scholarly journals Unilateral testicular degeneration in dogs: Effects on spermatozoal characteristics, testis and cauda epididymis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Chike Fidelis Oguejiofor ◽  
Kenneth Orji Anya ◽  
Nnaemeka Kingsley Ogbanya
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Testicular Atrophy ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Indigenous Breed ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Testicular Degeneration

Testicular degeneration is an important cause of poor fertility in dogs, but there is little knowledge on its effects on spermatozoa in affected dogs. The study investigated the specific effects of unilateral testicular degeneration (UTD) on spermatozoal characteristics in the testis and epididymis. Ten sexually mature Nigerian indigenous breed of dogs, comprising 5 normal dogs and 5 dogs with UTD were used for the study. The testis and epididymis were removed via orchidectomy for morphological and histopathological evaluation. Sperm in the testis and cauda epididymis were analysed. The samples were grouped into four as N1 (normal right testis), N2 (normal left testis), ND (non-degenerated testis in UTD dogs), and D (degenerated testis in UTD dogs). Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. There were significant decreases (p<0.001) in testes weight, length, width and volume, and the gonado-somatic index in the D testes compared to the contralateral ND and the N groups. The D group also had significantly lowered epididymal sperm total and progressive motility, viability and concentration (p<0.001), and a decreased testicular sperm  concentration (p<0.01). Moreover, there was a decreased percentage (p<0.001) of morphologically normal sperm, with increased prevalence of  sperm abnormalities in the D group compared to the other groups. In comparison with the N groups, the ND group had a significantly lowered (p<0.05) epididymal sperm progressive motility, with increased percentage (p<0.01) of sperm with proximal cytoplasmic droplets and looped tails. The findings demonstrated that UTD in dogs adversely affected spermatozoa in the testis and cauda epididymis. There was also evidence of compromised spermatozoa in the epididymis contralateral to the degenerated testis. Keywords: Canine; Epididymis; Spermatozoa; Testicular atrophy; Testicular degeneration

scholarly journals Comparison of semen characteristics between indigenous and Amo breeds cockerel of Gombe State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-1) ◽  
pp. 303-306
Author(s):  
Tijjani Haruna Usman ◽  
Saleh Mohammed Sir ◽  
Ma’aruf Bashir Sani
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Indigenous Breed ◽  
Normal Sperm ◽  
Abnormal Sperm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Semen Characteristics ◽  
Genetically Improved ◽  
Abdominal Massage

The experiment was carried out to compare the semen characteristics of indigenous and Amo strains of cockerel at poultry unit of teaching and research farm of Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, Nigeria. Semen samples were collected from nine indigenous and nine Amo breeds of cockerel at three days interval for two weeks using abdominal massage technique. Semen samples were examined macroscopically for semen colour, pH and ejaculation volume. Then, microscopic observation was carried for sperm concentration, mass motility, progressive motility, live and dead sperms percentage, normal and abnormal sperm, all for semen characteristics. The results showed a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) between mass motility, progressive motility, sperm concentration and head defects of 4.85 ± 0.27 to 4.37 ± 0.19, 95.13 ± 0.43 to 81.63 ± 1.15%, 4.93 ± 1.84 to 3.40 ± 1.07×109/ml and 2.96 ± 0.17 to 3.44 ± 0.12% for indigenous and Amo breeds of cockerel, respectively. There were no significant differences observed as semen colour, ejaculate volume, semen pH, live / dead normal sperm neck (mid-piece), tail defects and sperm total abnormalities were found to be 2.85 ± 0.07 to 2.00 ± 0.090.21 ± 0.17 to 0.20 ± 0.02 /ml, 88.85 ± 0.58 to 72.70 ± 0.54% /ml, 11.14 ± 0.58 to 27.29 ± 0.54%, 81.00 ± 0.78 to 66.22 ± 0.61%,9.03 ± 0.42 to 13.96 ± 0.47%, 9.70 ±  to 13.00 ± 0.30 and 21.70 ± 0.59 to 30.40 ± 0.53% for the indigenous and Amo breed groups of cockerel, respectively. It was concluded that semen quality characteristics could be differed between genetically improved (Amo strain) and indigenous breed of cockerels.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OF NIGERIAN AND EXOTIC POULTRY BREEDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
G. N. Egbunike ◽  
J. A. Oluyemi
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Indigenous Breed ◽  
Sperm Abnormalities ◽  
Semen Characteristics

THE study involved 48 adult cocks from four breeds namely, White Rock (WR), Rhode Island Red (RIR), White Leghorn (WL) and Nigerian indigenous breed (NIB). They weighed between 1 -26kg at the beginning of the experiment. The WR cock had the heaviest paired testis Weight (25.06g) while NIB had the lightest (16.549). These weights accounted for 1.04% and 1.22% of the liveweight respectively while the specific gravity of the testis from these two breeds was 1.048. The volume (0.63ml vs 0.33ml) and progressive motility of the spermatozoa (63.34 vs 58.12%) were highest in the WR and lowest in the NIB while sperm concentration (3.03 vt 2.43 x 10') was highest also in the WR but lowest in the WL. These semen characteristics were significantly influenced by breed and time of ejaculation except with the volume in which the time effect was Insignificant. The WR semen had the lowest sperm abnormalities (10.13% while RIR had the highest (13.14%). The results however Indicate that the WR cocks ejaculated the largest quantity and best quality semen, followed in order by RIR, NIB and WL 

scholarly journals Viability of carabao (Bubalus bubalis carabanensis) epididymal sperm from post mortem testes in semen extender at refrigerated temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Lean Angelo B. San Diego ◽  
Marvin Bryan S. Salinas ◽  
Angelica C. Bumanlag ◽  
Marlon B. Ocampo ◽  
Lerma C. Ocampo
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Semen Extender ◽  
Excellent Source

Post mortem epididymal sperm (ES) is an excellent source of germplasm for conservation of animal genetic resources. In this study,  the viability of post mortem ES from carabao after collection at ambient temperature (AT) and after 24 hr and 48 hr of storage at refrigeration temperature (RT) were evaluated. ES were collected through slicing of epididymides from 7 carabaos. The mean ES volume was 0.4 ml with sperm concentration of 2.5×109 cells/ml. The mean percentage livability of fresh ES, after 24 hr and 48 hr of storage at RT were 81.93%, 65.93% and 43.7%, respectively. The mean percentage abnormalities of fresh ES, after 24 hr and 48 hr of storage at RT were 44.15%, 38.5% and 43.47%, respectively. The mean percentage motility of fresh ES, after 24 hr and 48 hr of storage at RT were 60.0%, 50.0% and 17.24%, respectively, after analysis through conventional means. Through CASA, the mean percentage motility was observed to be lower significantly at 26.12%, 37.94% and 18.32% for fresh ES, after 24 hr and 48 hr of storage at RT, respectively. The mean progressive motility of fresh ES, after 24 hr and 48 hr storage at RT were 10.02%, 16.47% and 10.87%, respectively. The results suggest that ES potential for use in fertilization studies remained viable when used immediately or after storage at RT for the first 24 hr.

The effects of Pb on sperm parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation of men investigated for infertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.U.S. Wijesekara ◽  
D.M.S. Fernando ◽  
S. Wijeratne
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pb Concentration

AbstractBackgroundLead (Pb) is one of the metals most prevalent in the environment and is known to cause infertility and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation. This study aimed to determine the association between seminal plasma Pb and sperm DNA fragmentation in men investigated for infertility.MethodsMale partners (n = 300) of couples investigated for infertility were recruited after informed consent was obtained. Sperm parameters were assessed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Seminal plasma Pb was estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after digestion with nitric acid.ResultsIn Pb-positive and -negative groups the sperm parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation were compared using independent sample t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test, respectively. The mean [standard deviation (SD)] age and duration of infertility were 34.8 (5.34) years and 45.7 (35.09) months, respectively, and the mean Pb concentration was 15.7 μg/dL. In Pb positives compared to Pb negatives the means (SD) of sperm count, progressive motility viability and normal morphology were lower (p > 0.05) but the DNA fragmentation was significantly higher 39.80% (25.08) than Pb negatives 22.65% (11.30). Seminal plasma Pb concentration and sperm DNA fragmentation had a positive correlation (r = 0.38, p = 0.03). A negative correlation was observed between sperm DNA fragmentation and sperm concentration, progressive motility, total motility and viability. When the DNA fragmentation was ≥30% sperm concentration and viability decreased (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPb in seminal plasma had a significant effect on sperm DNA fragmentation but not with other sperm parameters.

DNA fragmentation and morphometric studies in sperm of stallions supplemented with maca (Lepidium meyenii)

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Emanuele D’Anza ◽  
Sara Albarella ◽  
Giacomo Galdiero ◽  
Simona Tafuri ◽  
Chiara Del Prete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Food Supplementation ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Lepidium Meyenii ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Length Width

Summary The reproductive performances of livestock play an essential role in the economic management of the farm. The improvement of semen quantity and quality through the use of food supplements that lack substances which are forbidden in animal feeding, or that may have detrimental effects, is an important goal. Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is a plant that has been used for centuries in the Andes for nutrition and fertility enhancement in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of food supplementation of stallions with maca during the breeding season on spermatozoa parameters such as DNA fragmentation and shape, which are two predictive indexes of spermatozoa functionality. For this purpose, ejaculate volume, semen gel-free volume, sperm concentration and motility, total sperm count, sperm DNA fragmentation and sperm head parameters (length, width, perimeter, area, shape factor, roughness) were measured in four stallions. Maca food supplementation in stallions during breeding reduced the percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA, increased significantly sperm concentration and exerted an elongation of the spermatozoa head, a condition that is believed to improve spermatozoa functionality, suggesting that food supplementation of maca could be useful in horse breeding during the breeding season.

scholarly journals The relationship between serum hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, total testosterone) and semen parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Zeynel Keskin ◽  
Salih Budak ◽  
Tuǧba Zeyrek ◽  
Orçun Çelik ◽  
Oguz Mertoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of serum gonadotropin and total testosterone levels on semen parameters. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and eighty-two patients that applied to a male infertility polyclinic were included in our study. Serum gonadotropin and total testosterone levels and semen parameters of the patients were analyzed during the first visit to the clinic. The reference FSH value was 1.5-12.4 mIU/mL, that of LH was 1.7-8.6 mIU/mL and the reference value for total testosterone was 249-836 ng/dL. Results: While there was no statistically significant difference between the patients with low gonadotropin levels and the controls regarding any of the semen parameters (p &gt; 0.05), there was a strong statistically significant difference between the patients with high gonadotropin levels and the controls regarding sperm concentration (p = 0.000), total motility (p = 0.000), progressive motility (p = 0.000), and morphology (p = 0.000). There was a strong statistically significant difference between the patients with low testosterone levels and the controls regarding total motility (p = 0.012) and progressive motility (p = 0.010), and a weak statistically significant difference in morphology (p = 0.042). There was no statistically significant difference in semen volume or sperm concentration (p &gt; 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in any of the semen parameters between the patients with high testosterone levels and the controls (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings especially regarding LH and T levels are not in agreement with previous reports. In this regard, there is a need for larger-scale and randomized trials to resolve this discrepancy.

scholarly journals Assessment of quality in specific fractions of Large White Yorkshire boar semen

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Ambily ◽  
Malati Naik ◽  
Hiron M. Harshan ◽  
C. Jayakumar ◽  
M. P. Unnikrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Shock ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Membrane Cholesterol ◽  
Large White ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Sperm Membrane ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Quality Assessments

Boar semen is voluminous and ejaculated as jets or fractions of pre-sperm, sperm rich (SRF) and post-sperm rich fractions. Recent studies have reported more resilient characteristics of sperm in initial portions of SRF towards cold shock and cryopreservation. The present study was conducted to assess the quality of specific fractions of SRF, namely, first 10mL of SRF (F1) and rest of SRF (F2) in Large white Yorkshire (LWY) boar semen. Ejaculates were collected using gloved-hand technique and were subjected to quality assessments of volume, pH, sperm progressive motility, concentration, plasma membrane integrity, abnormality, acrosome integrity and sperm membrane cholesterol. Upon statistical analysis, significant differences were noticed in volume, pH, sperm concentration and sperm membrane cholesterol between fractions of the ejaculate.

scholarly journals Effect of age and season on the Epididymal Sperm and testosterone level in camel (camelus dromedarius)

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Ali A. Abd
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Hot Season ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
Effect Of Age

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age and season on the epididymal sperm and level of testosterone in camel. A total 103 camel testes samples were collected from Al-Najaf slaughter house during a cold season (December 2012, January and February 2013) and moderatehot season (March, April and May, 2013). Testes were divided into 3 Gs according to camel age, G1 included the testes of 2-3years, G 2 (3 – 4years) and over 4 years (G 3). Blood samples were collected for determination of serum testosterone level. The sperms were obtained from the tail of epididymis from all animals groups and the results of the sperms individual motility percentage was increased at the level of (P< 0.05) significantly with age progress in both seasons. Also, sperm motility of G3 recorded a significantly higher than those of G1 and G2 in cold and moderate-hot seasons .The live percentage of G 3 animals was 90.01% in cold season with a significantly higher than those of other Gs and in both seasons. However, the live sperm percentage of G 3 during moderate-hot season was 87.82% and G 2 during moderate-hot and cold seasons were 88.58 and 88.72% respectively, showed significantly higher than those of G1 during cold and moderate-hot seasons .The concentration of sperm obtained from epididymis tail of bulls camel significantly increase with age progress in both seasons. However, the mean of the sperm concentration in cold season showed significance higher than those in moderate-hot season in animals of G 1 and 3, respectively. The abnormal morphologically sperm percentage of animals G 1 in both cold and moderate-hot seasons were significantly higher than those of G3.The testosterone levels of the young animals (under 4 years) increased gradually and reached its peak in February 2.28 ng/ml and March 2.27ng/ml. In the same trend older animal (more than 4 years) was showed 8.14 and 7.35 ng/ml, respectively. The older animals showed a significantly monthly, higher values than those of the younger animals in their testosterone level started from January up to May. In conclusions during cold months the camel over 4 years shows higher percentage of epididymal sperms parameters (live and individual motility) and sperms concentration as well as serum testosterone level.

scholarly journals The effects of varicocelectomy on the DNA fragmentation index and other sperm parameters: a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponco Birowo ◽  
J. Rahendra Wijaya ◽  
Widi Atmoko ◽  
Nur Rasyid
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Fragmentation Index ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Dna Fragmentation Index

Abstract Background Varicocele is one of the most common causes of reversible male infertility, and 15% of the varicocele patients with normal semen analysis are diagnosed as infertile. According to the current guidelines, varicocelectomy is indicated based on abnormal sperm parameters and not abnormal DNA fragmentation index (DFI) values. Thus, in this study, we performed a meta-analysis of the effects of varicocelectomy on the DFI and other conventional sperm parameters, and determined whether DFI could be used to indicate varicocelectomy for varicocele patients. Results Through an electronic search of the PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and Cochrane databases, we included 7 prospective studies including a total of 289 patients in this meta-analysis. The results showed that varicocelectomy significantly reduced DNA fragmentation (mean difference: − 6.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: − 10.04, − 3.69; p < 0.00001) and improved sperm concentration (mean difference: 9.59; 95% CI: 7.80, 11.38; p < 0.00001), progressive motility (mean difference: 8.66; 95% CI: 6.96, 10.36; p < 0.00001), and morphology (mean difference: 2.73; 95% CI: 0,65, 4.80; p = 0.01). Conclusion Varicocelectomy reduced DNA fragmentation and improved sperm concentration, progressive motility, and morphology. Additionally, the analysis showed that an abnormal DFI measurement should be considered as an indication for varicocelectomy.

scholarly journals Semen quality pattern and age threshold: a retrospective cross-sectional study of 71,623 infertile men in China, between 2011 and 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Li ◽  
M. M. Jia ◽  
Y. Q. Peng ◽  
R. Ding ◽  
L. Q. Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Infertile Men

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to provide information on the semen quality pattern of infertile men and age thresholds for semen parameters in China. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study investigating 71,623 infertile men from the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC Xiangya in Hunan, China, from 2011 to 2017. The Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Kendall test, linear regression model and joinpoint regression were used. Results Although erratic changes were observed in the median semen parameters (sperm concentration 40.1–52.1 × 106/ml, total sperm count 117.8–153.1 × 106, sperm progressive motility 33.4–38.1%) during the 7 years of observation, no significant decrease in semen quality was found, and 47.88% of infertile men showed normal semen parameters according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, sperm progressive motility appeared to decrease earlier than the sperm concentration and total sperm count (at 28, 58, and 42 years of age, respectively). Conclusions There is no evidence of a deterioration in semen quality among infertile men in Hunan, China. Semen parameters decreased with increasing age, with turning points noted at different ages. Semen parameters are not absolute evidence for the assessment of male fertility potential. Therefore, we believe that, among semen parameters, the sperm concentration is the best predictor of fertility for ART, followed by motility. Decreased sperm motility may affect natural pregnancy, but it is not necessary for successful IVF.

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