scholarly journals Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis in children: The role of nasal cytology

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Provero ◽  
Alberto Macchi ◽  
Sara Antognazza ◽  
Maddalena Marinoni ◽  
Luigi Nespoli
Keyword(s):  
Nonallergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Cytology

Nasal Cytology in Radiofrequency Turbinate Volume Reduction

ORL ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Pecorari ◽  
Giuseppe Riva ◽  
Claudia Bartoli ◽  
Mattia Ravera ◽  
Valeria Dell’Era ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Nonallergic Rhinitis ◽  
Turbinate Hypertrophy ◽  
Nasal Cytology ◽  
Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Introduction: Radiofrequency turbinate volume reduction (RFTVR) is an effective treatment of inferior turbinate hypertrophy. RFTVR can reduce epithelial cell alterations in nasal mucosa. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the effects of RFTVR on nasal obstruction and cytology, stratifying for different types of rhinitis. Methods: Nasal cytology and subjective nasal obstruction were evaluated on 113 patients before RFTVR (T0) and after 3 months (T1). The patients were divided into groups on the basis of the underlying disease: allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis, rhinitis medicamentosa, and other diseases (e.g., hormonal-based turbinate hypertrophy). Results: Nasal cytology at T0 identified 42 patients with allergic rhinitis, 40 with nonallergic rhinitis, 19 with rhinitis medicamentosa, and 12 with other diseases. An improvement of nasal cytology at T1 was observed in 29.2% of cases. They mainly consisted of patients with nonallergic rhinitis with neutrophils, whose neutrophil infiltrate decreased. Only 2 cases (1.7%) showed a worsening of nasal cytology at T1. A statistically significant decrease in subjective nasal obstruction was observed for every group (p < 0.05). Higher differences of nasal obstruction between T0 and T1 were found in patients with rhinitis medicamentosa or other diseases. Conclusion: RFTVR represents a safe and effective treatment for turbinate hypertrophy of various etiology. It is not responsible for a worsening of inflammatory infiltrate of the nasal mucosa.

The Role of Nasal Cytology in the Diagnosis of Chronic Sinusitis

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrick F. Gill ◽  
James B. Neiburger
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
High Power ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Nasal Cytology ◽  
Sinus Radiography

Currently the role of nasal cytology in the diagnosis of chronic sinusitis is not well defined. Therefore, we compared the results of nasal cytology with the results of sinus radiography in 300 patients with allergic rhinitis who had both tests performed as part of their initial allergy evaluation. Radiography was significantly more likely to be positive when there were >5 neutrophils/high-power field or <5 eosinophils/high-power field on nasal cytology. These findings were fairly sensitive but nonspecific as predictors of radiographic pathology.

scholarly journals Role of inflammation in non-allergic rhinitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
E. de Corso ◽  
M. Battista ◽  
M. Pandolfini ◽  
L. Liberati ◽  
S. Baroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltrate ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nasal Cytology ◽  
Non Allergic Rhinitis

Objective: To investigate the role of inflammation in non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) patients in a large series to establish the prevalence of different NAR-subtypes, clinical features and the role of nasal cytology in the diagnostic algorithm. Methodology: Patients were selected out of 3650 individuals who spontaneously presented at our institution. We consecutively enrolled 519 NAR-patients in an analytical cross-sectional study between November 2007 and June 2013 (level of evidence: 3b). All patients underwent rhinological evaluation including symptoms questionnaire, endoscopy, CT scan, allergy tests and nasal cytology. Results: The inflammatory cell infiltrate affects the severity of symptoms differently, allowing for identification of different phenotypes of NAR. We distinguished two groups: “NAR without inflammation”(NAR-) and “NAR with inflammation”(NAR+), in addition to different NAR-subtypes with inflammation. A significant difference was observed in terms of clinical symptoms and association with comorbidities (previously diagnosed asthma and aspirin intolerance) between NAR–, NAR+ and between different NAR+ subtypes. Conclusion: Our data suggest that NAR- and NAR with neutrophils behave similarly, showing lower symptom score values and a lower risk of association with comorbidities compared to NAR with eosinophils and mast cells (singularly or mixed). In our belief it is very important to establish the presence and type of inflammation in non-allergic rhinitis patients and nasal cytology is a very useful test in correct differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals The pragmatic role of nasal cytology: a point-of-care testing to implement precision medicine in clinical practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Gelardi ◽  
Massimo Landi ◽  
Giorgio Ciprandi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Nasal Cytology

Antecedentes: La medicina de precisión es una estrategia actualizada que apunta a individualizar los mecanismos fisiopatológicos precisos. Entonces, la medicina de precisión es la base de la medicina personalizada, como definir el tratamiento apropiado en cada paciente. La citología nasal solo necesita un microscopio óptico, tinturas, gafas y curetas. El procedimiento puede durar muy pocos minutos usando tinción rápida, por lo tanto, se puede considerar una prueba confiable en el punto de atención en el consultorio.Métodos: Estudio transversal que incluyó 5030 pacientes ambulatorios con trastornos nasales: 2612 hombres y 2418 mujeres, edad promedio de 36.8 ± 17.1 años, quienes fueron atendidos en un periodo de cinco años. Los pacientes se subdividieron conforme a la prueba cutánea y la citología nasal en sujetos con rinitis alérgica y con rinitis no alérgica. Las formas celulares se subdividieron en función del citotipo: rinitis no alérgica con predominio de infiltración eosinofílica (NARNE, neutrófilos > 50 % con esporas y bacterias ausentes); rinitis no alérgica con eosinófilos (NARES, eosinófilos > 20%); rinitis no alérgica con predominio de infiltrado de mastocitos (NARMA, mastocitos > 10 %) y rinitis no alérgica con eosinófilos y mastocitos (NARESMA, eosinófilos > 20 % y mastocitos > 10 %).Resultados: 453 (9 %) sujetos tuvieron citología negativa a nasal, 1056 (21 %) rinitis alérgica, 538 (10.7%) NARES, 493 (9.8%) poliposis nasal, 251 (5%) rinosinusitis, 221 (4.4%) NARESMA, 201 (4%) rinitis infecciosa; 131 (2.6%) NARMA y 89 (1.8%) NARNE; los sujetos restantes tenían un perfil inflamatorio-infeccioso misceláneo.Conclusiones: La citología nasal proporciona información rápida sobre el fenotipo y endotipo y puede repetirse en el seguimiento para evaluar los cambios posteriores al tratamiento.

scholarly journals Allergic rhinitis: current assessment of medical and social aspects and methods of treatment. intranasal corticosteroids in the treatment of rhinitis

2018 ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
S. V. Tsarev
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nonallergic Rhinitis ◽  
Intranasal Corticosteroids ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Current Assessment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Methods Of Treatment ◽  
Rhinitis Medicamentosa

The article presents the issues of epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of allergic rhinitis. It describes the various types of nonallergic rhinitis, the relationship of allergic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis polyposa, eosinophilic nonallergic rhinitis, and rhinitis medicamentosa. The leading role of topical glucocorticosteroids in the therapy of rhinitis including non-allergic is considered in detail.

scholarly journals Exploring the role of nasal cytology in chronic rhinosinusitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-376
Author(s):  
Stefania Gallo ◽  
Francesco Bandi ◽  
Andrea Preti ◽  
Carla Facco ◽  
Giorgia Ottini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Cytology

scholarly journals Correlation of Local FOXP3-Expressing T Cells and Th1-Th2 Balance in Perennial Allergic Nasal Mucosa

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Shirasaki ◽  
Etsuko Kanaizumi ◽  
Nobuhiko Seki ◽  
Tetsuo Himi
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Nonallergic Rhinitis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Treg Development ◽  
The Relationship

Regulatory T cells (Treg) play some important roles in allergic rhinitis. The most specific marker for Treg is FOXP3, a recently identified transcription factor that is essential for Treg development. In order to clarify the levels of Treg in allergic nasal mucosa, we studied the relationship between FOXP3-expressing cells and Th1-Th2 balance in nasal mucosa by means of immunohistochemistry. Human turbinates were obtained after turbinectomy from 26 patients (14 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and 12 patients with nonallergic rhinitis). To identify the cells expressing the FOXP3 protein, double immunostaining was performed by using anti-FOXP3 antibody and anti-CD3 antibody. There was no significant difference in the percentage of FOXP3+CD3+ cells among CD3+ cells in the nasal mucosa of two groups. The proportion of FOXP3+CD3+ cells tend to be correlated positively with GATA3+CD3+ cells/T-bet+CD3+ cells ratio (, ). A positive correlation with GATA3+CD3+/T-bet+CD3+ ratio and FOXP3+CD3+/CD3+ ratio suggests the role of local regulatory T cells as a minimal control of the chronic allergen exposure in nasal mucosa.

scholarly journals The Underestimated Role of Mast Cells in the Pathogenesis of Rhinopathies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Matteo Gelardi ◽  
Rossana Giancaspro ◽  
Michele Cassano ◽  
Domenico Ribatti
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Tailored Therapy ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Nasal Cytology

Mast cells (MCs) are involved in several biological processes, such as defense against pathogens, immunomodulation, tissue repair after injury, and angiogenesis. MCs have been shown to change from protective immune cells to potent pro-inflammatory cells, influencing the progression of many pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases and cancers. The role of MCs in the pathogenesis of rhinopathies has often been underestimated, since previous studies have focused their attention on eosinophils and neutrophils, while MCs were considered involved exclusively in allergic rhinitis. However, recent nasal cytology findings have shown the involvement of MCs in several rhinopathies, such as NARMA, NARESMA, and CRSwNP. These recent evidences highlight the crucial role that MCs play in orchestrating the inflammation of the nasal mucosa, through complex biological mechanisms, not yet fully understood. In this context, a better understanding of these mechanisms is fundamental for practicing Precision Medicine, which requires careful population selection and stratification into subgroups based on the phenotype/endotype of the patients, in order to guarantee the patient a tailored therapy. Based on this background, further studies are needed to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms involving MCs and, consequently, to develop targeted therapies aimed to obtain a selective inhibition of tissue remodeling and preventing MC-mediated immune suppression.

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