The Impact of Natural Gas-Hydrogen Blends on Internal Combustion Engines Performance and Emissions

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Unich ◽  
B. Morrone ◽  
A. Mariani ◽  
M. V. Prati
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Enhancing the Geometrical Performance Using Initially Conical Cylinder Liner in Internal Combustion Engines—A Numerical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3705
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alshwawra ◽  
Florian Pohlmann-Tasche ◽  
Frederik Stelljes ◽  
Friedrich Dinkelacker
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Cold State ◽  
The Impact

Reducing friction is an important aspect to increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines (ICE). The majority of frictional losses in engines are related to both the piston skirt and piston ring–cylinder liner (PRCL) arrangement. We studied the enhancement of the conformation of the PRCL arrangement based on the assumption that a suitable conical liner in its cold state may deform into a liner with nearly straight parallel walls in the fired state due to the impact of mechanical and thermal stresses. Combining the initially conical shape with a noncircular cross section will bring the liner even closer to the perfect cylindrical shape in the fired state. Hence, a significant friction reduction can be expected. For the investigation, the numerical method was first developed to simulate the liner deformation with advanced finite element methods. This was validated with given experimental data of the deformation for a gasoline engine in its fired state. In the next step, initially conically and/or elliptically shaped liners were investigated for their deformation between the cold and fired state. It was found that, for liners being both conical and elliptical in their cold state, a significant increase of straightness, parallelism, and roundness was reached in the fired state. The combined elliptical-conical liner led to a reduced straightness error by more than 50% compared to the cylindrical liner. The parallelism error was reduced by 60% to 70% and the roundness error was reduced between 70% and 80% at different liner positions. These numerical results show interesting potential for the friction reduction in the piston-liner arrangement within internal combustion engines.

scholarly journals The Impact of Powering an Engine with Fuels from Renewable Energy Sources including its Software Modification on a Drive Unit Performance Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markiewicz ◽  
Muślewski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
The Impact

The application of fuels from renewable energy sources for combustion engine powering involves a great demand for this kind of energy while its production infrastructure remains underdeveloped. The use of this kind of fuel is supposed to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and the depletion of natural resources and to increase the share of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption and thus support sustainable development in Europe. This study presents the results of research on selected performance parameters of transport by internal combustion engines including: power, torque, the emission of sound generated by the engine, the content of exhaust components (oxygen O2, carbon monoxide CO, carbon dioxide CO2, nitrogen dioxide NO2), and the content of particulate matter (PM) in exhaust emission. Three self-ignition engines were tested. The fuel injection controllers of the tested internal combustion engines were additionally adjusted by increasing the fuel dose and the load of air. The material used in the tests were mixtures of diesel oil and fatty acid methyl esters of different concentration. A statistical analysis was performed based of the results. The purpose of the work was to develop a resulting model for assessing the operation of engines fueled with biofuel and diesel mixtures while changing the vehicle's computer software. A computer simulation algorithm was also developed for the needs of the tests which was used to prognose the state of the test results for variable input parameters.

Availability analysis of hydrogen/natural gas blends combustion in internal combustion engines

Energy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Rakopoulos ◽  
M.A. Scott ◽  
D.C. Kyritsis ◽  
E.G. Giakoumis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Availability Analysis

Progress in hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) internal combustion engines - A comprehensive review

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 1458-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopesh Kumar Mehra ◽  
Hao Duan ◽  
Romualdas Juknelevičius ◽  
Fanhua Ma ◽  
Junyin Li
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Comprehensive Review

The Effect of Parametric Variations on Formaldehyde Emissions From a Large Bore Natural Gas Engine

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Olsen ◽  
Bryan D. Willson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Natural Gas Engine ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutant

Formaldehyde is a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) that is typically emitted from natural gas-fired internal combustion engines as a product of incomplete combustion. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is currently developing national emission standards to regulate HAP emissions, including formaldehyde, from stationary reciprocating internal combustion engines under Title III of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. This work investigates the effect that variations of engine operating parameters have on formaldehyde emissions from a large bore natural gas engine. The subject engine is a Cooper-Bessemer GMV-4TF two-stroke cycle engine with a 14″ (36 cm) bore and a 14″ (36 cm) stroke. Engine parameter variations investigated include load, boost, ignition timing, inlet air humidity ratio, air manifold temperature, jacket water temperature, prechamber fuel supply pressure, exhaust backpressure, and speed. The data analysis and interpretation is performed with reference to possible formaldehyde formation mechanisms and in-cylinder phenomena.

Improving the performance of a diesel engine by changing injectors characteristics after reduction on the compression ratio

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 8153-8168
Author(s):  
Saeed Chamehsara ◽  
Mohammadreza Karami
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Nozzle Hole ◽  
The Impact

In order to repair internal combustion engines, sometimes it is necessary to replace the components of these engines with each other. Therefore changes in engine performance are inevitable in these conditions. In the present study, by changing the coneccting rod and the crank of the OM457 turbo diesel-fueled engine with the OM444, it was observed that the performance of the engine decreases. Numerical simulations have been carried out to study the Possible ways to mitigate this reduction. One way to achieve this goal is to change the fuel injector’s characteristics such as, fuel injector’s nozzle hole diameter, number of nozzle holes, and start time of fuel injection. In this study, the impact of these parameters on the performance and emissions of these engines were analyzed. Another scenario is an increase in inlet fuel and air by the same amount. The results indicate that By reducing the diameter of fuel injector holes and hole numbers, the performance of the engine was increased. on the other hand, the NOx emissions were increased while the amount of soot emission decreased. The same results were concluded by retarding the start time of injection. Subsequently, a case study of changing fuel injector parameters for mitigation of decreased performance was performed. These parameters were simultaneously applied, and results were compared. The performance of the engine with improved injector’s characteristics was close to the main OM457. Similar results were obtained by increasing the amount of inlet air and fuel.

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