Effects of Flowering on Yield and Quality of Sugarcane

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Seshagiri Rao
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relation ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Photoperiod Control ◽  
Plant Crop

SUMMARYBy comparing flowered and non-flowered plants of the same age (where flowering was inhibited by photoperiod control), cane yield gains due to prevention of flowering were estimated to be 56·6% in a plant crop and 33·8% in a ratoon crop. Sugar gain due to prevention of flowering was 69·1% in the plant and 35·4% in the ratoon crop. A simple negative linear relation was found between cane (and sugar) yield per plant and the proportion of canes that flowered. There was no significant difference in fibre content of flowered and non-flowered canes. The influence of loss of growth, side-shoot production and pithiness on the yield of flowered canes are discussed.

Effects of nitrogen applied through new carriers on yield and quality of sugarcane

1990 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Yadav ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
R. S. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
N Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Neem Cake Coated Urea ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Plant Crop

SUMMARYIn a field experiment at Lucknow in 1985/87 and 1986/88, the ‘new’ N carriers urea super granules (USG), neem-cake-coated urea (NCU) and dicyandiamide-treated urea (DCD) and the traditional source of N, prilled urea (PU), were used to supply 150 kgN/ha to the plant crop (first crop after planting) of the cultivar Col 148. The ratoon crop was fertilized at 0 and 150 kgN/ha with PU over all the plant crop treatments. In both plant and ratoon crops, N application increased cane yields but decreased quality: differences in yield resulting from use of the new carriers were not significant, though the fertilizers tended to increase the final plant population density. Uptake and recovery of N were significantly greater using USG, NCU and DCD than using PU. The direct effect of N was 184 kg cane/kg of N applied to the ratoon crop but residual and cumulative effects of N applied to the plant crop on yield and quality of the ratoon crop were small. Adequate direct application of N is therefore suggested for increasing the yields of ratoon cane.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Amendments on Soil Carbon Stock, Yield and Quality of Sugarcane Ratoon

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Rashmi Priyadarshi ◽  
S. K. Thakur ◽  
C. K. Jha ◽  
S. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Sugarcane Plant ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Sugarcane Ratoon

A field experiment was conducted during 2018-20 to evaluate the effect of different organic amendments on yield and quality of sugarcane ratoon in calcareous soil at Crop Research Centre, farm at Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with 8 treatments viz. control, FYM (farmyard manure) @ 20 t ha-1, biocompost (BC) @ 20 t ha-1, vermicompost (VC) @ 5.0 t ha-1, green manure with moong, sugarcane trash @ 10 t ha-1, FYM + BC+ VC (1: 1: 0.5) @ 20 t ha-1 and recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) as NPK (170: 50: 60 kg ha-1) and replicated thrice in sugarcane plant-ratoon system. The sugarcane plant crop was taken and after harvest of plant, the ratoon crop was initiated. Addition of organic amendments significantly increased the number of tillers, millable cane and ratoon cane yield which was at par with recommended dose of fertilizer. The cane juice quality was not affected due to different treatments. The mean cane yield (61.7 - 77.1 t ha-1) and sugar yield (4.06-10.56 t ha-1) varied significantly in organic added plots t ha-1 which was found at par with RDF. The sugar yield followed the similar trends of cane yield. The SMBC (soil microbial biomass carbon), CO2 evolution and carbon stocks were significantly higher in organic amendment added plots indicating improvement in soil carbon status. The highest value of CO2 evolution, SMBC and carbon stocks were observed in the treatment receiving FYM+BC+VC in combination (1: 1: 0.5). Organic amendments had beneficial impact on restoration of soil carbon status, cane and sugar yield of ratoon crop of sugarcane in calcareous soil.

scholarly journals Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2257
Author(s):  
Rajan Bhatt ◽  
Jagdish Singh ◽  
Alison M. Laing ◽  
Ram Swaroop Meena ◽  
Walaa F. Alsanie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Ratoon Sugarcane

Groundwater and soil potassium deficiencies are present in northern India. Sugarcane is a vital crop in the Indian Punjab; it is grown on approximately 91,000 hectares with an average yield of 80 tonnes ha−1 and a sugar recovery rate of 9.59%. The role of potassium (K) fertilizer under both sufficient and deficient irrigation in ratoon sugarcane crops is not well documented. We conducted a split-plot ratoon cane experiment during 2020–2021 at the Gurdaspur Regional Research Station of Punjab Agricultural University, India, on K-deficient soils. Main treatments were fully irrigated (I1) and water stressed (I0) conditions, with sub-treatments reflecting K fertilizer application rates of 0 (M1), 67 (M2), 133 (M3), and 200 (M4) kg K ha−1. The ratoon sugarcane performance was assessed in terms of growth, productivity, sugar quality and incidence of key insect pests. At harvest, trends in the growth and yield parameters in I1 were improved over the I0 treatment, with cane height (+12.2%), diameter (+3.3%), number of internodes (+5.4%), biomass yield (+7.6%) and cane yield (+5.9%) all higher, although little significant difference was observed between treatments. Ratoon cane yield under irrigation was 57.1 tonnes ha−1; in water-stressed conditions, it was 54.7 tonnes ha−1. In terms of sugarcane quality parameters, measured 12 months after harvesting the initial seed crop, values of Brix (+3.6%), pol (+3.9%), commercial cane sugar percentage (+4.0%) and extractable sugar percentage (+2.8%) were all higher in the irrigated treatments than the water-stressed plot. Irrigated treatments also had a significantly lower incidence of two key insect pests: top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis) was reduced by 18.5% and stalk borer (Chilo auricilius) by 21.7%. The M3 and M4 treatments resulted in the highest cane yield and lowest incidence of insect pests compared to other K-fertilizer treatments. Economic return on K-fertilizer application increased with increasing fertilizer dosage. Under the potassium-deficient water-stressed conditions of the region of north India, a fertilizer application rate of 133 kg K ha−1 is recommended to improve ratoon sugarcane growth, yield, and quality parameters and economic returns for sugarcane farmers.

scholarly journals Influence of preemergently applied herbicides on the yield and quality of caraway achenes (Carum carvi L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-266
Author(s):  
Antonín Vaculík
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Doses

Caraway has very low competitive ability against most of weed species. Therefore, it is important to choose a suitable herbicide control, especially at biennial caraway. The experiments with the herbicides applied in caraway were found in pure growth, with variety Kepron (with standard length of ve­ge­ta­ti­ve period). The aim of the trials was to find out the differences at achenes yiled and essential oil content after the treatment by the various herbicides, applied preemergently. Also, the selective ac­ti­vi­ty of individual herbicides was tested, including the different doses. The herbicides used in the ex­pe­ri­ments had enough level of selektivity on the plants of caraway. They had a positive effect on the yiled comparing to non-treated control variant in all observed years. There was no statistically significant difference in essential oil kontent between the treated variants and non-treated control. On the basis of these results, the most suitable herbicide was chosen for the „minor“ registration for caraway.

scholarly journals Influence of basic soil tillage methods on fresh yield and quality of winter rape cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Anvar Sh. Gadzhikurbanov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
The Republic

The development of rational system of basic soil tillage results in formation of sufficiently high crop yields. A two-factor field experiment was carried out to address these issues when cultivating winter rape cultivars on light chestnut soils of the Primorsko-Caspian sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan. VEM (standard), Elvis and Meteor winter rape cultivars were studied in the experiment. The following methods of soil tillage were studied: real tillage (control), subsoil tillage. The research revealed that there was no significant difference in agrophysical indicators between the soil cultivation variants. Data on weed infestation of winter rape fields showed that the number of weeds and their weight increased significantly after subsoil tillage. At the budding stage, the number of weeds increased 2.1-fold compared to the control (real tillage), and the weight of weeds increased 1.88-fold. During flowering stage, these indicators were 2.2 times higher. The maximum yield in all variants of the experiment was formed by Elvis cultivar - 44.9 and 41.4 t/ha, respectively, which is more than VEM (standard) and Meteor cultivars by 20.4 t/ha (7.9 %) and 20.0 t/ha (8.7 %), respectively. The yield of Meteor cultivar in these variants was also high and amounted to 41.6 and 38.1 t/ha, respectively, which was higher by 11.5 and 10.4 % compared with the standard. The greatest increase in the fresh yield was provided by real tillage. On average, the yield increased by 8.7 % for varieties in comparison with subsoil cultivation. Elvis cultivar formed the best quality indicators, followed by Meteor cultivar.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of curly kale grown using organic fertilizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Marta R Verruma-Bernardi ◽  
Daniella M Pimenta ◽  
Gabriel RR Levrero ◽  
Victor A Forti ◽  
Simone DS de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Microbiological Analyses

ABSTRACT Kale is a vegetable that has high nutrition content, and balanced fertilization is essential to ensure high yield and quality of agricultural products. Curly kale, less known than regular leaf kale, is a new possibility for consumption. However, little is known about the influence of the type of fertilization on nutritional characteristics. This study aims to evaluate the influence of using organic fertilizers on the productivity, microbiological, and physico-chemical characteristics of Darkibor hybrid curly kale. The treatments consisted of three sources of organic fertilizers, one of organomineral fertilizer, and the control (without fertilization). The highest productivity was observed for kale that was treated with fertilizer in the organomineral composition in all harvests. For microbiological analyses, there was no contamination in all treatments, following legislation. There was no significant difference between treatments for the physicochemical composition, highlighting the high levels of phenolic compounds and proteins in curly kale. There was no difference between treatments regarding the mineral content of the leaves. Organic and organomineral fertilizers made it possible to produce curly kale with adequate physicochemical composition, free from microbiological contamination and heavy metals.

scholarly journals The effect of different nitrogen fertilization rates on yield and quality of marigold (Calendula officinalis L. 'Tokaj') raw material

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Beata Król
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pot Marigold ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

Pot marigold (<i>Calendula officinalis</i> L.) is an annual ornamental plant which is also grown for herbal raw material (flower heads) used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. A field experiment was carried out in the years 2006-2008 in the Experimental Farm of the University of Life Sciences in Lublin. The study was conducted on loess soil with the granulometric composition of silt loam. The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of different nitrogen rates (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 kg N × ha<sup>-1</sup>) on some morphological features of flower heads as well as on yield and quality of pot marigold raw material. Flowering of pot marigold was shortest in the control treatment (32 days) and longest (43 days) in the plot where nitrogen fertilization had been applied at the highest rate (160 kg N × ha<sup>-1</sup>). Nitrogen fertilization had a significant influence on the number of flower heads per plant, but no significant difference was found in diameter as well as in ligulate flowers and tubular flowers in the flower head. It was found to increase significantly raw material yield after the application of 80 kg N × ha<sup>-1</sup>, compared to the control treatment. Yield of flower heads did not differ markedly for fertilization rates from 80 to 160 kg N × ha<sup>-1</sup>. Nitrogen fertilization modified slightly essential oil content (this content increased with increasing nitrogen rates), but at the same time it decreased the percentage of flavonoid compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of combinations of fertilizers on yield and quality of three maize varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athir H. M. Al-Temimi ◽  
Intsar H. H. Al-Hilfy
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Synthetic Varieties ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract ◽  
Ear Number

"A field experiment was carried out during autumn season of 2019 to study the effect of combination of mineral fertilizers, moringa leaf extract and tryptophan acid on yield and quality of three synthetic varieties of maize and the possibility of replacing part of the mineral fertilizers with these organic maters.The experiment included three synthetic varieties of maize (bohooth-5018, Baghdad-3 and Sumer) in the main plots and five fertilizer treatments(application mineral fertilizer as recommended, application 50% of mineral fertilizer + spraying moringa leaf extract at 3% , application 50% mineral fertilizer + spraying moringa leaf extract at 6% , application 50% mineral fertilizer + tryptophan acid at 50 ppm and application 50% mineral fertilizer + tryptophan acid at 100 ppm ) in the sub plots. The results showed that maize varieties had no-significant difference in all studied characters. Application 50% mineral fertilizer + spraying moringa leaf extract at 6% gave the highest grain yield(8.732 tan ha-1) and all its components (number of ears per plant, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row) and oil percentage (10.72%).While application 50% mineral fertilizer + tryptophan acid at 100 ppm was superior in weight of 500 grains (108.89 g) and protein percentage (3.91%)."

scholarly journals Effect of N and K levels and planting density on pineapple fruit yield and quality

1969 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Antonio Vélez-Ramos ◽  
Pedro Márquez ◽  
C. Chao de Báez
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Plant Crop

A pineapple [Ananas comosus (L) Merr.] field experiment was established in which planting densities and levels of foliarly applied N and K2O  were evaluated. No significant treatment interactions were detected for fruit yield and quality and production of slips and crowns. Increasing plant population from 39,174 to 52,240 and to 67,925 plants/ha resulted in a significant fruit yield increase in the ratoon crop, but had no significant effect on the plant crop. Treatment combinations of N at 336, 560 and 784 kg/ha and K2O at 246, 470 and 694 kg/ha had no significant effect on fruit yield and quality or slip and crown production in the plant crop. A significant reduction in fruit yield was obtained in the ratoon crop at the higher N-K2O levels. The reduction in yield was attributed to salt accumulation on pineapple leaves as a result of foliar spraying, especially from urea. Nitrogen and K2O levels did not significantly affect the production of slips and crowns in the plant crop. The combination of 470 and 417 kg/ha of N and K2O, respectively, produced significantly larger slips and crowns in the ratoon crop. The concentration of N, P, Ca and Mg in the D-leaf was adequate for 4-month-old plants but N and K concentration was below adequate levels in 9-month-old plants, especially at the lower treatment application. In the ratoon crop all plant nutrients were low even at the higher application rates of N and K.

Heterosis and combining ability effects on cotton. I. Combining ability

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 973 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Thomson ◽  
DJ Luckett
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Plant Crop

Combining ability for a number of yield and quality attributes of cultivated cotton (Gossypium) was studied in two diallel experiments under high-yielding conditions in northern Australia. The first diallel comprised nine G. hirsutum parents of North American and African origin, the second diallel of thirteen parents besides American and African cultivars also included an Indian line, some Australian lines and an American G. barbadense cultivar. Each set of hybrids was grown as a half-diallel (plus the parents), first as a plant crop and then as a ratoon crop in the following season. Generally variation due to general combining ability (GCA) was significant and substantial for all traits, although specific combining ability (SCA) was also significant. GCA was shown to be closely associated with parental performance per se which may, therefore, be used with good reliability in choosing parents for use in a breeding program. The plant and ratoon performances were very similar in most instances. The African cultivars together with some medium-quality American ones showed high combining ability for yield, but the best GCA for quality characters was found in the high- quality parents. The G. barbadense cultivar was exceptional in this regard, hut it had a low GCA for yield, and there are other technical problems associated in establishing good inbred lines from hybrids between the two cultivated tetraploid species. Genotypic correlations between a pair of traits were usually similar for the plant and its respective ratoon crop, but often quite different for the two diallel combinations. In both populations selection for increased lint yield would tend to be accompanied by adverse changes in some other important characteristics.

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