Effect of Time of Planting on Cane Yield and Quality Characters in Sweet Sorghum

Groundwater and soil potassium deficiencies are present in northern India. Sugarcane is a vital crop in the Indian Punjab; it is grown on approximately 91,000 hectares with an average yield of 80 tonnes ha−1 and a sugar recovery rate of 9.59%. The role of potassium (K) fertilizer under both sufficient and deficient irrigation in ratoon sugarcane crops is not well documented. We conducted a split-plot ratoon cane experiment during 2020–2021 at the Gurdaspur Regional Research Station of Punjab Agricultural University, India, on K-deficient soils. Main treatments were fully irrigated (I1) and water stressed (I0) conditions, with sub-treatments reflecting K fertilizer application rates of 0 (M1), 67 (M2), 133 (M3), and 200 (M4) kg K ha−1. The ratoon sugarcane performance was assessed in terms of growth, productivity, sugar quality and incidence of key insect pests. At harvest, trends in the growth and yield parameters in I1 were improved over the I0 treatment, with cane height (+12.2%), diameter (+3.3%), number of internodes (+5.4%), biomass yield (+7.6%) and cane yield (+5.9%) all higher, although little significant difference was observed between treatments. Ratoon cane yield under irrigation was 57.1 tonnes ha−1; in water-stressed conditions, it was 54.7 tonnes ha−1. In terms of sugarcane quality parameters, measured 12 months after harvesting the initial seed crop, values of Brix (+3.6%), pol (+3.9%), commercial cane sugar percentage (+4.0%) and extractable sugar percentage (+2.8%) were all higher in the irrigated treatments than the water-stressed plot. Irrigated treatments also had a significantly lower incidence of two key insect pests: top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis) was reduced by 18.5% and stalk borer (Chilo auricilius) by 21.7%. The M3 and M4 treatments resulted in the highest cane yield and lowest incidence of insect pests compared to other K-fertilizer treatments. Economic return on K-fertilizer application increased with increasing fertilizer dosage. Under the potassium-deficient water-stressed conditions of the region of north India, a fertilizer application rate of 133 kg K ha−1 is recommended to improve ratoon sugarcane growth, yield, and quality parameters and economic returns for sugarcane farmers.

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Valuation of Weed Control Methods by using Inter Row Rotary Weeder in Sugarcane Crop

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-549 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Khaliq ◽

Hafiz Basheer Ahmad ◽

Muhammad Ashfaq Nadeem ◽

Arshad Mehmood ◽

Naeem Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Farming ◽

Integrated Control ◽

Threshold Level ◽

Cane Yield ◽

Healthy Environment ◽

Sugarcane Crop ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Short Period ◽

Research Experiment ◽

Weeds Control

Background: Weeds are one of major threats to crop yield and quality. Weeds compete with cane crop and reduce the yield significantly in a very short period. Planned use of all available farm resources leads to integrated control strategy. The current study aimed to study the use of inter row rotary weeder for integrated weeds management to control population dynamics of weeds in sugarcane crop. The objective of experiment is to find out economical, feasible and easy to use approach to minimize the weed density below the threshold level in sugarcane crop and to minimize the use of chemicals for weeds control to promote organic farming. Method: In this research experiment, at Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad during 2017 and 2018, the treatment includes viz. Application od Click (atrazine and acetochlor) @ 3.75 Liter per hectare as Pre-emergence, Ametryn + Atrazine 80 W.P @ 2.50 kg per hectare as post-emergence, Machanical Inter-culture with Rotary weeder and cultivator plough and earthing up. These treatments in different combinations were compared with control. Results: The application of Pre-emergence weedicide Click (atrazine and acetochlor) @ 3.75 Liter per hectare + Inter culture with Rotary weeder 50 days after planting (DAP) + Inter culture with cultivator plough before earthing up (100 DAP) produced significantly higher cane yield of 105 t. ha-1 and highest net benefits per hectare of Rs. 156250/-. The lowest cane yield of 70 t. ha-1 was noted from the experimental units with Weedy check / control. If farmers use this approach, the use of post emergence weedicides will be minimized and will encourage organic farming with safe and healthy environment.

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Adaptability and Stability Study of Selected Sweet Sorghum Genotypes for Ethanol Production under Different Environments Using AMMI Analysis and GGE Biplots

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2016/4060857 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Justice Kipkorir Rono ◽

Erick Kimutai Cheruiyot ◽

Jacktone Odongo Othira ◽

Virginia Wanjiku Njuguna ◽

Joseph Kinyoro Macharia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Sorghum ◽

Ethanol Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Cane Yield ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Gge Biplot ◽

Genotype By Environment ◽

Cane Juice ◽

Juice Yield ◽

Sorghum Genotypes

The genotype and environment interaction influences the selection criteria of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes. Eight sweet sorghum genotypes were evaluated at five different locations in two growing seasons of 2014. The aim was to determine the interaction between genotype and environment on cane, juice, and ethanol yield and to identify best genotypes for bioethanol production in Kenya. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Sorghum canes were harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and passed through rollers to obtain juice that was then fermented to obtain ethanol. Cane, juice, and ethanol yield was analyzed using the additive main effect and multiplication interaction model (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) biplot. The combined analysis of variance of cane and juice yield of sorghum genotypes showed that sweet sorghum genotypes were significantly (P<0.05) affected by environments (E), genotypes (G) and genotype by environment interaction (GEI). GGE biplot showed high yielding genotypes EUSS10, ACFC003/12, SS14, and EUSS11 for cane yield; EUSS10, EUSS11, and SS14 for juice yield; and EUSS10, SS04, SS14, and ACFC003/12 for ethanol yield. Genotype SS14 showed high general adaptability for cane, juice, and ethanol yield.

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Effects of Flowering on Yield and Quality of Sugarcane

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700008139 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 381-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P. Seshagiri Rao

Keyword(s):

Linear Relation ◽

Fibre Content ◽

Cane Yield ◽

Ratoon Crop ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Shoot Production ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Photoperiod Control ◽

Plant Crop

SUMMARYBy comparing flowered and non-flowered plants of the same age (where flowering was inhibited by photoperiod control), cane yield gains due to prevention of flowering were estimated to be 56·6% in a plant crop and 33·8% in a ratoon crop. Sugar gain due to prevention of flowering was 69·1% in the plant and 35·4% in the ratoon crop. A simple negative linear relation was found between cane (and sugar) yield per plant and the proportion of canes that flowered. There was no significant difference in fibre content of flowered and non-flowered canes. The influence of loss of growth, side-shoot production and pithiness on the yield of flowered canes are discussed.

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Cane Yield and Juice Volume Determine Ethanol Yield in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

International Journal of Applied Science ◽

10.30560/ijas.v1n2p29 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. p29 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Justice K. Rono ◽

Erick K. Cheruiyot ◽

Jacktone O. Othira ◽

Virginia W. Njuguna

Keyword(s):

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Plant Height ◽

Sweet Sorghum ◽

Ethanol Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Sugar Concentration ◽

Cane Yield ◽

Production Traits ◽

Sorghum Bicolor L

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) contains fermentable sugars in the stem that can be converted to ethanol. The current study aimed at evaluating the performance of three sweet sorghum genotypes with five checks and contributes towards availing suitable sweet sorghum for industrial ethanol production. Field studies were carried out in Kenya at varied locations in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sorghum was harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and evaluated for several stem juice production traits including plant height, cane yield, juice volume, degrees Brix, total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, and ethanol yield via juice fermentation. Analyses of variance using SAS version 9.1 showed a significant effect of genotype for morphological characters and ethanol yield. Genotype EUSS10 produced the greatest cane (27.4 T/ha) and juice yield (7806.7 L/ha) whereas ACFC003/12 recorded the greatest ethanol yield (423.1 L/ha). At all sites, EUSS10 had the greatest plant height and days to 50% heading whereas SS04 had the greatest Brix and total sugar concentration. The greatest grain yield and non-reducing sugar concentration was produced by SS17 and SS21, respectively. Results of this study show that though Brix and total sugars are desirable for ethanol yield, cane yield, and juice volume of sweet sorghum determines the ultimate volume of ethanol produced.

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Character Association among Yield and Quality Traits in Early Maturing Sugarcane Clones

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i3030981 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 137-143

Author(s):

G. Eswara Reddy ◽

G. Rakesh ◽

P. Jalender Naik ◽

N. Swapna ◽

Y. Swathi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Cane Sugar ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Sugar Yield ◽

High Yield ◽

Cane Yield ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Cane Weight

Eleven early maturing sugarcane clones were planted in Randomized Block Design for this study. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships among the yield and quality parameters with cane yield and sugar yield in sugarcane, in order to provide information to help breeders in adopting traits for developing high yield and quality varieties. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for eleven yield and quality characters. Highest cane yield (176.66 t/ha) was recorded in clone 2015R10 and highest Commercial Cane Sugar (CCS) % (14.16) were observed in Co C 671. Correlation coefficient results indicated that cane yield was positively correlated with germination (0.166), number of millable canes (0.210), cane length (0.650), cane girth (0.610), single cane weight (0.880), CCS yield (0.518) whereas Brix% (-0.838), Sucrose% (-0.821), Purity % (-0.720) and CCS % (-0.812) showed negative correlation with cane yield. Sugar yield per hectare is positively correlated with purity% (0.187), cane length (0.413), cane girth (0.503), single cane weight (0.515) and cane yield (0.518). Results indicate that the genotypes should be selected on the basis of cane length, cane girth and single cane weight for getting higher sugarcane yield.

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The Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizers on Yield and Quality of Sweet Sorghum Varieties under Arid Regions Conditions

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2016.511.092 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 811-823 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A.A.A. Mekdad ◽

A.M.A. El-Sherif

Keyword(s):

Sweet Sorghum ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Yield And Quality

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Long-Term Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Growth, Yield, and Quality in Sugarcane

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10030353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 353 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xu-Peng Zeng ◽

Kai Zhu ◽

Jian-Ming Lu ◽

Yuan Jiang ◽

Li-Tao Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fertilizer Application ◽

Sugar Yield ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Cane Yield ◽

Sugar Accumulation ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

N Application ◽

Yield And Quality

Nitrogen (N) plays an important role in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) growth and development; however, long-term effects of N application levels on cane and sugar production in different sugarcane cultivars under field conditions remain unclear. In this study, we investigate the agronomic, yield, and quality traits in three sugarcane cultivars (GT11, B9, and ROC22) under different N levels (0, 150, and 300 kg/ha urea) from 2015 to 2019. Continuous four-year field experiments of plant and ratoon crops were carried out by using two-factor split-plot design. The results showed that N fertilizer application improved the tillering rate, stalk diameter, plant height, stalk weight, millable stalks/ha, cane yield, sugar yield and juice rate of cane, and the difference between N application and non-N application was significant. The cane yield, millable stalks/ha, juice rate, and juice gravity purity increased with the increase of N application, but the milled juice brix and sucrose % cane decreased with the increase of N application. The sugar yield was the highest at 150 kg/ha urea application, while the cane yield was the highest at 300 kg/ha urea application. Different N fertilizer application levels significantly regulated the activities of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and the contents of chlorophyll and nitrate N in plant leaves, which reflected the regulation in nitrogen metabolism and alteration in dry matter production and distribution, cane yield and sugar accumulation in different sugarcane cultivars. During the four-year experiment duration, the cane yield and sugar yield generally showed ROC22 > B9 > GT11. These data suggested that 300 kg/ha urea application was suitable for the plant and first ratoon crops, and 150 kg/ha urea application was suitable for the second and third ratoon crops. Both cane and sugar yields could be the highest in a four-year production cycle under this circumstance.

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