our findings suggest late spring glyphosate and triclopyr applications should not be recommended over early spring applications to rosettes for A. petiolata management, as our late spring application timing did not prevent viable seed production, and may require multiple years of implementation to eradicate populations. Nonetheless, this application timing holds value in areas devoid of desirable understory vegetation compared to no management practices or mechanical management options including hand-pulling when fruit are present, as overall viable seed production was reduced to similar levels as these treatments.

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