scholarly journals Community acceptance, satisfaction, and support for case management of malaria of various degrees in selected rural communities in Ibadan, Oyo-State

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
IkeOluwapo O. Ajayi ◽  
Ayodele S. Jegede ◽  
Akintayo O. Ogunwale ◽  
Janet Ogundairo ◽  
Oladipupo S. Olaleye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Case Management Intervention ◽  
The Government

Objectives: This study aimed to assess communities’ perception and adoption of the evidenced-based malaria diagnosis and case management intervention targeted at under-five children. The effectiveness of trained Volunteer Community Health Workers (VCHWs) to diagnose malaria among under-five children using rapid diagnostic testing kit, provide treatment using Artemisinin Combination Therapy and rectal Artesunate were assessed.Design: A qualitative evaluation study was conducted in October 2015.Setting: Communities in the 6 rural wards in Ona-Ara Local Government Area, Oyo State Nigeria.Participants: Caregivers of under-five children, community–based frontline health workers, and community leaders selected using purposively sampling.Methods: Nine Focus Group Discussions and 15 Key Informant Interviews were conducted using a pre-tested guide. Data were subjected to thematic analysis.Results: It was disclosed that VCHWs promoted people’s access to prompt and appropriate malaria treatment. The communities accepted the VCHWs; the reasons given for this included the following: effectiveness of VCHWs in case management of malaria; good inter-personal relationship with caregivers; and the positive health outcomes associated with services provided by them. In addition, community members expressed satisfaction with the VCHWs and provided them with all the support needed to function throughout the malaria case management intervention. The VCHWs considered the support as a great source of encouragement.Conclusions: The use of VCHWs to treat malaria was adjudged to be effective and considered acceptable to the communities. The adoption of the intervention and its integration into the primary health system by the government is advocated for in medically underserved rural communities.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Under-Five Mortality in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Surveys 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
girma gilano ◽  
Samuel Hailegeberael
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
P Value ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
The Government

Introduction: Over decades, much have been said and done regarding under-five mortality in Ethiopia. The country has been following the lead of sustainable development goals and UNICEF with its transformation plan targets. However, unless the efforts supported by status assessing studies, it might be difficult for the country to progress. Thus, the current study was directed to identify the prevalence and associated factors of under-five mortality in 2019. Methods: According to the study criteria, we extract and cleaned data in STATA v. 15.0. The data then weighted as per the sampling weight, primary sampling unit, and strata before analyzing in STATA 15.0. Data management consisted of descriptive (mean, standard deviation, and proportion or percent) and association statistics. We deliberated binary logistic regression for this analysis and we checked each variable at 0.25 p-values to include in the model. The final p-value to declare association was p <0.05 and AOR with 95% CI was also applied to describe the results. The data source was the Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey (EMDHS) 2019. EMDHS collected the data from 8,885 in a face-to-face manner with a 99% response rate. Results: From 5,527 numbers of weighted women with under-five analysed in this study, the proportion of under-five mortality was 277.23(5.02%). Factors like 2nd birth order 0.52(0.35, 0.79), 3rd-4th 0.49(0.28, 0.84), 1-2 ANC visits 0.24(0.12, 0.49, ANC visit three’ 0.14(0.07, 0.28), ANC visit four and above 0.22(0.14, 0.36), in marriage mother 0.43(0.19, 0.96), ‘1-2 under-five children 0.02(0.011, 0.03), and greater than three under-five children 0.007(0.0007, 0.004) were all negatively associated with under-five mortality rate. Conclusion: To obtain the exalted outcome out of this study, the government might need to increase antenatal care, women education, institutional delivery, and the modern contraceptive methods use through enhanced community mobilization, health education using community health workers, increasing access to essential cares of mothers and children, and the policy commitment for the issues related to family size, birth order, and birth interval.

Short-Term Response to Counseling and Case Management Intervention in a Domestic Violence Shelter

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1243-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. McNamara ◽  
Melissa A. Ertl ◽  
Sue Marsh ◽  
Suzanne Walker
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Domestic Violence Shelter ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Case Management Intervention ◽  
Skill Deficits ◽  
Shelter Services

81 women who accessed counseling and case management services at a domestic violence shelter after three sessions reported that abuse decreased, life satisfaction increased, perceived coping ability improved, as did their satisfaction with the services. Shelter users, however, also displayed significant skill deficits in the inability to apprise or respond appropriately to abusive situations. Limitations on understanding how shelter services affect longer-term outcomes were ascribed to high drop out rates and the absence of follow-up measures. Researchers need to address the causes of drop-out and what specific interventions can meet the needs of short-term shelter users.

scholarly journals Management of uncomplicated malaria among children under five years at public and private sector facilities in Mali

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seydou Fomba ◽  
Diakalia Koné ◽  
Bakary Doumbia ◽  
Diadier Diallo ◽  
Thomas Druetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Confirmatory Testing ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Multiple Drugs

Abstract Background Prompt and effective malaria diagnosis and treatment is a cornerstone of malaria control. Case management guidelines recommend confirmatory testing of suspected malaria cases, then prescription of specific drugs for uncomplicated malaria and for severe malaria. This study aims to describe case management practices for children aged 1–59 months seeking treatment with current or recent fever from public and private, rural and urban health providers in Mali. Methods Data were collected at sites in Sikasso Region and Bamako. Health workers recorded key information from the consultation including malaria diagnostic testing and result, their final diagnosis, and all drugs prescribed. Children with signs of severe diseases were ineligible. Consultations were not independently observed. Appropriate case management was defined as both 1) tested for malaria using rapid diagnostic test or microscopy, and 2) receiving artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) and no other antimalarials if test-positive, or receiving no antimalarials if test-negative. Results Of 1602 participating children, 23.7% were appropriately managed, ranging from 5.3% at public rural facilities to 48.4% at community health worker sites. The most common reason for ‘inappropriate’ management was lack of malaria diagnostic testing (50.4% of children). Among children with confirmed malaria, 50.8% received a non-ACT antimalarial (commonly artesunate injection or artemether), either alone or in combination with ACT. Of 215 test-negative children, 44.2% received an antimalarial drug, most commonly ACT. Prescription of multiple drugs was common: 21.7% of all children received more than one type of antimalarial, while 51.9% received an antibiotic and antimalarial. Inappropriate case management increased in children with increasing axillary temperatures and those seeking care over weekends. Conclusions Multiple limitations in management of febrile children under five were identified, including inconsistent use of confirmatory testing and apparent use of severe malaria drugs for uncomplicated malaria. While we cannot confirm the reasons for these shortcomings, there is a need to address the high use of non-ACT antimalarials in this context; to minimize potential for drug resistance, reduce unnecessary expense, and preserve life-saving treatment for severe malaria cases. These findings highlight the challenge of managing febrile illness in young children in a high transmission setting.

A Public Health Nursing Model Assists Women Receiving Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Benefits to Identify a Usual Source of Primary Care

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Christa L. Cook ◽  
Allyson G. Hall ◽  
Cynthia S. Garvan ◽  
Shawn M. Kneipp
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Public Health Nursing ◽  
Usual Source Of Care ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Usual Source ◽  
Case Management Intervention ◽  
Source Of Care ◽  
Health Nursing ◽  
Temporary Assistance

Women enrolled in Florida’s Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program experience high rates of chronic health problems and often lack a usual source of care. Thus, in this study, we aimed to identify variables related to being in a usual source of care at time of study enrollment and determine whether a public health nursing case management intervention affected the obtainment of a usual source of care. To achieve these aims, we conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial of a public health nursing case management intervention, which included women with chronic health conditions enrolled in TANF (n = 432). Results indicated 35% of the women did not identify a usual source of care at time of study enrollment, and the public health nursing intervention was effective in helping women obtain a usual source of care (OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.004–6.491). Thus, a public health nursing case management intervention is an effective way to connect TANF participants to a usual source of care, which may lead to improved health outcomes in this vulnerable population of women.

scholarly journals “They have been neglected for a long time”: a qualitative study on the role and recognition of rural health motivators in the Shiselweni region, Eswatini

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Walker ◽  
Doris Burtscher ◽  
John Myeni ◽  
Bernhard Kerschberger ◽  
Bernadette Schausberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
Public Health Challenges

Abstract Background Community health workers (CHWs) are increasingly engaged to address human resource shortages and fill primary healthcare gaps. In Eswatini, a cadre of CHWs called Rural Health Motivators (RHM) was introduced in 1976 to respond to key public health challenges. However, the emergence of health needs, particularly HIV/TB, has been met with inadequate programme amendments, and the role of RHMs has become marginalised following the addition of other CHWs supported by non-governmental organisations. This study was implemented to understand the role of RHMs in decentralised HIV/TB activities. In this paper, we explore the findings in relation to the recognition of RHMs and the programme. Methods This exploratory qualitative study utilised individual in-depth interviews, group and focus group discussions, participatory methods (utilising a game format) and observations. Participants were purposively selected and comprised RHM programme implementers, community stakeholders and local and non-governmental personnel. Data collection took place between August and September 2019. Interviews were conducted in English or siSwati and transcribed. SiSwati interviews were translated directly into English. All interviews were audio-recorded, manually coded and thematically analysed. Data was validated through methodical triangulation. Results Suboptimal organisational structure and support, primarily insufficient training and supervision for activities were factors identified through interviews and observation activities. Significant confusion of the RHM role was observed, with community expectations beyond formally endorsed tasks. Community participants expressed dissatisfaction with receiving health information only, preferring physical assistance in the form of goods. Additionally, gender emerged as a significant influencing factor on the acceptability of health messages and the engagement of RHMs with community members. Expectations and structurally limiting factors shape the extent to which RHMs are recognised as integral to the health system, at all social and organisational levels. Conclusions Findings highlight the lack of recognition of RHMs and the programme at both community and national levels. This, along with historical neglect, has hindered the capacity of RHMs to successfully contribute to positive health outcomes for rural communities. Renewed attention and support mechanisms for this cadre are needed. Clarification of the RHM role in line with current health challenges and clearer role parameters is essential.

A telephone-based case-management intervention reduces healthcare utilization for frequent emergency department visitors

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Reinius ◽  
Magnus Johansson ◽  
Ann Fjellner ◽  
Joachim Werr ◽  
Gunnar Öhlén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Case Management Intervention
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