Design and Optimization of Variable Rectangular Cross Section Chassis for On-Road Heavy Vehicles

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rajasekar ◽  
R. Saravanan ◽  
N.V. Dhandapani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Section Modulus

All the loads generated by other components of heavy vehicle are transferred to its chassis. Chassis related failures are few but the damages to the safety of occupant are huge; sometimes it leads to fatal accidents. In order to overcome this, the chassis has to be optimized based on static and dynamic loads by ensuring a uniform distribution of stress and strain. The shape and cross section of the chassis gives a resistance to the above mentioned loads. The cross section of the chassis structure of all on-road vehicles is uniform despite the variable loads. In this work, variable cross section chassis of an on-road heavy vehicle is designed by keeping optimum sections. Bending moment of the chassis has been mathematically related with section modulus of the chassis. Genetic algorithm based procedures have been used to optimize the height, width and thickness of the chassis cross section. Coding in C language is used to automate the genetic algorithm procedures. For benchmark study, 3D models of optimized and existing chassis of an on-road heavy vehicle were developed. Finite element analysis reveals that the optimized chassis has less failure possibilities due to lower stress values and uniform distribution when compared to those from the model of existing chassis.

Bearing Capacity of Structures Made of Materials with Different Tensile and Compression Strengths

2019 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 200-208
Author(s):  
Mykola Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Longitudinal Force ◽  
Plastic State ◽  
Limiting State ◽  
Tension And Compression

The paper considers the problem of the ultimate load finding for structures made of a material with different limits of tensile strength and compression. The modulus of elasticity under tension and compression is the same. It is assumed that upon reaching the ultimate strength, the material is deformed indefinitely. The calculations use a simplified material deformation diagram — Prandtl diagrams. The limiting state of a solid rectangular section under the action of a longitudinal force and a bending moment is considered. The dependences describing the boundary of the strength of a rectangular cross section are obtained. Formulas allowing the calculation of the values of the limit forces and under the action of which the cross section passes into the plastic state are derived. Examples of the analytical calculation of the maximum load for the frame and two-hinged arch are given. An algorithm is proposed and a program for calculating arbitrary flat rod systems according to the limit state using the finite element method is compiled. The proposed algorithm does not involve the use of iterative processes, which leads to an exact calculation of the maximum load within the accepted assumptions.

scholarly journals Shear Performance of Optimized-Section Precast Slab with Tapered Cross Section

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjin Ju ◽  
Sun-Jin Han ◽  
Hyo-Eun Joo ◽  
Hae-Chang Cho ◽  
Kang Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Shear Behaviour ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shear Design ◽  
Shear Performance ◽  
And Performance

The optimized-section precast slab (OPS) is a half precast concrete (PC) slab that highlights structural aesthetics while reducing the quantity of materials by means of an efficient cross-sectional configuration considering the distribution of a bending moment. However, since a tapered cross section where the locations of the top and bottom flanges change is formed at the end of the member, stress concentration occurs near the tapered cross section because of the shear force and thus the surrounding region of the tapered cross section may become unintentionally vulnerable. Therefore, in this study, experimental and numerical research was carried out to examine the shear behaviour characteristics and performance of the OPS with a tapered cross section. Shear tests were conducted on a total of eight OPS specimens, with the inclination angle of the tapered cross section, the presence of topping concrete and the amount of shear reinforcement as the main test variables and a reasonable shear-design method for the OPS members was proposed by means of a detailed analysis based on design code and finite-element analysis.

An Empirically Determined Design Guideline for Rectangular Cross Section Nitinol Flexure Hinges With the Focus on Flexibility-Strength Trade-Off

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Coemert ◽  
M. Olmeda ◽  
J. Fuckner ◽  
C. Rehekampff ◽  
S. V. Brecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Flexure Hinge ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Flexure Hinges ◽  
Compliance Modeling

In our group, we are developing flexure hinge based manipulators made of nitinol for minimally invasive surgery. On the one hand, sufficient flexibility is required from flexure hinges to be able to cover the surgical workspace. On the other hand, the bending amount of the flexure hinges has to be limited below the yielding point to ensure a safe operation. As a result of these considerations, it has to be questioned how much bending angle a nitinol flexure hinge with given geometric dimensions can provide without being subject to plastic deformation. Due to the nonlinearities resulting from large deflections and the material itself, the applicability of the suggested approaches in the literature regarding compliance modeling of flexure hinges is doubtful. Therefore, a series of experiments was conducted in order to characterize the rectangular cross section nitinol flexure hinges regarding the flexibility-strength trade-off. The nitinol flexure hinge samples were fabricated by wire electrical discharge machining in varying thicknesses while keeping the length constant and in varying lengths while keeping the thickness constant. The samples were loaded and unloaded incrementally until deflections beyond visible plastic deformation occured. Each pose in loaded and unloaded states was recorded by means of a digital microscope. The deflection angles yielding to permanent set values corresponding to 0.1% strain were measured and considered as elastic limit. A quasilinear correlation between maximum elastic deflection angle and length-to-thickness ratio was identified. Based on this correlation, a minimal model was determined to be a limit for a secure design. The proposed guideline was verified by additional measurements with additional samples of random dimensions and finite element analysis.

scholarly journals NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE ELASTIC-PLASTIC LINEAR HARDENING STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF THE FRAME ELEMENT CROSS-SECTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Andrius Grigusevičius ◽  
Gediminas Blaževičius
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Hardening Material ◽  
Frame Element ◽  
Nonlinear Stress

The aim of this paper is to present a solution algorithm for determining the frame element crosssection carrying capacity, defined by combined effect of bending moment and axial force. The distributions of stresses and strains inside a cross-section made of linearly hardening material are analysed. General nonlinear stress-strain dependencies are composed. All relations are formed for rectangular cross-section for all possible cases of combinations of axial force and bending moment. To this end, five different stress-strain states are investigated and four limit axial force values are defined in the present research. The nonlinear problem is solved in MATLAB mathematical software environment. Stress-strain states in the cross-sections are investigated in detail and graphically analysed for two numerical experiments.

Key Factors Affecting the Amplitude of a Composite Ultrasonic Wiredrawing Vibration System

2012 ◽  
Vol 157-158 ◽  
pp. 395-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Biao Shan ◽  
Nai Ming Qi ◽  
Li Li Wang ◽  
Tao Xie
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Vibration System ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis

This paper studied the key factors affecting the amplitude of a composite ultrasonic wiredrawing vibration system, for designing a powerful ultrasonic vibration system. The finite element analysis (FEA) was performed. The results showed that the variable cross-section shapes of horns and the angles between the connection of both ends of the cross-section and the center line had great effects on the amplitude of an ultrasonic vibration system. In order to valid the theoretical result, the experiments were carried out on a composite ultrasonic vibration system. The experimental result demonstrated that the conical variable cross-section rods used in an ultrasonic vibration system produced large amplitude.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Resistance of Rc Members Subjected to Bending With/without Axial Force

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Lechman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Nonlinear Stress ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Analysis

The paper presents section models for analysis of the resistance of RC members subjected to bending moment with or without axial force. To determine the section resistance the nonlinear stress-strain relationship for concrete in compression is assumed, taking into account the concrete softening. It adequately describes the behavior of RC members up to failure. For the reinforcing steel linear elastic-ideal plastic model is applied. For the ring cross-section subjected to bending with axial force the normalized resistances are derived in the analytical form by integrating the cross-sectional equilibrium equations. They are presented in the form of interaction diagrams and compared with the results obtained by testing conducted on RC columns under eccentric compression. Furthermore, the ultimate normalized bending moment has been derived for the rectangular cross-section subjected to bending without axial force. It was applied in the cross-sectional analysis of steel and concrete composite beams, named BH beams, consisting of the RC rectangular core placed inside a reversed TT welded profile. The comparisons made indicated good agreements between the proposed section models and experimental results.

scholarly journals ОПТИМАЛЬНОЕ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ СТАТИЧЕСКИ ОПРЕДЕЛИМОЙ БАЛКИ ПРИ ОГРАНИЧЕНИИ НА МАКСИМАЛЬНЫЙ ПРОГИБ

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Сергей Сергеевич Куреннов
Keyword(s):  
Programming Problem ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Constant Width ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Linear Functions ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Nodal Points

Here is solved the optimization problem for the longitudinal depth distribution in the beam with a limitation on the maximum value of deflection. A review of the references is done, and it is shown that the known solutions are either erroneous, because they are based on false hypotheses, or have a narrow field of application, limited only to symmetrical constructions for which the point of the maximum deflection is known a priori. The paper considers a beam of the rectangular cross-section of constant width. The beam is assumed to be statically determinate, and the load is arbitrary and asymmetric and multidirectional as well. The points (or point) of the beam maximum deflections are unknown in advance and would be determined in the problem-solution procedure. A linear problem is considered. The optimization criterion is the mass of the beam. To find the deflections of the beam, i.e. to solve the differential equation of a variable cross-section beam bending the finite difference method is used. The design problem is reduced to the required beam depths obtaining in the system of nodal points. In this case, the desired solution must satisfy the restriction system for the nodal points shift and the sign of variables as well. Since the restrictions of the shift of each node are considered separately and independently, so the proposed method allows flexible control of the beam shift restrictions. Using the change of variables proposed in the paper, the problem to be solved is reduced to a nonlinear programming problem where the criterion function is separable and restrictions are linear functions. Using linearization, this problem can be reduced to the linear programming problem relatively to new variables. The model problem is solved, and it is shown that the proposed algorithm efficiently allows us to solve the problems of the beam optimal design with the restrictions of the maximally allowed deflection. The proposed approach can be spread for the strength limitations, for beams of variable width, I-beam cross-section, etc.

Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Simulation of Bulge Forming Process Using a Variable Cross-Section Solid Bulging Mold

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 4405-4408
Author(s):  
Ke Wang ◽  
Zhe Ying Wang ◽  
Xing Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Metal Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Screw Rotor

Bulge forming is a novel process aimed at common products including T-branches, cross branches and angle branches. But bulging forming has not applied for two-head abnormity-shaped hollow screw rotor reported in literature. Simulation of the bulging forming of two-head abnormity-shaped hollow screw rotor has not been reported. This paper presents a simulation of the bulge forming process of two-head abnormity-shaped hollow screw rotor using a variable cross-section solid bulging mold. Some conditions including the effect of friction, boundary conditions, contact conditions and the space motion, etc are presented. The mathematical model of three-dimensional finite element analysis has been established. The distribution of generalized plastic strain and general metal flow mode in cross section of two abnormity-shaped hollow screw rotor has been analyzed. It is an effective method for the analysis of other defects and the optimization of process parameters further.

Finite Element Analysis of Pump Casing for Triplex Plunger Pump Based on Abaqus

2011 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
Xia He ◽  
Chong Jun Huang ◽  
Qing You Liu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Jia Yu Tian
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Plunger Pump ◽  
Design Improvement ◽  
Programming Software ◽  
Crankshaft Rotation ◽  
Abaqus Software ◽  
Load Conditions

The force of pump casing for triplex plunger was very complex, as well as the loads varied with the angle of crankshaft rotation. Using VB programming software obtained the load of pump casing anywhere, then 3D models of pump casing of triplex plunger pump have been created by utilizing Pro/E, and strength calculation of the pump casing was analyzed by utilizing Abaqus software in six different load conditions. The results indicated that the dangerous cross section and the stress distribution have been found and the maximum stress of the pump casing was 297.3 MPa, which was less than the limit of yielding strength but met the overall strength of pump casing. This research was significant for the reliability evaluation and the design improvement of the pump casing.

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