Stage of Change Movement across Three Health Behaviors: The Role of Self-Efficacy

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin L. O'Hea ◽  
Edwin D. Boudreaux ◽  
Shawn K. Jeffries ◽  
Cindy L. Carmack Taylor ◽  
Isabel C. Scarinci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Stage Of Change

scholarly journals Older Adults’ Adherence to Technology-Based Intervention: The Role of Messaging and Individual Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 555-555
Author(s):  
Walter Boot ◽  
Nelson Roque ◽  
Erin Harrell ◽  
Neil Charness
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Home Technology

Abstract Adherence to health behaviors is often poor, including adherence to at-home technology-based interventions. This study (N=120) explored adherence to a cognitive training intervention delivered via computer tablet, assessed adherence over a 4.5 month period, explored how individual difference factors shaped adherence, and tested the efficacy of message framing manipulations (positive vs. negative framing) in boosting adherence. Individual difference factors predicted adherence, including variations in self-efficacy and belief in the efficacy of cognitive training. Overall message framing had little impact. However, during the final portion of the study in which participants were asked to play as much or as little as they wanted instead of following a schedule, participants who received positively framed messages engaged with the intervention more. Implications for predicting and boosting adherence to home delivered technology-based interventions will be discussed.

Fear of Detection and Efficacy of Prevention: Using Construal Level to Encourage Health Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chethana Achar ◽  
Nidhi Agrawal ◽  
Meng-Hua Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Detection Tool ◽  
Illness Prevention ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Construal Levels

This research examines the psychological processes and factors that shape illness-detection versus illness-prevention health actions. Four experiments using contexts of mental health, skin cancer, and breast cancer show that illness detection evokes fear, which undermines engagement in detection behaviors. Considering detection at low (vs. high) levels of thought reduced fear and increased health persuasion. Illness prevention is driven by self-efficacy perceptions and considering prevention at high (vs. low) levels of thought increases persuasion. In further evidence of process, trait fear moderated the detection effects, and dispositional self-efficacy moderated the prevention effects. As an intervention, framing a detection action as serving illness-prevention goals increased people’s likelihood of engaging with an online breast cancer detection tool. These findings illuminate the psychology of detection as being distinct from the psychology of prevention, identify the role of fear in the consideration of health behaviors, and show contexts in which construal levels have divergent effects on health persuasion.

scholarly journals Social Disparities in Post-Diagnosis Health Behaviors of Iranian Breast Cancer Survivors: The Mediating Role of Psychosocial Factors as Potential Buffering Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tavakol ◽  
Reza Tayari Ashtiani ◽  
Majid Koosheshi ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari ◽  
Maryam Khayamzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Disparities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is surging as a public health issue in Iran and engagement in positive health behaviors improves the odds of survival and reduces the risk of concomitant comorbidities in BC survivors. Objectives: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of socioeconomic inequalities on leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and fruit and vegetable (F & V) consumption among Iranian BC survivors. Another objective of this study was to examine the role of psychosocial factors, such as stress, self-efficacy, and social support as mediators between socioeconomic status (SES) and these health behaviors. Few studies have investigated social disparities in the health behaviors of cancer survivors. Likewise, the mediating role of psychosocial factors in the SES-health behavior gradient has rarely been explored in the cancer context. Psychosocial factors might have positive implications for socioeconomically disadvantaged survivors. Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from 196 patients with BC by a telephone-administrated questionnaire. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance system (BRFSS) 2013 was partially employed to measure exercise and F & V consumption. Cross-sectional analyses (correlations and logistic regression) were conducted to assess the relationship between SES, psychosocial factors, and health behaviors (P < 0.05). Results: Regarding LTPA and F & V consumption, more than half of the survivors complied with the recommended levels, consecutively. Both education and family income exhibited a positive association with LTPA and F & V consumption. Furthermore, self-efficacy and social support showed a positive relationship with LTPA and F & V consumption. Conclusions: The SES impacted health behaviors directly and via intermediary psychosocial factors. The results can inform future studies and interventions; psychosocial factors could buffer the effects of social inequalities on health behaviors. A key policy priority should, therefore, be planning and implementing psychosocial empowerment interventions to promote exercise and a healthy diet among impoverished cancer survivors.

Stages of Change, Decisional Balance, and Self-Efficacy across Four Health Behaviors in a Worksite Environment

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Herrick ◽  
William J. Stone ◽  
Miles M. Mettler
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Fat Consumption

Purpose. This study examined differences in decisional balance and self-efficacy scores across the five stages of change and across four health behaviors (exercise, protection from sun exposure, smoking, and dietary fat consumption), and explored the relationship between the frequency of subjects at each stage across four health behaviors. Design. Data for this study were collected as part of a health behavior survey of employees. Setting. The study was conducted in a municipal government worksite in Arizona. Subjects. A total of 393 employees completed the survey. The sample was predominantly white (84.9%) and male (64.4%), with an average age of 42.2 years and a median annual household income of between $40,000 and $59,999. Measures. Previously validated questions to measure stages of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy were administered, along with questions about demographic variables. Results. Significant differences were found for decisional balance and self-efficacy scores across the five stages of change, but they were not significantly different between the four health behaviors. A minority of subjects (18.6%) were in the same stage of change for all four health behaviors. Conclusions. This study provides preliminary evidence that there is considerable stage specificity across multiple health behaviors. Because employees at each stage of change possess differences in terms of their pros, cons, and self-efficacy, wellness programs need to focus on stage-specific interventions.

scholarly journals Can differences in physical activity by socio-economic status in European adolescents be explained by differences in psychosocial correlates? A mediation analysis within the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2100-2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien De Cocker ◽  
Enrique G Artero ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
Sabine Dietrich ◽  
Frédéric Gottrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Psychosocial Correlates ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Environmental Correlates ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

AbstractObjectiveSocio-economic status (SES) has been positively associated with physical activity (PA) levels in adolescents. In order to tackle these social inequalities, information is needed about the underlying mechanisms of this association. The present study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of psychosocial correlates of PA on the relationship between SES and PA in European adolescents.DesignCross-sectional study testing the mediating role of psychosocial correlates in the SES–PA association using the product-of-coefficients test of MacKinnon.SettingTen European cities in nine different countries, the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study.SubjectsAdolescents (n 2780) aged 12·5–17·49 years self-reported on PA (moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA and total PA), SES indicators (education of the mother and Family Affluence Scale) and psychosocial correlates of PA (stage of change, attitudes, awareness, modelling, social support, self-efficacy, benefits, barriers and environmental correlates).ResultsSES (Family Affluence Scale) was significantly associated with moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA. According to single-mediator models, this association was significantly mediated by stage of change (t = 3·6, P ≤ 0·001), awareness (t = 2·7, 0·001 < P ≤ 0·01), modelling (t = 4·8, P ≤ 0·001), self-efficacy (t = 2·5, 0·01<P ≤ 0·05), barriers (t = 2·7, 0·001 < P ≤ 0·01) and environmental (t = 3·0, 0·001 < P ≤ 0·01) correlates of PA. The multiple-mediators model showed that the mediating role of the combination of these psychosocial correlates was also significant (t = 6·2, P ≤ 0·001).ConclusionsAdolescents with low family wealth scored lower on stage of change, awareness, modelling, self-efficacy and environmental correlates of PA, and higher on PA barriers, which in turn resulted in lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous PA. Future interventions should target these individual and environmental constructs in order to tackle and intervene on social inequalities in PA among adolescents.

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