Demonstrating Short-Term Impacts of Grazing and Cover Crops on Soil Health and Economic Benefits in an Integrated Crop-Livestock System in South Dakota

The population migration has attracted attention for more than a decade. As migration consequences differ in terms of characteristics and directions, governments worldwide are looking for solutions to regulate migration flows. The study aims to systematise push-pull factors of migration by analysing existing cases, as well as to build a model for predicting migration considering the quantitative interpretation of such factors. While migration factors are quite similar regardless of the country of residence, their main differences are compatibility and hierarchy. The most frequently mentioned factors include the expectation of income increase, improvement in the quality of life, professional aspects. Simultaneously, a certain pattern emerges: if a migrant’s material and economic needs are satisfied in the country of departure, they pay more attention to intangible/non-economic benefits (quality of life, infrastructure, etc.). A dynamic forecasting model for scientific migration has been developed based on the theory of positional games. The model demonstrates the changes in migration flows by describing the behaviour of a rational individual who seeks to maximise benefits from migration. The result of the simulation is a short-term forecast of trends in scientific migration of Ural scholars to key migration countries. The model predicts the intensification of migration flows to the leading Asian countries, their alignment with flows to America, and a decrease in migration to European countries. This forecast is characterised by a direct dependence of the dynamics of scientific migration flows on the socio-economic development of migration destinations. Practical implications of this study include the development of a predictive model describing migration flows in the short term as an analytical tool and systematisation of pull-push factors as key indicators for managing the migration flows of scientists. In addition, the research proposes measures positively affecting the balance of scientific migration.

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Cover crops and no-tillage reduce crop production costs and soil loss, compensating for lack of short-term soil quality improvement in a maize and soybean production system

Soil and Tillage Research ◽

10.1016/j.still.2021.105310 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 218 ◽

pp. 105310

Author(s):

A.A. Jacobs ◽

R. Stout Evans ◽

J.K. Allison ◽

E.R. Garner ◽

W.L. Kingery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Improvement ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Production System ◽

Soil Loss ◽

Crop Production ◽

Production Costs ◽

No Tillage ◽

Short Term ◽

Soil Quality Improvement

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Use of cover crops to promote soil health

Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science - Managing soil health for sustainable agriculture Volume 2 ◽

10.19103/as.2017.0033.26 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 191-204

Author(s):

Robert L. Myers ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Soil Health

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Use of cover crops to promote soil health

Managing soil health for sustainable agriculture Volume 2 ◽

10.1201/9781351114585-14 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 211-224

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Soil Health

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Weeds, nitrogen and yield: measuring the effectiveness of an organic cover cropped vegetable no-till system

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170517000795 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 439-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David Robb ◽

Geoff Zehnder ◽

Robin Kloot ◽

William Bridges ◽

Dara Park

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Soil Health ◽

Soil Disturbance ◽

Weed Suppression ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Soil N ◽

No Till ◽

Mechanical Methods

AbstractOrganic vegetable growers rely heavily on mechanical methods such as tillage and other forms of labor-intensive soil cultivation for weed management despite the negative effects to soil health associated with intensive soil disturbance. The use of cover crops and no-till (NT) vegetable production represents an alternative approach to weed control that can enhance rather than degrade soil health; however, there are challenges inherent with this practice and previous results in vegetable production have been mixed. Field experiments were conducted over 2 yr at the Clemson Student Organic Farm to examine the effects of tillage [NT versus conventional tillage (CT)] on weed development and management in organic tomato and summer squash production under different nitrogen (N) fertility regimes, and to assess soil N dynamics in both systems. Squash yields were similar between tillage treatments in both years. NT tomato yields were 43% greater than CT yields in 2014, whereas CT tomato yields were 46% greater than NT yields in 2015. Squash and tomato yields per unit of management labor (time) were significantly greater in NT compared with CT treatments for both years. There were no statistical differences in squash and tomato yields between N fertilization treatments in either year. Pre- and post-season soil N results were mixed. Pre-season soil N levels were significantly higher in NT tomato plots in 2014 but similar between tillage treatments in tomato plots in 2015 and in squash plots both years. Post-season soil N levels in tomato plots were similar between tillage treatments both years. Post-season soil N levels were significantly higher in NT squash plots in 2014 and in CT squash plots in 2015. Roller-crimped NT mulches provided adequate early-season weed suppression in both years and saved considerable weed management and seedbed preparation labor. Overall, the results demonstrated that organic NT is a viable method for reduced tillage summer vegetable production in the southeastern Piedmont region.

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Linking Economic Development to Highway Improvements: Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1848-15 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1848 (1) ◽

pp. 106-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sakina Khan ◽

David Levy

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

South Dakota ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Economic Activity ◽

Transportation Network ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Transportation Infrastructure ◽

Pine Ridge ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

Transportation Improvements

Much of the literature on the economic benefits associated with investments in transportation infrastructure focuses on locations with at least some measure of private-sector economic activity. The focus here is on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota, an area with extremely limited private economic activity and a transportation network with limited connectivity and accessibility. The study was one of a series sponsored by FHWA to examine linkages between transportation improvements and economic development in rural areas. The Pine Ridge study established a framework for analyzing these linkages and focused the analysis on tourism, a key sector that both offers great potential for economic development and is dependent on improvements in transportation infrastructure. The analysis estimated the potential benefits of the tourism sector and identified the transportation improvements that would be needed to support this sector. It was found that, assuming implementation of a suite of supportive initiatives, a mature tourism sector at Pine Ridge could attract more than 1 million visitors each year, which would have an estimated total economic impact of $153 million during a 15-year period. By the end of the analysis period, these tourists would generate more than 1 million automobile trips per year, with a peak average daily traffic of 5,200 vehicles. The local enhancements in transportation infrastructure that would be needed to provide adequate levels of service include both upgrading the functional class of key roads and performing adequate maintenance throughout the life cycle of the improved roads. The costs of these transportation investments are estimated at $73.3 million.

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Investigation of short-term effects of winter cover crops on compaction and total soil carbon in a long-term no-till agricultural system

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation ◽

10.2489/jswc.74.1.77 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 77-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C.A. Aldridge ◽

B.H. Baker ◽

A.R. Omer

Keyword(s):

Soil Carbon ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Agricultural System ◽

Short Term ◽

No Till ◽

Total Soil ◽

Winter Cover ◽

Winter Cover Crops ◽

Short Term Effects

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The Perceived Benefits, Challenges, and Environmental Effects of Cover Crop Implementation in South Carolina

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10090372 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 372

Author(s):

Lucas Clay ◽

Katharine Perkins ◽

Marzieh Motallebi ◽

Alejandro Plastina ◽

Bhupinder Singh Farmaha

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Management Practice ◽

Soil Health ◽

Education Level ◽

Limited Information ◽

Best Management ◽

Row Crop ◽

The Impact

Cover crops are becoming more accepted as a viable best management practice because of their ability to provide important environmental and soil health benefits. Because of these benefits, many land managers are strongly encouraging the use of cover crops. Additionally, there is limited information on farmers′ perceptions of the benefits and challenges of implementing cover crops. Many farmers state that they do not have enough money or time to implement cover crops. In an attempt to gather more data about the adoption rate and perceptions of cover crops in South Carolina, a survey was sent to 3000 row crop farmers across the state. Farmers were asked whether they implement cover crops and their perceptions of the benefits and challenges associated with implementation. Furthermore, questions were asked regarding the impact of row cropping on their environment to gauge farmer′s education level on environmental impacts. Responses showed many people are implementing cover crops; however, there are still differences in perceptions about benefits and challenges between those who are adopting cover crops and those who are not. This research assesses these differences and aims to provide a baseline for focusing cover crop programs to tackle these certain challenges and promote the benefits.

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